Abstract: A screw cap removing and tightening device comprises: an elongate plate member formed to provide a front gripping member at its front end, a plurality of longitudinally equal spaced teeth members in the intermediate portion, a cylindrical channel member at its rear end, and a slightly slopped downward member connecting the intermediate portion and the rear end; surrounding means which substantially surrounds the intermediate portion of the elongate plate member and is slidably movable along the elongate plate member; locking means movably secured to the surrounding means for preventing a rearward movement of the surrounding means; a rear gripping member supported and confined by the surrounding means; and rotating and twisting means contained by the cylindrical channel member and engaged with the surrounding means.

Abstract: A paper clip formed in one piece comprises: a top member with an opening, a bottom member having a lower portion and a tilted upper portion integrally connected by a joint portion at their front ends, and a web portion integrally connected the top member and the lower portion of the bottom member at their rear ends. The upper portion of the bottom member is confined within the opening of the top member and is located in substantially the same plane as is the top member whenever the clip is not being used. The upper portion of the bottom member is resiliently bendable toward the lower portion, and the top and bottom member are resiliently separable to receive and hold papers between substantially the entire bodies of the top member and the upper portion of the bottom members. The paper clip has a unique characteristic of distributing a uniform clamping force to the top and bottom members by constantly maintaining a parallel relationship between the top member and the upper portion of the bottom member.