Abstract: A display apparatus, including a first electrically controlled liquid crystal cell and a second electrically controlled liquid crystal cell, is proposed. The first electrically controlled liquid crystal cell includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a first liquid crystal layer, and a touch electrode layer. The first liquid crystal layer and the touch electrode layer are disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The second electrically controlled liquid crystal cell is disposed on one side of the first substrate of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal cell and overlapping the first electrically controlled liquid crystal cell. A spacer layer or a conductive layer is disposed between the first electrically controlled liquid crystal cell and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal cell, and the spacer layer or the conductive layer is disposed on a surface of the first substrate facing away from the first liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A chamber of a plasma system includes a chamber wall defining a plasma processing area, a substrate supporter configured to support a substrate in the plasma processing area, and a liner located in the plasma processing area and separating the chamber wall from the plasma processing area. A liner for a plasma system and a method for installing a liner to a plasma system are also provided.

Abstract: A gas ring for a plasma system includes a gas ring body having a surface and an insulating protective layer covering the surface. Methods of manufacturing the gas ring are also provided.

Abstract: A chamber of a plasma system includes a chamber wall defining a plasma processing area, a substrate supporter configured to support a substrate in the plasma processing area, and a liner located in the plasma processing area and separating the chamber wall from the plasma processing area. A liner for a plasma system and a method for installing a liner to a plasma system are also provided.

Abstract: A touch device includes the following elements. A touch panel has two panel analog circuits and a panel digital circuit. Two inverting modules are assembled to two neighboring sides of the touch panel respectively, electrically coupled to the two panel analog circuits, and each electrically coupled to the panel digital circuit. A controlling module is assembled to the touch panel. The two inverting modules process analog signals transmitted from the two analog circuits into digital signals that are transmitted to the controlling module through the panel digital circuit. Therefore, the touch device may decrease a layout width that is occupied by the panel analog circuit.

Abstract: A gas ring for a plasma system includes a gas ring body having a surface and an insulating protective layer covering the surface. Methods of manufacturing the gas ring are also provided.

Abstract: A touch device includes the following elements. A touch panel has two panel analog circuits and a panel digital circuit. Two inverting modules are assembled to two neighboring sides of the touch panel respectively, electrically coupled to the two panel analog circuits, and each electrically coupled to the panel digital circuit. A controlling module is assembled to the touch panel. The two inverting modules process analog signals transmitted from the two analog circuits into digital signals that are transmitted to the controlling module through the panel digital circuit. Therefore, the touch device may decrease a layout width that is occupied by the panel analog circuit.