Abstract: A device comprising: a first substrate; and a second substrate bonded to the first substrate via an innermost bond, an outermost bond, and bonds between the innermost bond and the outermost bond, the second substrate comprising a through-hole and an axis extending through the through-hole. Each of the bonds has a strength, and the strength of the bonds increases sequentially from the innermost bond to the outermost bond. The strength of each bond is sufficiently low such that the bonds fail in response to liquid (within a cavity defined by the first substrate, a third substrate, and the through-hole of the second substrate) exerting pressure on the first substrate instead of the first substrate failing. Each of the bonds are configured to fail at approximately the same pressure exerted upon the first substrate by the liquid. Additionally disclosed is a method of manufacturing the device.

Abstract: A glass manufacturing apparatus can include a first elongated member, a second elongated member, and an elongated anvil member aligned with a space disposed between the first elongated member and the second elongated member. Methods can include rotating the first elongated member and the second elongated member while the elongated anvil member contacts a first major surface of the glass ribbon. In another embodiment, a glass manufacturing apparatus can include a first and second row of suction cups, and an elongated anvil member. The elongated anvil member can be engaged with a first major surface of the glass ribbon between the first and second row of suction cups that are attached to the first major surface of the glass ribbon. The glass manufacturing apparatus is configured to produce a score line on the second major surface of the glass ribbon along the elongated anvil member.

Abstract: Provided are a modified Klenow fragment and an application thereof; specifically provided is a modified Klenow fragment, wherein at least one position or functionally equivalent position among F762, A842, I709 and P603 in the amino acid sequence of the modified Klenow fragment contains at least one amino acid substitution mutation. The modified Klenow fragment has higher DNA polymerase activity than a wild-type Klenow fragment and can be applied to sequencing.

Abstract: A method for separating a glass sheet from a glass ribbon is provided in which the glass ribbon has a bead region and a quality region. The method includes scoring a score line across a surface of the quality region and applying an energy source, such as a burner or laser, to at least one surface of the bead region so as to generate a thermal gradient between the surface and the center of the bead region in the thickness direction.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for processing a glass sheet having opposing, first and second major surfaces. The glass sheet is delivered to a pre-positioning station. The pre-positioning station is operated to spray a liquid onto the first major surface to stabilize the glass sheet. The stabilized glass sheet is delivered to a washing station. The washing station is operated to wash the glass sheet. The washed glass sheet is delivered to a drying station. The drying station is operated to dry the glass sheet. With some methods of the present disclosure, by stabilizing the glass sheet at the pre-positioning station immediately prior to the washing station, the likelihood of physical contact between the glass sheet and components of the washing station are minimized.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for processing a glass sheet are disclosed. A first plurality of fluid outlets are directed at a first major surface of a glass sheet and a second plurality of fluid nozzles are directed at a second major surface of the glass sheet. The first plurality of fluid nozzles and second plurality of fluid nozzles are spaced apart at an adjustable gap, and the gap can be increased or decreased during processing the glass sheet. The apparatus and methods can be used to reduce bow in a glass sheet.

Abstract: An air knife for discharging a stream of gas onto a sheet of material. The air knife includes a main body including an inlet portion and an outlet portion, and a plurality of inlet ports. The inlet portion defines a plenum. The outlet portion defines an exit orifice in fluid communication with the plenum. The inlet ports project from the inlet portion and each inlet port comprises a passageway in fluid communication with the plenum. In some embodiments, the inlet ports project from a rear, or trailing, wall of the main body. In other embodiments, the outlet portion terminates at an exit face in which the exit orifice is formed, with a tip region of the outlet portion forming a taper angle of not more than 90 degrees in extension to the exit face.

Abstract: A glass manufacturing apparatus can include a first elongated member, a second elongated member, and an elongated anvil member aligned with a space disposed between the first elongated member and the second elongated member. Methods can include rotating the first elongated member and the second elongated member while the elongated anvil member contacts a first major surface of the glass ribbon. In another embodiment, a glass manufacturing apparatus can include a first and second row of suction cups, and an elongated anvil member. The elongated anvil member can be engaged with a first major surface of the glass ribbon between the first and second row of suction cups that are attached to the first major surface of the glass ribbon. The glass manufacturing apparatus is configured to produce a score line on the second major surface of the glass ribbon along the elongated anvil member.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method of manufacturing a glass article having a three-dimensional shape includes heating a glass article blank to a temperature above a setting temperature and coupling the glass article blank to an open-faced mold. The open-faced mold includes a molding region that has a three-dimensional shape that generally corresponds to the shape of the glass article and has an anisothermal temperature profile within the molding region. The method further includes maintaining an anisothermal temperature profile along the glass article blank and cooling the glass article blank while the glass article blank is coupled to the molding region of the open-faced mold to set the shape of the glass article.

Abstract: A glass manufacturing apparatus may be configured to facilitate a process of separating a glass ribbon along a separation path extending across a width of the glass ribbon. In one example, the glass manufacturing apparatus comprises at least one anvil-side vacuum port defined by an elongated nose and an elongated anvil member. The anvil-side vacuum port is configured to remove glass debris during the process of separating the glass ribbon. In another example, the glass manufacturing apparatus comprises a scoring device and a score-side vacuum port configured to remove glass debris generated during the process of separating the glass ribbon.

Abstract: A glass manufacturing apparatus may be configured to facilitate a process of separating a glass ribbon along a separation path extending across a width of the glass ribbon. In one example, the glass manufacturing apparatus comprises at least one anvil-side vacuum port defined by an elongated nose and an elongated anvil member. The anvil-side vacuum port is configured to remove glass debris during the process of separating the glass ribbon. In another example, the glass manufacturing apparatus comprises a scoring device and a score-side vacuum port configured to remove glass debris generated during the process of separating the glass ribbon.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method of manufacturing a glass article having a three-dimensional shape includes heating a glass article blank to a temperature above a setting temperature and coupling the glass article blank to an open-faced mold. The open-faced mold includes a molding region that has a three-dimensional shape that generally corresponds to the shape of the glass article and has an anisothermal temperature profile within the molding region. The method further includes maintaining an anisothermal temperature profile along the glass article blank and cooling the glass article blank while the glass article blank is coupled to the molding region of the open-faced mold to set the shape of the glass article.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method of manufacturing a glass article having a three-dimensional shape includes heating a glass article blank to a temperature above a setting temperature and coupling the glass article blank to an open-faced mold. The open-faced mold includes a molding region that has a three-dimensional shape that generally corresponds to the shape of the glass article and has an anisothermal temperature profile within the molding region. The method further includes maintaining an anisothermal temperature profile along the glass article blank and cooling the glass article blank while the glass article blank is coupled to the molding region of the open-faced mold to set the shape of the glass article.

Abstract: Non-contact, liquid-ejecting bearings (3) are provided for conveying flexible glass sheets (13), such as LCD substrates, at high conveyance speeds, e.g., speeds of 15 meters/minute and above. The operating parameters and physical properties of the bearings satisfy at least one of the following conditions: (a) the average flow rate from the bearing's orifices (22) is in the range of 100-800 milliliters/minute/orifice; (b) the orifices' average horizontal pitch (P) is in the range of 20-55 millimeters; and/or (c) the orifices' average size (e.g., D0) is in the range of 1.0-4.5 millimeters. The bearings (3) can reduce the time-averaged, peak-to-peak variation in the spacing between a LCD substrate (13) traveling at 15 meters/minute and the face (20) of the bearing (3) to less than 100 microns, thus reducing the chances that the bearing (3) will lose control of the substrate (13) or that the substrate (13) will hit the bearing (3).

Abstract: A process using a three-piece mold for making a three-dimensionally shaped glass article having a flat area and a curved/bend area is disclosed. The process includes placing a glass sheet on a mold having a shaping surface with a desired surface profile for the shaped glass article including a flat area and a bend area, moving a flat area plunger toward the glass sheet to compress the glass sheet, heating a portion of the glass sheet corresponding to an area above the bend area of the mold to a temperature above a forming temperature, and moving a bend area plunger toward the heated glass sheet to compress the heated glass sheet. A temperature of the glass sheet in the area above the bend area of the mold is higher than a temperature of the glass sheet in the area above the flat area of the mold when compressing the heated glass sheet with the bend area plunger.

Abstract: A process using a three-piece mold for making a three-dimensionally shaped glass article having a flat area and a curved/bend area is disclosed. The process includes placing a glass sheet on a mold having a shaping surface with a desired surface profile for the shaped glass article including a flat area and a bend area, moving a flat area plunger toward the glass sheet to compress the glass sheet, heating a portion of the glass sheet corresponding to an area above the bend area of the mold to a temperature above a forming temperature, and moving a bend area plunger toward the heated glass sheet to compress the heated glass sheet. A temperature of the glass sheet in the area above the bend area of the mold is higher than a temperature of the glass sheet in the area above the flat area of the mold when compressing the heated glass sheet with the bend area plunger.

Abstract: A process using a three-piece mold for making a three-dimensionally shaped glass article having a flat area and a curved/bend area is disclosed. The process includes placing a glass sheet on a mold having a shaping surface with a desired surface profile for the shaped glass article including a flat area and a bend area, moving a flat area plunger toward the glass sheet to compress the glass sheet, heating a portion of the glass sheet corresponding to an area above the bend area of the mold to a temperature above a forming temperature, and moving a bend area plunger toward the heated glass sheet to compress the heated glass sheet. A temperature of the glass sheet in the area above the bend area of the mold is higher than a temperature of the glass sheet in the area above the flat area of the mold when compressing the heated glass sheet with the bend area plunger.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for etching flexible glass sheets (13) in which the sheets (13) are transported in a vertical or near vertical orientation past non-contact, liquid-ejecting bearings (3) which apply an etching solution (e.g., an aqueous NaF/H3PO4 solution) to one or both sides of the sheets (13). In certain embodiments, the uppermost liquid-ejecting bearing (3) is above the top edge of the sheet (13) and thus is able to apply etching solution to the top of the sheet. In other embodiments, a top shower (11), which includes a set of spray nozzles (21) located above and distributed along the length of the apparatus, is used to apply etching solution to the top of the sheet (13). Using the disclosed methods and apparatus, glass sheets (13) produced by a fusion process are provided which have areas greater than five square meters and average surface roughness values in the range of 0.5 nanometers to 1.1 nanometers.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method of manufacturing a glass article having a three-dimensional shape includes heating a glass article blank to a temperature above a setting temperature and coupling the glass article blank to an open-faced mold. The open-faced mold includes a molding region that has a three-dimensional shape that generally corresponds to the shape of the glass article and has an anisothermal temperature profile within the molding region. The method further includes maintaining an anisothermal temperature profile along the glass article blank and cooling the glass article blank while the glass article blank is coupled to the molding region of the open-faced mold to set the shape of the glass article.

Abstract: A process using a three-piece mold for making a three-dimensionally shaped glass article having a flat area and a curved/bend area is disclosed. The process includes placing a glass sheet on a mold having a shaping surface with a desired surface profile for the shaped glass article including a flat area and a bend area, moving a flat area plunger toward the glass sheet to compress the glass sheet, heating a portion of the glass sheet corresponding to an area above the bend area of the mold to a temperature above a forming temperature, and moving a bend area plunger toward the heated glass sheet to compress the heated glass sheet. A temperature of the glass sheet in the area above the bend area of the mold is higher than a temperature of the glass sheet in the area above the flat area of the mold when compressing the heated glass sheet with the bend area plunger.