Abstract: An apparatus and a method for cancelling an interference of each of a plurality of received signals are provided. The apparatus comprises an estimation module, an ordering module, a selection module, an equalizer, and a cancellation module. The estimation module estimates a plurality of estimated channels according to a first predetermined number of pilot-tones. The ordering module decides a decision order for processing. The selection module selects a second predetermined number of the received signals as the second predetermined number of processing signals. The equalizer estimates the estimated values, wherein each of the estimated values corresponds to a processing signal. The decision module decides a decided value for each of the estimated values. The cancellation module cancels the interference for each of the processing signals according to the corresponding decided value and the corresponding channel.

Abstract: The present invention provides for novel HCV NS3 protease replicon shuttle vectors useful for cloning in HCV polynucleotide sequences from samples of HCV-infected patients and testing the resulting replicons for drug susceptibility.

Abstract: A method for a mobile station to provide to a base station feedback of channel state information (CSI) regarding a plurality of communication channels between the mobile station and the base station. The method includes: estimating the CSI by calculating a plurality of channel responses each for one of the communication channels; compressing the estimated CSI; and sending the compressed CSI as the feedback to the base station.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of nucleoside derivatives of formula Ia wherein the symbols are as defined in the specification, and of pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of nucleoside derivatives of formula Ia wherein the symbols are as defined in the specification, and of pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of nucleoside derivatives of formula I wherein B signifies a 9-purinyl residue B1 of formula or a 1-pyrimidyl residue B2 of formula wherein the symbols are as defined in the specification, and of pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; for the treatment of diseases mediated by the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), for the preparation of a medicament for such treatment and to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds.

Abstract: A wireless communication system, an apparatus and a method for processing a received OFDM signal is provided. The wireless communication system comprises an interface and a processing apparatus. The interface is configured to receive a received OFDM signal. The processing apparatus comprises an estimation module and a calculation module. The estimation module is configured to estimate an auto-correlation matrix relating to the received OFDM signal, with the auto-correlation matrix comprising a plurality of elements. Then, the calculation module is configured to calculate an amplitude and a phase for each of the elements to determine the carrier frequency offset (CFO) and timing offset (TO) of the received OFDM signal according to the amplitudes and phases. By exploiting the auto-correlation matrix of the received OFDM signal, the CFO and TO can be derived efficiently.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of an OFDM system for compensating IQ imbalance. The apparatus includes a mixer module for mixing a wireless signal to generate a pair of in-phase and quadrature-phase analog signals; an in-phase and quadrature-phase imbalance parameter estimation unit coupled to the mixer module for estimating a gain compensation value and a phase compensation value; and a signal compensation module coupled to the in-phase and quadrature-phase imbalance parameter estimation unit for compensating the pair of in-phase and quadrature-phase analog signals for gain imbalance and phase imbalance, according to the gain compensation value and the phase compensation value respectively.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for cancelling an interference of each of a plurality of received signals are provided. The apparatus comprises an estimation module, an ordering module, a selection module, an equalizer, and a cancellation module. The estimation module estimates a plurality of estimated channels according to a first predetermined number of pilot-tones. The ordering module decides a decision order for processing. The selection module selects a second predetermined number of the received signals as the second predetermined number of processing signals. The equalizer estimates the estimated values, wherein each of the estimated values corresponds to a processing signal. The decision module decides a decided value for each of the estimated values. The cancellation module cancels the interference for each of the processing signals according to the corresponding decided value and the corresponding channel.

Abstract: A wireless communication receiving system and an apparatus and a method for deciding a transmitted signal corresponding to a received signal thereof are provided. The transmitted signal comprises a plurality of sub-transmitted signals. The system selects at least one of the sub-transmitted signals as a reference signal group, wherein each of a plurality of candidate values of the reference signal group forms a candidate geometric space respectively. The received signal is projected to each of the candidate geometric spaces to generate a projection signal respectively. In each of the candidate geometric space, the corresponding projection signal is quantized to generate a quantized projection signal having a projection distance to the corresponding projection signal. Finally, the transmitted signal is decided according the quantized projection signal and the candidate signal value corresponding to the shortest projection distance.

Abstract: Wireless transmitted system and apparatus and method for encoding a plurality of information bits to a plurality of transmitted signals thereof, and wireless received system and apparatus and method for decoding a received signal to a plurality of information bits thereof are provided. The wireless transmitted system encodes a plurality of information bits to a plurality of transmitted signals by two logic operation modules, an interleaving module, and a combination module. The wireless received system decodes a received signal to a plurality of information bits by a division module, two probability generation modules, two status calculation modules, a signal generation module and a combination module.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for deciding a channel impulse response for an OFDM system are provided. First, a channel frequency response is generated by using a plurality of pilot tones of a signal. A channel impulse response is generated by applying the IFFT to the channel frequency response. A plurality of selected channel taps are derived by comparing a plurality of channel taps related to the channel impulse response with a reference threshold. Finally, the channel impulse response is generated by calculating channel impulse respose according to the selected channel taps. This method calculates the channel impulse response in time domain and frequency domain so that the calculation complexity can be reduced, and the system efficiency can be enhanced.

Abstract: A MIMO OFDM system for TICM is provided. The tone-level interleaver at the transmitter uses a block of NT symbols as its basic unit. This results in different decoding architectures at the receiver. The main advantage of TICM is to merge soft-bit demapping into the Viterbi algorithm. Taking the advantage of the trellis structure inherent in the Viterbi algorithm, TICM can have lower computational complexity and potentially better performance than BICM with the LSD detector and the vector demapper. Although the tone-level interleaving may not have spatial diversity gain, the performance is not affected in 802.11n environments.

Abstract: In high-speed mobile environments, the channel is time-varying within an OFDM symbol. This time-varying characteristic will destroy the orthogonality among subcarriers. Thus, the intercarrier interference (ICI) will occur and the system performance will be degraded. An ICI mitigation method for high-speed mobile OFDM systems is proposed, which explores the special structure of the ICI channel matrix and applies the Newton's iterative matrix inversion method. With our formulation, fast Fourier transform (FFT) can be used to reduce the computational complexity. The object of canceling the ICI can be accomplished without the need of any extra circuit.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for estimating a clipping parameter of an OFDM system are disclosed. The apparatus includes a clipping error detection module for evaluating a received clipping error; a division module coupled to the clipping error detection module for obtaining a characteristic value according to the received clipping error; and a computation module coupled to the division module for estimating the clipping parameter according to the characteristic value.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of an OFDM system for compensating IQ imbalance. The apparatus includes a mixer module for mixing a wireless signal to generate a pair of in-phase and quadrature-phase analog signals; an in-phase and quadrature-phase imbalance parameter estimation unit coupled to the mixer module for estimating a gain compensation value and a phase compensation value; and a signal compensation module coupled to the in-phase and quadrature-phase imbalance parameter estimation unit for compensating the pair of in-phase and quadrature-phase analog signals for gain imbalance and phase imbalance, according to the gain compensation value and the phase compensation value respectively.

Abstract: A method of growing single crystal Gallium Nitride on silicon substrate is disclosed including: removing oxide layer of silicon substrate, growing buffer layer of Silicon Carbon Nitride (SiCN), and growing single crystalline Gallium Nitride thin film, characterized in that a buffer layer of SiCN is grown to avoid lattice mismatch which appears when Gallium Nitride is grown directly on silicon substrate, and that Rapid Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition is adopted to grow SiCN buffer layer, and that Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition is adopted to grow single crystalline GaN thin film.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for processing lottery sales data comprises the steps of causing display of a table on a computer, the table containing data representing lottery game attributes and lottery ticket sales for a plurality of lottery game types; enabling a user of the computer to query the data in the table based on at least one criterion from a predetermined list of criteria; and forecasting sales of a new lottery game based on results of the query.

Abstract: A new sequence and chemical composition for cleaning the surface of a halftone shift masks that use MoSiON as shifter material is provided. For purposes of repair or rework, the pellicle is removed from the mask so that the mask can be accessed. After the rework or repair has been completed, a new clean process is performed, for the new clean process the sequence of steps that is conventionally performed has been modified. After the new clean process has been completed, the pellicle is reinstalled over the surface of the mask.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of nucleoside derivatives of formula I 1