Abstract: In the present invention, the pure Cu film is deposited on the CuMn film and the Mn atoms are induced to diffuse within the dielectric layer. The barrier properties of this self-forming barrier are sensitive to the thickness, the annealing temperature, the annealing time and the impurity concentration of itself. The bi-layer structure reduces the resistance of the barrier and improves the surface morphology during the electroplating process because the Mn atoms will be more easily corroded and oxidized in sulfuric acid with respect to the Cu. After annealing, the thermal stability and the barrier properties of the Cu/CuMn films is better than either single Cu film or single CuMn film.

Abstract: A method for forming a metal silicide layer is disclosed. The method includes the steps of: forming a first metal layer with a thickness less than 10 nm on a silicon substrate; forming a second metal layer with a thickness more than 10 nm on the first metal layer; annealing the metal layers and the silicon substrate, so that a part of the second metal layer penetrates through the first metal layer, and both the part of the second metal layer penetrating through the first metal layer and a part of the first metal layer react with the silicon substrate to form the metal silicide layer, while the remaining part of the first and second metal layers form a third metal layer; and removing the third metal layer, so that the metal silicide layer can be formed in the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: An antenna array comprises a substrate, radiation conductors, a first transmission network, a second transmission network, support members and a grounding plane. The radiation conductors are symmetrically arranged on the substrate. The first transmission network has a first feeder point and feed arms connected to the radiation conductors, wherein each feed arm of the first transmission network and the radiation conductor connected to the feed arm include an angle of 80-100 degrees. The second transmission network has a second feeder point and feed arms connected to the radiation conductors, wherein each feed arm of the second transmission network and the radiation conductor connected to the feed arm include an angle of 80-100 degrees. The radiation conductors, the first transmission network and the second transmission network are all disposed on an identical surface of the substrate. The support members are used to support the substrate and assembled to the grounding plane.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a broadband antenna, which comprises a radiation conductor, a grounding plane and a feeder cable. The radiation conductor has an inverse V shape. The radiation conductor has an elbow portion; a first leg and a second leg respectively extend from the elbow portion toward two different directions. A terminal of the second leg connects with the grounding plane. The feeder cable has a central wire and an external wire. The central wire connects with the second leg. The external wire connects with the grounding plane. The present invention is characterized in that only a single inverse V-shaped radiation conductor is enough to generate a baseband resonant mode and a frequency multiplication resonant mode for the antenna system, and that the present invention has a simple structure and needn't use a short-circuit member.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an antenna conductor layout method and an antenna array fabricated thereby. The antenna array of the present invention comprises a first conductor array having a plurality of first conductors arranged on a substrate to have a rectangular layout and a second conductor array having a plurality of second conductors also arranged on the substrate to have a rectangular layout. The first and second conductor arrays are arranged to form a symmetric antenna array, wherein the conductors are space-efficiently disposed without interfering with the radiation pattern, whereby designing the mechanism and installing the antenna becomes easier.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a dual-frequency antenna, which comprises a radiation conductor, an extension conductor, a feeder member, a short-circuit member, and a ground plane. The radiation conductor has a first terminal and a second terminal, which are arranged close to each other but do not contact each other. The extension conductor is connected to the second terminal and disposed along the contour of the first terminal to have a gap between the extension conductor and the first terminal. The feeder member is connected to the radiation conductor. One end of the short-circuit member is connected to the radiation conductor, and the other end is connected to the ground plane. The radiation conductor generates a low-frequency resonant mode and a first high-frequency resonant mode. In the present invention, a single radiation conductor generates two resonant modes to form the operational frequency bands of the dual-frequency antenna.

Abstract: An annular antenna is composed of a ground plane, a short-circuit conductor, a radiation conductor and a parasitic conductor. The radiation conductor has a connection member and a feeder member. Two ends of the short-circuit member are respectively connected to the ground plane and connection member. The feeder member is close to the ground plane and has a notch. The short-circuit conductor and radiation conductor run along the ground plane defining an in-annular area. The radiation conductor has a first coupling edge beside the in-annular area. The parasitic conductor is inside the in-annular area with one end coupled to the ground plane and a second coupling edge along the first coupling edge. The first and second coupling edges have a gap therebetween. The radiation and parasitic conductors respectively excite low-frequency and high-frequency resonant modes. The annular antenna covers multiple frequency bands, has UWB features and simplified structure and favors mass-production.