Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave resonator and manufacturing method thereof and filter, the bulk acoustic wave resonator includes: a resonant body structure, and a carrier structure and a cover structure on two opposite sides of the resonant body structure; a first cavity is between the carrier structure and the resonant body structure; the cover structure includes a cover substrate, and a cover bonding layer, a second cavity is between the cover structure and the resonant body structure; first and second conductive connectors, and a pad layer are on opposite sides of the resonant body structure, and the pad layer includes one or more bonding pads bonded with the cover bonding layer, each bonding pad has a recess recessed toward the resonant body structure, and the cover bonding layer includes a protrusion part filling the recess and surrounded by the bonding pad.

Abstract: A method and system provide the ability to design a terrain surface. A triangular surface mesh in three-dimensions representative of an existing surface is obtained. One or more constraints to control the triangular surface mesh are specified. The specifying includes defining multiple basic grading element constraints that are constraints on surface points of the existing surface, and combining such constraints into a complex grading element constraint that matches a real world grading behavior. Drainage for the triangular surface mesh is automatically determined based on the complex grading element constraint.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave resonator and manufacturing method thereof and filter, the bulk acoustic wave resonator includes: a resonant body structure, and a carrier structure and a cover structure on two opposite sides of the resonant body structure; a first cavity is between the carrier structure and the resonant body structure; the cover structure includes a cover substrate, and a cover bonding layer, a second cavity is between the cover structure and the resonant body structure; first and second conductive connectors, and a pad layer are on opposite sides of the resonant body structure, and the pad layer includes one or more bonding pads bonded with the cover bonding layer, each bonding pad has a recess recessed toward the resonant body structure, and the cover bonding layer includes a protrusion part filling the recess and surrounded by the bonding pad.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonator includes a piezoelectric layer, a first electrode layer disposed on a first side of the piezoelectric layer and including a first electrode and an additional electrode electrically isolated from each other, a second electrode layer disposed on a second side of the piezoelectric layer and including a second electrode, one or more conductive pads disposed on the second side of the piezoelectric layer and at least including an interconnection pad electrically connected to the second electrode and the additional electrode, a carrier structure disposed on the first side of the piezoelectric layer, a cover structure disposed on the second side of the piezoelectric layer and including a cover bonding layer and a cover substrate. A first cavity is disposed between the carrier structure and the piezoelectric layer. A second cavity is disposed between the cover structure and the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave resonator and manufacturing method thereof and filter, the bulk acoustic wave resonator includes: a resonant body structure, and a carrier structure and a cover structure on two opposite sides of the resonant body structure; a first cavity is between the carrier structure and the resonant body structure; the cover structure includes a cover substrate, and a cover bonding layer, a second cavity is between the cover structure and the resonant body structure; first and second conductive connectors, and a pad layer are on opposite sides of the resonant body structure, and the pad layer includes one or more bonding pads bonded with the cover bonding layer, each bonding pad has a recess recessed toward the resonant body structure, and the cover bonding layer includes a protrusion part filling the recess and surrounded by the bonding pad.

Abstract: A method and system provide the ability to design a terrain surface. A triangular surface mesh representative of an existing surface is obtained and consists of triangles that are connected by vertices and edges. A drain intention is specified for the terrain surface through a geometry that is a point or line. The drain intention defines a drainage flow that influences a shape of the terrain surface. The mesh is modified to prevent a drain conflict between mesh triangles. A drain direction is autonomously determined for each of the mesh triangles based on the drain intention. The determination generates a drain pattern that is used to shape the terrain surface.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonator includes sequentially forming a second electrode layer, a piezoelectric layer and a first electrode layer, performing a patterning process on the first electrode layer to form a first electrode and an additional electrode spaced apart from each other and electrically isolated from each other, forming a carrier structure on a first side of the piezoelectric layer, performing a patterning process on the second electrode layer to form a second electrode, forming one or more conductive pads on a second side of the piezoelectric layer, and bonding a cover structure to the second side of the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonator includes a piezoelectric layer, a first electrode layer disposed on a first side of the piezoelectric layer and including a first electrode and an additional electrode electrically isolated from each other, a second electrode layer disposed on a second side of the piezoelectric layer and including a second electrode, one or more conductive pads disposed on the second side of the piezoelectric layer and at least including an interconnection pad electrically connected to the second electrode and the additional electrode, a carrier structure disposed on the first side of the piezoelectric layer, a cover structure disposed on the second side of the piezoelectric layer and including a cover bonding layer and a cover substrate. A first cavity is disposed between the carrier structure and the piezoelectric layer. A second cavity is disposed between the cover structure and the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonator includes a bottom substrate, a piezoelectric layer disposed above the bottom substrate, a cap wafer disposed above the piezoelectric layer, a top electrode disposed on the piezoelectric layer, a bottom electrode disposed below the piezoelectric layer, a first pad metal layer disposed on and electrically connected to the top electrode. a second pad metal layer disposed on and electrically connected to the bottom electrode, a top bonding layer disposed below the cap wafer, for bonding the cap wafer with the piezoelectric layer; and a bond contacting layer disposed between the top bonding layer and each one of the first pad metal layer and the second pad metal layer.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave resonator and method for manufacturing the same, the bulk acoustic wave resonator includes: a piezoelectric layer; a first electrode layer, a carrier structure, and first and second conductive connectors disposed on a first side of the piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode layer, an interconnection pad and a cover structure disposed on a second side of the piezoelectric layer, wherein the first electrode layer includes a first electrode and an additional electrode electrically isolated from each other; the second electrode layer includes a second electrode; the interconnection pad is electrically connected to the second electrode and the additional electrode; a first cavity is disposed between the carrier structure and the piezoelectric layer; the first conductive connector is electrically connected to the first electrode, the second conductive connector is electrically connected to the second electrode through the additional electrode and the interconnection pad.

Abstract: In a power line communication (PLC) method, a primary routing device may obtain a device access status of a first secondary routing device. When a device access status of a first secondary routing device is a first state, it indicates that no user equipment accesses a first secondary routing device. In this case, a primary routing device may allocate a transmission opportunity in a second time segment subsequent to a first time segment of a transmission management cycle to the first secondary routing device.

Abstract: A method and system provide the ability to design a terrain surface. A triangular surface mesh representative of an existing surface is obtained and consists of triangles that are connected by vertices and edges. A drain intention is specified for the terrain surface through a geometry that is a point or line. The drain intention defines a drainage flow that influences a shape of the terrain surface. The mesh is modified to prevent a drain conflict between mesh triangles. A drain direction is autonomously determined for each of the mesh triangles based on the drain intention. The determination generates a drain pattern that is used to shape the terrain surface.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave resonator and method for manufacturing the same, the bulk acoustic wave resonator includes: a piezoelectric layer; a first electrode layer, a carrier structure, and first and second conductive connectors disposed on a first side of the piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode layer, an interconnection pad and a cover structure disposed on a second side of the piezoelectric layer, wherein the first electrode layer includes a first electrode and an additional electrode electrically isolated from each other; the second electrode layer includes a second electrode; the interconnection pad is electrically connected to the second electrode and the additional electrode; a first cavity is disposed between the carrier structure and the piezoelectric layer; the first conductive connector is electrically connected to the first electrode, the second conductive connector is electrically connected to the second electrode through the additional electrode and the interconnection pad.

Abstract: A method and system provide the ability to design a terrain surface. A triangular surface mesh representative of an existing surface is obtained and consists of triangles that are connected by vertices and edges. A drain intention is specified for the terrain surface through a geometry that is a point or line. The drain intention defines a drainage flow that influences a shape of the terrain surface. The mesh is modified using a Voronoi diagram that prevents a drain conflict between mesh triangles. A drain direction is autonomously determined a for each of the mesh triangles based on the drain intention. The determination generates a drain pattern that is used to shape the terrain surface.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonator includes forming a top electrode layer, a piezoelectric layer, and a bottom electrode layer above a bottom substrate, forming a first pad metal layer that contacts the top electrode, forming a second pad metal layer that contacts the bottom electrode, forming a bond contacting layer that partially covers each one of the first pad metal layer and the second pad metal layer, forming a top bonding layer on a cap wafer, and bonding the cap wafer onto the piezoelectric layer via the bond contacting layer and the bonding layer.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonator includes a bottom substrate, a piezoelectric layer disposed above the bottom substrate, a cap wafer disposed above the piezoelectric layer, a top electrode disposed on the piezoelectric layer, a bottom electrode disposed below the piezoelectric layer, a first pad metal layer disposed on and electrically connected to the top electrode. a second pad metal layer disposed on and electrically connected to the bottom electrode, a top bonding layer disposed below the cap wafer, for bonding the cap wafer with the piezoelectric layer; and a bond contacting layer disposed between the top bonding layer and each one of the first pad metal layer and the second pad metal layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method for extracting pectin rich in RG-I, in particular to an ultrasound and pressure assisted method for extracting pectin rich in RG-I. The main process includes: dispersing sieved citrus peel powers in alkaline solution containing sodium borohydride (20 to 50 mM); performing an ultrasound and pressure combined treatment on the above solution at 25 to 40° C., the treatment conditions include: static pressure of 0.2 to 0.4 MPa, ultrasonic intensity of 0.5 to 3.5 W/mL, and treatment time of 20 to 40 min; centrifuging the ultrasonically processed solution to remove residues, and sequentially carrying out precipitation with ethanol (50% to 80% v/v), precipitant dialysis (3000 to 3500 Da), and vacuum freeze drying on the extracted solution to obtain pectic polysaccharide.

Abstract: A method and system provide the ability to design a terrain surface. A triangular surface mesh in three-dimensions representative of an existing surface is obtained. One or more constraints to control the triangular surface mesh are specified. The specifying includes defining multiple basic grading element constraints that are constraints on surface points of the existing surface, and combining such constraints into a complex grading element constraint that matches a real world grading behavior. Drainage for the triangular surface mesh is automatically determined based on the complex grading element constraint.

Abstract: A method and system provide the ability to design a terrain surface. A triangular surface mesh representative of an existing surface is obtained. One or more constraints to control the triangular surface mesh are specified. Drainage for the triangular surface mesh is automatically determined based on the constraints. The triangular surface mesh is optimized based on the drainage and one or more design options. The optimizing modifies the triangular surface mesh to define drainage flow for the drainage.

Abstract: A method and system provide the ability to design a terrain surface. A triangular surface mesh representative of an existing surface is obtained and consists of triangles that are connected by vertices and edges. A drain intention is specified for the terrain surface through a geometry that is a point or line. The drain intention defines a drainage flow that influences a shape of the terrain surface. The mesh is modified using a Voronoi diagram that prevents a drain conflict between mesh triangles. A drain direction is autonomously determined a for each of the mesh triangles based on the drain intention. The determination generates a drain pattern that is used to shape the terrain surface.