Abstract: A cryogenic laser shock device and method are provided. The device includes a cooling box, a transition chamber, a laser shock chamber, and a master control system. In the method, a sample is cooled by the cooling box, a temperature of the sample is measured in real time by a cryogenic probe, gas in the cooling box is pumped out after the temperature of the sample is stabilized to a set temperature, the cooling box is moved to the laser shock chamber in a vacuum state, and a cryogenic laser shock is implemented through cooperation of a mechanical arm and a three-dimensional motion platform.