Abstract: A device and a method of whole lifecycle multi-indicator synchronous detection of yarns or fabrics are provided. The device includes a hairiness detection unit, a first guide unit, a tension adjustment unit, and a friction unit. The device is used for circularly rubbing a closed-loop object to be detected with a preset length on the friction unit, and collecting hairiness data in real time through the hairiness detection unit. The tension adjustment unit is a free-falling tension adjustment unit used to automatically adjust tension of the object to be detected in real time to ensure the stability of friction and transmission of the object to be detected. By arranging the circulating friction closed-loop circuit and arranging the free-falling tension adjustment unit on the circuit, the friction stability is improved. The synchronous and rapid detection of multiple indicators of the object to be detected can be realized.