Abstract: A method for forming semiconductor devices includes providing a substrate with a conductive pad formed thereon; forming a transparent structure over the substrate, wherein the transparent structure includes a plurality of collimating pillars adjacent to the conductive pad; forming a light-shielding structure over the plurality of collimating pillars and the conductive pad; performing a cutting process to remove one or more materials directly above the conductive pad, while leaving remaining material to cover the conductive pad, wherein the material includes a portion of the light-shielding structure; and performing an etching process to remove the remaining material to expose the conductive pad.

Abstract: A method of generating knowledge graph, performed by a processing device, includes: obtaining a knowledge document, performing word segmentation and part-of-speech tagging on the knowledge document to generate a number of tagged words, obtaining a number of sentences from the tagged words according to a default sentence pattern, wherein each of the sentences includes a subject, an adverb, a verb and an object, and the adverb corresponding to an adverb type, for each of the sentences, performing: using the subject as a first entity of a triple, using the object as a second entity of the triple, and using the adverb type and the verb as a relation in the triple, and forming a knowledge graph using the triple corresponding to each of the sentences.

Abstract: A method for predicting clinical severity of a neurological disorder includes steps of: a) identifying, according to a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image of a brain, brain image regions each of which contains a respective portion of diffusion index values of a diffusion index, which results from image processing performed on the MRI image; b) for one of the brain image regions, calculating a characteristic parameter based on the respective portion of the diffusion index values; and c) calculating a severity score that represents the clinical severity of the neurological disorder of the brain based on the characteristic parameter of the one of the brain image regions via a prediction model associated with the neurological disorder.

Abstract: A memory array and an operation method of the memory array are provided. The memory array includes first and second ferroelectric memory devices formed along a gate electrode, a channel layer and a ferroelectric layer between the gate electrode and the channel layer. The ferroelectric memory devices include: a common source/drain electrode and two respective source/drain electrodes, separately in contact with a side of the channel layer opposite to the ferroelectric layer, wherein the common source/drain electrode is disposed between the respective source/drain electrodes; and first and second auxiliary gates, capacitively coupled to the channel layer, wherein the first auxiliary gate is located between the common source/drain electrode and one of the respective source/drain electrodes, and the second auxiliary gate is located between the common source/drain electrode and the other respective source/drain electrode.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are provided for image stabilization for the output of analog-to-digital converters (ADC) and for phase-locked loops (PLL). The digital coding at the output of ADCs and PLLs is filtered by this method and apparatus to eliminate the noise which has contaminated the coding. The noise sources are noise picked up by the cable, system board noise, ADC power and ground noise paths, and switching noise. The differences of energy level of sequential pixels in the ADC and PLL digital outputs used in image displays are used to decide if correction is required. The method of image noise filtering is compatible with programmable circuitry. This allows the method to be tuned for optimal image stabilization.

Abstract: An analog color video signal is inputted to a chip, which converts the analog signal into digital video signal. The digital color difference signals are then converted into three primary color format. Then a format detector detects the resolution and the scanning format. If the video signal is of interlaced scanning format, the detector unit removes the interlacing and converts the interlace into progressive format. The video signal is enhanced by a enhancing unit and adjusted to fit into the frame of the display screen.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are provided for image stabilization for the output of analog-to-digital converters (ADC) and for phase-locked loops (PLL). The digital coding at the output of ADCs and PLLs is filtered by this method and apparatus to eliminate the noise which has contaminated the coding. The noise sources are noise picked up by the cable, system board noise, ADC power and ground noise paths, and switching noise. The differences of energy level of sequential pixels in the ADC and PLL digital outputs used in image displays are used to decide if correction is required. The method of image noise filtering is compatible with programmable circuitry. This allows the method to be tuned for optimal image stabilization.