Abstract: An apparatus includes multiple first reservoirs and multiple second reservoirs joined with a substrate. Selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs include a reducing agent, and first reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs are proximate to a first substrate surface. Selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs include an oxidizing agent, and second reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs are proximate to the first substrate surface.

Abstract: An apparatus includes multiple first reservoirs and multiple second reservoirs joined with a substrate. Selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs include a reducing agent, and first reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs are proximate to a first substrate surface. Selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs include an oxidizing agent, and second reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs are proximate to the first substrate surface.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a bioelectric hydrogel. In one embodiment, a hydrogel comprises a hydrophilic polymer base and one or more biocompatible electrodes configured to generate at least one of a low level electric field (LLEF) or low level electric current (LLEC). The hydrogel is configured to provide a three-dimensional energy source within the hydrogel or to devises proximate to the hydrogel.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a bioelectric hydrogel. In one embodiment, a hydrogel comprises a hydrophilic polymer base and one or more biocompatible electrodes configured to generate at least one of a low level electric field (LLEF) or low level electric current (LLEC). The hydrogel is configured to provide a three-dimensional energy source within the hydrogel or to devises proximate to the hydrogel.

Abstract: A resorbable bioelectric device includes multiple first reservoirs and multiple second reservoirs joined with a planar substrate. Selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs include a reducing agent, and first reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs are proximate to a first substrate surface. Selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs include an oxidizing agent, and second reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs are proximate to the first substrate surface.

Abstract: An apparatus includes multiple first reservoirs and multiple second reservoirs joined with a substrate. Selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs include a reducing agent, and first reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs are proximate to a first substrate surface. Selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs include an oxidizing agent, and second reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs are proximate to the first substrate surface.

Abstract: An apparatus includes multiple first reservoirs and multiple second reservoirs joined with a substrate. Selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs include a reducing agent, and first reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs are proximate to a first substrate surface. Selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs include an oxidizing agent, and second reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs are proximate to the first substrate surface.

Abstract: An apparatus includes multiple first reservoirs and multiple second reservoirs joined with a substrate. Selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs include a reducing agent, and first reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs are proximate to a first substrate surface. Selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs include an oxidizing agent, and second reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs are proximate to the first substrate surface.

Abstract: An apparatus includes multiple first reservoirs and multiple second reservoirs joined with a substrate. Selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs include a reducing agent, and first reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs are proximate to a first substrate surface. Selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs include an oxidizing agent, and second reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs are proximate to the first substrate surface.

Abstract: An apparatus includes multiple first reservoirs and multiple second reservoirs joined with a substrate. Selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs include a reducing agent, and first reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs are proximate to a first substrate surface. Selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs include an oxidizing agent, and second reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs are proximate to the first substrate surface.

Abstract: Described are dehydrated bioelectric treatment devices including a hydrogel that when hydrated possess the properties of a device without the hydrogel.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a bioelectric hydrogel. In one embodiment, a hydrogel comprises a hydrophilic polymer base and one or more biocompatible electrodes configured to generate at least one of a low level electric field (LLEF) or low level electric current (LLEC). The hydrogel is configured to provide a three-dimensional energy source within the hydrogel or to devises proximate to the hydrogel.

Abstract: An apparatus includes multiple first reservoirs and multiple second reservoirs joined with a substrate. Selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs include a reducing agent, and first reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs are proximate to a first substrate surface. Selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs include an oxidizing agent, and second reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs are proximate to the first substrate surface.

Abstract: An apparatus includes multiple first reservoirs and multiple second reservoirs joined with a substrate. Selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs include a reducing agent, and first reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs are proximate to a first substrate surface. Selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs include an oxidizing agent, and second reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs are proximate to the first substrate surface.

Abstract: An apparatus includes multiple first reservoirs and multiple second reservoirs joined with a substrate. Selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs include a reducing agent, and first reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs are proximate to a first substrate surface. Selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs include an oxidizing agent, and second reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs are proximate to the first substrate surface.

Abstract: An apparatus includes multiple first reservoirs and multiple second reservoirs joined with a substrate. Selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs include a reducing agent, and first reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple first reservoirs are proximate to a first substrate surface. Selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs include an oxidizing agent, and second reservoir surfaces of selected ones of the multiple second reservoirs are proximate to the first substrate surface.

Abstract: An electrophysiologically guided arrhythmia ablation system for ventricular tachycardia or other arrhythmia. The system combines a system for recording the electrical activtion time of various parts of the heart for locating an active site of the arrhythmia, with a system for delivering energy for ablation of the arrhythmia. The system has the capability of processing local myocardial electrical activation data and triggering the ablation energy source when at the active site or inhibiting the release of potentially harmful energy when the device is not at an active site. The process includes identification of an active site occurs during the 20-80%, preferably 35-50%, time period of a diastolic interval. The diastolic interval is monitored by appropriate electrical connections between the heart and a monitor. A mapping device also connects to the monitor which maps for indicating an active site.

Abstract: An electrophysiologically guided arrhythmia ablation system for ventricular tachycardia or other arrhythmias. The system includes recording the electrical activation time of various parts of the heart for locating the active site of the arrhythmia. The system has the capability of processing local myocardial electrical activation data. The process includes identification of an active site which occurs during the 20-80%, preferably 35-50%, time period of a diastolic interval. The diastolic interval is monitored by appropriate electrical connections between the heart and a monitor. A mapping device connects to the monitor which maps for indicating an active site. The active site is then a site for preferred placement of an electrode for a defibrilator.