Abstract: A high-voltage semiconductor device structure is provided. The high-voltage semiconductor device structure includes a semiconductor substrate, a source ring in the semiconductor substrate, and a drain region in the semiconductor substrate. The high-voltage semiconductor device structure also includes a doped ring surrounding sides and a bottom of the source ring and a well region surrounding sides and bottoms of the drain region and the doped ring. The well region has a conductivity type opposite to that of the doped ring. The high-voltage semiconductor device structure further includes a conductor electrically connected to the drain region and extending over and across a periphery of the well region. In addition, the high-voltage semiconductor device structure includes a shielding element ring between the conductor and the semiconductor substrate. The shielding element ring extends over and across the periphery of the well region.

Abstract: A method of process technology assessment is provided. The method includes: defining a scope of the process technology assessment, the scope comprising an original process technology and a first process technology; modeling a first object in an integrated circuit into a resistance domain and a capacitance domain; generating a first resistance scaling factor and a first capacitance scaling factor based on the modeling, the original process technology, and the first process technology; and utilizing, by an electronic design automation (EDA) tool, the first resistance scaling factor and the first capacitance scaling factor for simulation of the integrated circuit.

Abstract: A data error-detecting method for detecting errors before C1 decoding procedure is provided. First, a bit modulation is performed for modulating data channel bits obtained from an optical disk into 8-bit data. When the data channel bits is determined to introduce a legal mapping, an erasure bit having a first value is derived and tagged at the modulated 8-bit data, otherwise an erasure bit having a second value is derived and tagged at the modulated 8-bit data. After the 8-bit data being arranged as a codeword composed of 32 erasure bits respectively tagged with 32 8-bit data, counting the number of the modulated 8-bit data tagged with the erasure bit having the second value. When the counted number is less than 4, the codeword composed modulated 8-bits data tagged with the erasure bits having the second value can be corrected.

Abstract: A method is proposed for utilizing a memory of a de-interleaving unit comprising the steps of determining a size of the memory according to a maximal symbol number of a data frame, a delay value, an adjustable parameter, and a half of a total symbol number of the data frame; accessing the memory according to a write memory address determined by a first algorithm during data buffering; and accessing the memory according to a read memory address determined by a second algorithm during data retrieving. The conventional access method has the drawback of ineffective use of the memory space of the de-interleaving unit, while the proposed method uses only about half the memory space for implementation.

Abstract: A scrambling method for generating recording data onto a disc includes vertically scrambling main data, which is stored in DRAM, to generate PO, wherein the scrambled data due to generate PO is not stored in DRAM; then scrambling data again to generate PI; the scrambled data due to generating PI adds with ID, IED, RSV, EDC, PI, and PO, arranging in orders and recording onto a disc.

Abstract: A PDMS valve-less micro pump structure includes a PDMS body having a contour surface, a membrane covering the contour surface of the PDMS body, and a PZT actuator located on the membrane. The contour surface of the PDMS body to be sealed by the membrane and the PZT actuator has in series a lead-in cavity, a lead-in nozzle structure, a main cavity, a lead-out nozzle structure, and a lead-out cavity. The PZT actuator is located right above the main cavity. By providing the PDMS as a material to form the body of the micro pump, the micro pump can then be mass-produced with less cost and simpler structuring. Also, substantial elasticity and bio-compatibility for the micro pump can be achieved.

Abstract: An encoding method for recording gap regions or sectors having repeated data is disclosed. At least one sector is entirely encoded and stored in a memory buffer of the optical recording system. If the currently encoded are gap regions or sector having repeated data embedded in the fields of user data, only those portions affected by the modified header will be encoded to derive associated P code and Q code. The error detection code is firstly generated in the mode 1 standard when a gap region is encoded. P code is then encoded for those regions affected by the sequentially modified header and error detection code, while associated Q code is then derived according the modified header, error detection code, and P code. In the mode 2 form 1 and mode form 2 standards, only those regions affected by the sequentially modified header should be re-encoded again.

Abstract: A C3 module in an optical storage apparatus and operation method thereof are disclosed. When the format of data to be read is audio, the C3 module enters a power saving mode. When the data format is non-audio, the C3 module enters an operation mode. The C3 module has an error correction module and an error detection module. When the error correction module is operating, the error detection module enters the power saving mode. When the operation of the error detection module is finished, the error correction module enters a power saving mode. When the error detection module is operating, the error correction module enters the power saving mode. When the operation of the error detection module is finished, the error detection module enters the power saving mode.

Abstract: A data error-detecting method for detecting errors before C1 decoding procedure is provided. First, a bit modulation is performed for modulating data channel bits obtained from an optical disk into 8-bit data. When the data channel bits is determined to introduce a legal mapping, an erasure bit having a first value is derived and tagged at the modulated 8-bit data, otherwise an erasure bit having a second value is derived and tagged at the modulated 8-bit data. After the 8-bit data being arranged as a codeword composed of 32 erasure bits respectively tagged with 32 8-bit data, counting the number of the modulated 8-bit data tagged with the erasure bit having the second value. When the counted number is less than 4, the codeword composed modulated 8-bits data tagged with the erasure bits having the second value can be corrected.

Abstract: A method is proposed for utilizing a memory of a de-interleaving unit comprising the steps of determining a size of the memory according to a maximal symbol number of a data frame, a delay value, an adjustable parameter, and a half of a total symbol number of the data frame; accessing the memory according to a write memory address determined by a first algorithm during data buffering; and accessing the memory according to a read memory address determined by a second algorithm during data retrieving. The conventional access method has the drawback of ineffective use of the memory space of the de-interleaving unit, while the proposed method uses only about half the memory space for implementation.

Abstract: A scrambling method for generating recording data onto a disc includes vertically scrambling main data, which is stored in DRAM, to generate PO, wherein the scrambled data due to generate PO is not stored in DRAM; then scrambling data again to generate PI; the scrambled data due to generating PI adds with ID, IED, RSV, EDC, PI, and PO, arranging in orders and recording onto a disc.

Abstract: A continuous burn process of a storage medium, performed when the buffer is buffer under run, is disclosed. Whether the data buffer is buffer under run is firstly detected. If buffer under run is to occur to the data buffer, the currently written data block is an incomplete data block. The incomplete data block includes at least a synchronous frame and an incomplete data frame, which is the last data to be burned. The write operation is paused then. When the data in the data buffer reaches a predetermined amount, a new data is written into a superimposed data region of the incomplete data frame. The data in the data buffer is then continuously burned into the subsequent data frame adjacent to the incomplete data frame.

Abstract: A method is proposed for accessing the memory of a de-interleaving unit. The conventional access method has the drawback of ineffective use of the memory space of the de-interleaving unit, while the proposed method uses only about half the memory space for implementation. The proposed method utilizes a specially-formulated write-operation interleaving algorithm to write data into the memory of the de-interleaving unit, and subsequently utilizes a specially-formulated read-operation de-interleaving algorithm to read data from the memory of the de-interleaving unit.

Abstract: An encoding method for recording gap regions or sectors having repeated data is disclosed. At least one sector is entirely encoded and stored in a memory buffer of the optical recording system. If the currently encoded are gap regions or sector having repeated data embedded in the fields of user data, only those portions affected by the modified header will be encoded to derive associated P code and Q code. The error detection code is firstly generated in the mode 1 standard when a gap region is encoded. P code is then encoded for those regions affected by the sequentially modified header and error detection code, while associated Q code is then derived according the modified header, error detection code, and P code. In the mode 2 form 1 and mode form 2 standards, only those regions affected by the sequentially modified header should be re-encoded again.

Abstract: A method is proposed for accessing the memory of a de-interleaving unit. The conventional access method has the drawback of ineffective use of the memory space of the de-interleaving unit, while the proposed method uses only about half the memory space for implementation. The proposed method utilizes a specially-formulated write-operation interleaving algorithm to write data into the memory of the de-interleaving unit, and subsequently utilizes a specially-formulated read-operation de-interleaving algorithm to read data from the memory of the de-interleaving unit.

Abstract: A C3 module in an optical storage apparatus and operation method thereof are disclosed. When the format of data to be read is audio, the C3 module enters a power saving mode. When the data format is non-audio, the C3 module enters an operation mode. The C3 module has an error correction module and an error detection module. When the error correction module is operating, the error detection module enters the power saving mode. When the operation of the error detection module is finished, the error correction module enters a power saving mode. When the error detection module is operating, the error correction module enters the power saving mode. When the operation of the error detection module is finished, the error detection module enters the power saving mode.

Abstract: A continuous burn process of a storage medium, performed when the buffer is buffer under run, is disclosed. Whether the data buffer is buffer under run is firstly detected. If buffer under run is to occur to the data buffer, the currently written data block is an incomplete data block. The incomplete data block includes at least a synchronous frame and an incomplete data frame, which is the last data to be burned. The write operation is paused then. When the data in the data buffer reaches a predetermined amount, a new data is written into a superimposed data region of the incomplete data frame. The data in the data buffer is then continuously burned into the subsequent data frame adjacent to the incomplete data frame.

Abstract: A data error-correction method, applied in an optical storage device, for correction an original data read from an optical storage media. A bit modulation is performed on the original data. The data is thus checked to see if the original data is error. If error exists, an error bit is added to the error-contained modulated data. An error-correction procedure is carried out to correct error in the error-contained modulated data.

Abstract: An encoding method for recording gap regions or sectors having repeated data is disclosed. At least one sector is entirely encoded and stored in a memory buffer of the optical recording system. If the currently encoded are gap regions or sector having repeated data embedded in the fields of user data, only those portions affected by the modified header will be encoded to derive associated P code and Q code. The error detection code is firstly generated in the mode 1 standard when a gap region is encoded. P code is then encoded for those regions affected by the sequentially modified header and error detection code, while associated Q code is then derived according the modified header, error detection code, and P code. In the mode 2 form 1 and mode form 2 standards, only those regions affected by the sequentially modified header should be re-encoded again.