Abstract: Compositions and methods for detecting pathogens are provided. In one aspect, a method for detecting a pathogen on or within an object comprises: providing a detection agent configured to generate a visible indication when exposed to the pathogen; contacting the detection agent with the object; and visually detecting the presence or absence of the visible indication, wherein the presence of the visible indication indicates that the pathogen is present on or within the object.

Abstract: Novel pyrone analogs are described which can enhance the effectiveness of a therapeutic agent when administered and/or reduce side effects caused by the administration of a therapeutic agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to phosphorylated polyphenols, phosphorylated flavonoids, and phosphorylated pyrone analogs. Methods and compositions for the modulation of side effects of substances using such phosphorylated compounds are described. Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of blood-tissue barrier (BTB) transporter activity to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds out of a physiological compartment and into an external environment. In particular, the methods and compositions disclosed herein provide lowered side effects when phosphorylated pyrone analogs are coadministered with therapeutic agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to phosphorylated polyphenols, phosphorylated flavonoids, and phosphorylated pyrone analogs. Methods and compositions for the modulation of side effects of substances using such phosphorylated compounds are described. Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of blood-tissue barrier (BTB) transporter activity to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds out of a physiological compartment and into an external environment. In particular, the methods and compositions disclosed herein provide lowered side effects when phosphorylated pyrone analogs are coadministered with therapeutic agents.

Abstract: Methods are described for the treatment and prevention of metabolic disorders or other diseases by administering a pyrone analog or a derivative thereof. Methods are also described for the treatment and prevention of metabolic disorders and other diseases by administering a pyrone analog, or a derivative thereof, in combination with one or more additional agents such as, for example, lipid lowering agents or glucose lowering agents. Methods are described for the modulation of lipid transporter activity to increase the efflux of lipid from a physiological compartment into an external environment. Methods disclosed herein may be used to assess treatment or prevention of a metabolic disorder following administration of a pyrone analog or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to phosphorylated polyphenols, phosphorylated flavonoids, and phosphorylated pyrone analogs. Methods and compositions for the modulation of side effects of substances using such phosphorylated compounds are described. Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of blood-tissue barrier (BTB) transporter activity to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds out of a physiological compartment and into an external environment. In particular, the methods and compositions disclosed herein provide lowered side effects when phosphorylated pyrone analogs are coadministered with therapeutic agents.

Abstract: Methods are described for the treatment and prevention of metabolic disorders or other diseases by administering a pyrone analog or a derivative thereof. Methods are also described for the treatment and prevention of metabolic disorders and other diseases by administering a pyrone analog, or a derivative thereof, in combination with one or more additional agents such as, for example, lipid lowering agents or glucose lowering agents. Methods are described for the modulation of lipid transporter activity to increase the efflux of lipid from a physiological compartment into an external environment. Methods disclosed herein may be used to assess treatment or prevention of a metabolic disorder following administration of a pyrone analog or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to phosphorylated polyphenols, phosphorylated flavonoids, and phosphorylated pyrone analogs. Methods and compositions for the modulation of side effects of substances using such phosphorylated compounds are described. Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of blood-tissue barrier (BTB) transporter activity to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds out of a physiological compartment and into an external environment. In particular, the methods and compositions disclosed herein provide lowered side effects when phosphorylated pyrone analogs are coadministered with therapeutic agents.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of hyperglycemia and/or one or more symptoms of hyperglycemia. Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of efflux transporter activity to increase the efflux of calcineurin inhibitors out of a physiological compartment and into an external environment. In particular, the methods and compositions disclosed herein provide for the increase of efflux transporter activity to increase the efflux of calcineurin inhibitor from physiological compartments.

Abstract: Novel pyrone analogs are described which can enhance the effectiveness of a therapeutic agent when administered and/or reduce side effects caused by the administration of a therapeutic agent.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of central nervous system and/or fetal effects of substances. Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of efflux transporter activity to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds out of a physiological compartment and into an external environment. In particular, the methods and compositions disclosed herein provide for the increase of efflux transporter activity at blood-brain, blood-CSF and placental-maternal barriers to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds from physiological compartments, including central nervous system and fetal compartments.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are described that comprise pyrone analogs such as flavonoids and cyclodextrins including quercetin and quercetin derivatives and sulfoalkyl ether cyclodextrins. In some cases the compounds of the invention are administered with a therapeutic agent such as an analgesic. In some cases, treatment with the compositions of the invention can result in the modulation of central nervous system and/or fetal effects of substances. Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of efflux transporter activity to increase the efflux of drugs and other compositions out of a physiological compartment and into an external environment. In particular, the methods and compositions disclosed herein provide for the increase of efflux transporter activity at blood-brain, blood-CSF and placental-maternal barriers to increase the efflux of drugs and other compositions from physiological compartments, including central nervous system and fetal compartments.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of central nervous system and/or fetal effects of substances. Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of efflux transporter activity to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds out of a physiological compartment and into an external environment. In particular, the methods and compositions disclosed herein provide for the increase of efflux transporter activity at blood-brain, blood-CSF and placental-maternal barriers to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds from physiological compartments, including central nervous system and fetal compartments.

Abstract: The invention relates to phosphorylated polyphenols, phosphorylated flavonoids, and phosphorylated pyrone analogs. Methods and compositions for the modulation of side effects of substances using such phosphorylated compounds are described. Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of blood-tissue barrier (BTB) transporter activity to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds out of a physiological compartment and into an external environment. In particular, the methods and compositions disclosed herein provide lowered side effects when phosphorylated pyrone analogs are coadministered with therapeutic agents.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of central nervous system and/or fetal effects of calcineurin inhibitors. Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of efflux transporter activity to increase the efflux of calcineurin inhibitors out of a physiological compartment and into an external environment. In particular, the methods and compositions disclosed herein provide for the increase of efflux transporter activity at Blood-Tissue, blood-CSF and placental-maternal barriers to increase the efflux of calcineurin inhibitor from physiological compartments, including central nervous system and fetal compartments.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of central nervous system and/or fetal effects of substances. Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of efflux transporter activity to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds out of a physiological compartment and into an external environment. In particular, the methods and compositions disclosed herein provide for the increase of efflux transporter activity at blood-brain, blood-CSF and placental-maternal barriers to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds from physiological compartments, including central nervous system and fetal compartments.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of central nervous system and/or fetal effects of substances. Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of efflux transporter activity to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds out of a physiological compartment and into an external environment. In particular, the methods and compositions disclosed herein provide for the increase of efflux transporter activity at blood-brain, blood-CSF and placental-maternal barriers to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds from physiological compartments, including central nervous system and fetal compartments.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of central nervous system and/or fetal effects of substances. Methods and compositions are described for the modulation of efflux transporter activity to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds out of a physiological compartment and into an external environment. In particular, the methods and compositions disclosed herein provide for the increase of efflux transporter activity at blood-brain, blood-CSF and placental-maternal barriers to increase the efflux of drugs and other compounds from physiological compartments, including central nervous system and fetal compartments.