Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for carbohydrate analysis in a flow chemistry manner. The present invention at least features continuous reactions of glycan hydrolysis in combination with saccharide labeling which is helpful to improve the existing approaches in glycan structural analysis.

Abstract: A method for forming a film is provided. The method includes sequentially placing a first wafer, a second wafer, and a third wafer in a chamber. The first wafer is separated from the second wafer by a first distance, the second wafer is separated from the third wafer by a second distance, and the first distance is smaller than the second distance. At least one process gas is introduced sequentially passing through the first wafer, the second wafer and the third wafer in the chamber.

Abstract: A wafer boat includes at least one support member, at least one set of at least one first fixture member, at least one set of at least one second fixture member, and at least one set of at least one third fixture member. The support member extends in a direction. The set of the first fixture member, the set of the second fixture member, and the set of the third fixture member are supported by the support member and sequentially arranged in the direction. The set of the first fixture member is separated from the set of the second fixture member by a first pitch, and the set of the second fixture member is separated from the set of the third fixture member by a second pitch, in which the first pitch is smaller than the second pitch.

Abstract: Provided is a method for quantitating a saccharide in a liquid sample. The method comprises incubating the liquid sample with 2,3-naphthalenediamine in the presence of iodine to allow a naphthimidazole group to be linked to the saccharide to obtain a first mixture; obtaining an 1H-NMR spectrum of the first mixture; and comparing, in said 1H-NMR spectrum, the intensity or integral of a proton signal corresponding to the saccharide to the intensity or integral of a proton signal corresponding to an internal standard present in the first mixture.

Abstract: Novel method and reagents for generating reversibly tagged saccharides, aldehydes, carboxyl acids, or orthoacetates useful in analytical and diagnostic applications are disclosed. Saccharides are coupled at the reducing end to tagging moieties comprising a reagent selected from a ortho-diaminobenzoic (DAB)-peptide, an aldo-imidazole or N-methylated aldo-imidazole, or an ortho-phenyldiamine (OPD) or substituted OPD. The tagged saccharide further comprising detectable or functional groups coupled to the tagging moiety are provided. Kits and reagents for chromatography and mass spectrometry are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is an isotope-labelled compound having a general formula IIa?, S-Y?-BIM, wherein S is a sugar moiety, Y? is an isotope-containing sensor moiety and BIM is a benzimidazole. The compound may be used as an agent for saccharide analysis by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). A new glycan sequencing method and a glycoprotein synthesis method by using these compounds are also provided.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed which are useful in increasing maturation of dendritic cells from CD14+ mononuclear cells, by contact with a composition comprising a fucose-containing glycoprotein fraction from Ganoderma lucidum. The extract can also be used for increasing production of a cytokine or a chemokine in a dendritic cell or CD19+ B cell. In addition, a fucose-containing glycoprotein fraction from Ganoderma lucidum can be administered to a subject identified as needing increased immunoglobulin, cytokine, or chemokine production.

Abstract: Compositions comprising Hirsutella sinensis mycelia extracts and chromatographically separated polysaccharide-enriched fractions thereof are provided. Methods for extracting Hirsutella sinensis mycelia are provided. Compositions for methods for their use in amelioration, prevention and treatment of sepsis, acute endotoxemia and inflammatory responses are disclosed.

Abstract: Novel method and reagents for generating reversibly tagged saccharides, aldehydes, carboxyl acids, or orthoacetates useful in analytical and diagnostic applications are disclosed. Saccharides are coupled at the reducing end to tagging moieties comprising a reagent selected from a ortho-diaminobenzoic(DAB)-peptide, an aldo-imidazole or N-methylated aldo-imidazole, or an ortho-phenyldiamine (OPD) or substituted OPD. The tagged saccharide further comprising detectable or functional groups coupled to the tagging moiety are provided. Kits and reagents for chromatography and mass spectrometry are disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are disclosed relating to use of fractions, polysaccharides, and oligosaccharides of Dendrobium huoshanense. The fractions, polysaccharides, and oligosaccharides are able to effect an increase in beneficial cytokines and chemokines.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a III-V solar cell package includes providing a solar cell having a first side and an opposite second side, forming a first insulating layer on the first side of the solar cell, forming a second insulating layer on the second side of the solar cell, forming a light-transmitting layer on the first insulating layer, forming a protection layer on the second insulating layer, and laminating the light-transmitting layer and the protection layer so as to attach the first insulating layer to the light-transmitting layer and the solar cell and to attach the second insulating layer to the protection layer and the solar cell, thereby forming a flexible solar cell package since the insulating layers, the light-transmitting layer and the protection layer are all flexible.

Abstract: A lens includes a glass substrate, and a silicone layer adhered to the glass substrate and having a pattern formed on an outer surface thereof. Since the light-transmissive silicone layer is directly adhered to the glass substrate, without the use of an adhesive layer, the fabrication cost and thickness of the lens are reduced, and the objective of thinning the lens is achieved.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the discovery of methods of isolating subfractions of an F3 Reishi extract, and of administration of these novel isolates to eukaryotic cells in order to induce certain immumodulatory, hematopoeitic and tumor-inhibiting phenotypic changes in those eukaryotic cells, mediated through particular toll-like receptor (TLR) and other transmembrane receptors. F3 subfractions F301 and F331 have demonstrated that F331 is capable of activating at least TLR-2 while F301 is capable of activating at least TLR-2, TLR-4, and TLR-5.

Abstract: Compositions comprising Hirsutella sinensis mycelia extracts and chromatographically separated polysaccharide-enriched fractions thereof are provided. Methods for extracting Hirsutella sinensis mycelia are provided. Compositions for methods for their use in amelioration, prevention and treatment of sepsis, acute endotoxemia and inflammatory responses are disclosed.

Abstract: A composition of acetic acid and a composition of acetic acid and RF3 effecting expression of DAF-16 in C. elegans, wherein the at least acetic acid and the RF3 polysaccharide is effective to increase the life-span of C. elegans or humans. A method of regulating DAF-16 expression, comprising: administering a composition comprising at least acetic acid and RF3 polysaccharide; providing the composition to at least one receptor on a surface of a cell; causing an increase in expression of DAF-16. A method for screening a series of compounds or constituents parts of compounds including some antioxidant vitamins, traditional herb medicines, and vinegars using C. elegans as a live organism model to examine to determine if they have an impact the lifespan of C. elegans and the underlying mechanism(s) thereof.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are disclosed relating to use of fractions, polysaccharides, and oligosaccharides of Dendrobium huoshanense. The fractions, polysaccharides, and oligosaccharides are able to effect an increase in beneficial cytokines and chemokines.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the discovery of methods of isolating subfractions of an F3 Reishi extract, and of administration of these novel isolates to eukaryotic cells in order to induce certain immumodulatory, hematopoeitic and tumor-inhibiting phenotypic changes in those eukaryotic cells, mediated through particular toll-like receptor (TLR) and other transmembrane receptors. F3 subfractions F301 and F331 have demonstrated that F331 is capable of activating at least TLR-2 while F301 is capable of activating at least TLR-2, TLR-4, and TLR-5.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed which are useful in increasing maturation of dendritic cells from CD14+ mononuclear cells, by contact with a composition comprising a fucose-containing glycoprotein fraction from Ganoderma lucidum. The extract can also be used for increasing production of a cytokine or a chemokine in a dendritic cell or CD19+ B cell. In addition, a fucose-containing glycoprotein fraction from Ganoderma lucidum can be administered to a subject identified as needing increased immunoglobulin, cytokine, or chemokine production.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of preparing a first alicyclic compound having a vinyl group on one alkyl ring carbon and an alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, heterocycloalkyoxy, aryloxy, or heteroaryloxy group on the same ring carbon; the method comprising reacting an aliphatic alcohol or an aromatic alcohol with a second alicyclic compound having an exo cyclic carbon-carbon double bond, wherein the non-ring olefinic carbon is substituted with a hydroxymethyl, thiomethyl, alkoxymethyl, aryloxymethyl, acyloxymethyl, alkylsulfonyloxymethyl, arylsulfonyloxymethyl, alkylsulfonylmethyl, arylsulfonylmethyl, halomethyl, or silyloxymethyl group.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of preparing a first alicyclic compound having a vinyl group on one alkyl ring carbon and an alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, heterocycloalkyoxy, aryloxy, or heteroaryloxy group on the same ring carbon; the method comprising reacting an aliphatic alcohol or an aromatic alcohol with a second alicyclic compound having an exo cyclic carbon-carbon double bond, wherein the non-ring olefinic carbon is substituted with a hydroxymethyl, thiomethyl, alkoxymethyl, aryloxymethyl, acyloxymethyl, alkylsulfonyloxymethyl, arylsulfonyloxymethyl, alkylsulfonylmethyl, arylsulfonylmethyl, halomethyl, or silyloxymethyl group.