Abstract: A cell culture medium comprising tyrosine at a concentration of at least 3 mM and polyvinylalcohol (PVA).

Abstract: It was found that TRAIL-induced death signaling was largely diminished by lysosomal degradation system. Inhibition of lysosomal degradation by small molecules led to accumulation of DR5 in lysosomes and reversed TRAIL resistance in almost all cancer cells. Redirecting TRAIL-induced signaling away from lysosomal degradation may therefore induce massive cell death and overcome TRAIL resistance. Taking advantage of bioactive protein transduction domains (PTD) and signaling peptides, such as TAT peptide from HIV TAT protein, NLS (nuclear localization signal), MTS (mitochondrial targeting sequence), a series of new TRAILs fused with these peptides was constructed. It was found that TRAIL fused with bioactive peptide exerted remarkably high potency in inducing cell death in cancer cells, but not normal cells.

Abstract: An antibody production process in mammalian cells in which engineered unpaired cysteine residues are post-translationally modified and capped with particular chemical entities, which capped antibodies are well suited to further site-specific conjugation steps to form antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) or protein drug conjugates; ADCs produced using these capped antibodies including in particular ADCs formed by the selective reduction of the capped antibodies' cysteine residues, and ADCs formed using chemical handles such as aldehyde/azide/alkyne biorthogonal groups, which permit additional drug conjugation chemistry; and uncapped antibodies produced by cells in low cysteine, cysteine and glutathione media, and ADCs produced via direct conjugation to these uncapped antibodies.

Abstract: An antibody production process in mammalian cells in which engineered unpaired cysteine residues are post-translationally modified and capped with particular chemical entities, which capped antibodies are well suited to further site-specific conjugation steps to form antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) or protein drug conjugates; ADCs produced using these capped antibodies including in particular ADCs formed by the selective reduction of the capped antibodies' cysteine residues, and ADCs formed using chemical handles such as aldehyde/azide/alkyne biorthogonal groups, which permit additional drug conjugation chemistry; and uncapped antibodies produced by cells in low cysteine, cysteine and glutathione media, and ADCs produced via direct conjugation to these uncapped antibodies.

Abstract: A cell culture medium comprising tyrosine at a concentration of at least 3 mM and polyvinylalcohol (PVA).

Abstract: An antibody production process in mammalian cells in which engineered unpaired cysteine residues are post-translationally modified and capped with particular chemical entities, which capped antibodies are well suited to further site-specific conjugation steps to form antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) or protein drug conjugates; ADCs produced using these capped antibodies including in particular ADCs formed by the selective reduction of the capped antibodies' cysteine residues, and ADCs formed using chemical handles such as aldehyde/azide/alkyne biorthogonal groups, which permit additional drug conjugation chemistry; and uncapped antibodies produced by cells in low cysteine, cysteine and glutathione media, and ADCs produced via direct conjugation to these uncapped antibodies.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a rotary piston, a piston engine comprising the rotary piston, and an engine device comprising the piston engine. The rotary piston comprises a piston body having a triangular vertical cross-section, mutually engaged large and small planetary gears fixed at the middle of the piston body, and a crankshaft running through the small planetary gear. The three angles of the triangular cross-section extend outwards to form protruded ends. The two sides of each protruded end form a compression groove and a combustion groove, respectively. The piston engine of the present disclosure comprises a shell, a crankshaft in the shell and two sets of rotary pistons, wherein the crankshaft has two ends and the two sets of rotary pistons are positioned symmetrically at the two ends of the crankshaft and separated by a holder positioned between the two sets of pistons.

Abstract: The present invention provides, among other things methods of increasing cell density, viability and/or titer in a cell culture including steps of adding a composition comprising iron to the cell culture.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for rationally designing cell culture media for use in cell cultures, e.g., cell cultures employed in polypeptide production; cell culture media designed with the disclosed methods; methods of producing a polypeptide of interest, e.g., an antibody, using such media; polypeptides produced using the methods and media disclosed herein; and pharmaceuticals compositions containing such polypeptides. The rationally designed media contain a concentration of an amino acid that is calculated for use in cell mass, a concentration of the amino acid that is calculated for use in cell maintenance, and a concentration of the amino acid that is calculated for incorporation into the polypeptide of interest.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for rationally designing cell culture media for use in cell cultures, e.g., cell cultures employed in polypeptide production; cell culture media designed with the disclosed methods; methods of producing a polypeptide of interest, e.g., an antibody, using such media; polypeptides produced using the methods and media disclosed herein; and pharmaceuticals compositions containing such polypeptides. The rationally designed media contain a concentration of an amino acid that is calculated for use in cell mass, a concentration of the amino acid that is calculated for use in cell maintenance, and a concentration of the amino acid that is calculated for incorporation into the polypeptide of interest.

Abstract: An improved system for large scale production of proteins and/or polypeptides in cell culture is provided. In accordance with the present invention, cells expressing the protein or polypeptide of interest are grown in media that comprise a glycolysis-inhibiting substance. Additionally and/or alternatively, cells expressing the protein or polypeptide of interest are grown in media in which glutamine is limited. The use of such a system allows high levels of protein or polypeptide production and lessens accumulation of undesirable metabolic waste products such as lactate. Proteins and polypeptides expressed in accordance with the present invention may be advantageously used in the preparation of pharmaceutical, immunogenic, agricultural or other commercial compositions.

Abstract: Methods and processes for improved recombinant protein production are provided. The methods are useful for production of growth factors, particularly those of the TGF-? superfamily, including bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), such as BMP-2. Suitable host cells are cultured in media where iron is present at a concentration of at least 2.25 ?M and if pyridoxal is present, it makes up less than 55% of the molar concentration of vitamin B6 in the media.

Abstract: On each draft element of a ring spinning frame, two pieces of short-staple roving from the roving bobbin enter into the draft mechanism to be drafted though a guide funnel in parallel, two pieces of filament are fed from the back of the front roller, and combine with two pieces of roving at front jaw respectively. The drafted two pieces of roving and filament are output from the front jaw and enter into the twisting triangle area to be twisted, and then are wound onto a yarn bobbin to produce yarn. Based on the relative position of the two pieces of roving and two pieces of filament, different yarns can be produced. Furthermore, multi-component yarn, such as core structure, wrapped structure, strand-like structure, can be produced on a ring spinning frame. The structure of yarn can be precisely determined. Special fiber yarn can be produced on traditional spinning frame.

Abstract: On each draft element of a ring spinning frame, two pieces of short-staple roving from the roving bobbin enter into the draft mechanism to be drafted though a guide funnel in parallel, two pieces of filament are fed from the back of the front roller, and combine with two pieces of roving at front jaw respectively. The drafted two pieces of roving and filament are output from the front jaw and enter into the twisting triangle area to be twisted, and then are wound onto a yarn bobbin to produce yarn. Based on the relative position of the two pieces of roving and two pieces of filament, different yarns can be produced. Furthermore, multi-component yarn, such as core structure, wrapped structure, strand-like structure, can be produced on a ring spinning frame. The structure of yarn can be precisely determined. Special fiber yarn can be produced on traditional spinning frame.

Abstract: Methods and processes for improved recombinant protein production are provided. The methods are useful for production of growth factors, particularly those of the TGF-? superfamily, including bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), such as BMP-2. Suitable host cells are cultured in media where iron is present at a concentration of at least 2.25 ?M and if pyridoxal is present, it makes up less than 55% of the molar concentration of vitamin B6 in the media.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a materials-processing system, which comprises an inputting subsystem, a processing apparatus coupled to the inputting subsystem and a collecting subsystem coupled to the processing apparatus. The inputting subsystem comprises three or more sample vessels, which can be connected to the processing apparatus. Since the processing system includes multiple sample vessels, which can be grouped into different groups so that each group contains two or more of the multiple sample vessels. High throughput materials transport can be realized by sequentially connecting different groups of sample vessels to the processing apparatus, thereby overcoming a limitation of the prior art that cannot continuously perform multiple batches of materials processing and improving material processing efficiency.

Abstract: Methods of producing a protein in cell culture comprising an anti-senescence compound, such as the antioxidant carnosine, are provided. According to teachings of the present invention, cells grown in a cell culture medium comprising an anti-senescence compound exhibit increased viability and productivity. Furthermore, cell cultures grown in the presence of an anti-senescence compound exhibit decreased levels of high molecular weight aggregates in the cell culture medium.

Abstract: An improved system for large scale production of proteins and/or polypeptides in cell culture is provided. In accordance with the present invention, cells expressing the protein or polypeptide of interest are grown in media that comprise a glycolysis-inhibiting substance. Additionally and/or alternatively, cells expressing the protein or polypeptide of interest are grown in media in which glutamine is limited. The use of such a system allows high levels of protein or polypeptide production and lessens accumulation of undesirable metabolic waste products such as lactate. Proteins and polypeptides expressed in accordance with the present invention may be advantageously used in the preparation of pharmaceutical, immunogenic, agricultural or other commercial compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for rationally designing cell culture media for use in cell cultures, e.g., cell cultures employed in polypeptide production; cell culture media designed with the disclosed methods; methods of producing a polypeptide of interest, e.g., an antibody, using such media; polypeptides produced using the methods and media disclosed herein; and pharmaceuticals compositions containing such polypeptides. The rationally designed media contain a concentration of an amino acid that is calculated for use in cell mass, a concentration of the amino acid that is calculated for use in cell maintenance, and a concentration of the amino acid that is calculated for incorporation into the polypeptide of interest.

Abstract: An improved system for large scale production of proteins and/or polypeptides in cell culture, particularly in media characterized by one or more of: i) a cumulative amino acid concentration greater than about 70 mM; ii) a molar cumulative glutamine to cumulative asparagine ratio of less than about 2; iii) a molar cumulative glutamine to cumulative total amino acid ratio of less than about 0.2; iv) a molar cumulative inorganic ion to cumulative total amino acid ratio between about 0.4 to 1; or v) a combined cumulative glutamine and cumulative asparagine concentration between about 16 and 36 mM, is provided. The use of such a system allows high levels of protein production and lessens accumulation of certain undesirable factors such as ammonium and/or lactate. Additionally, culture methods including a temperature shift, typically including a decrease in temperature when the culture has reached about 20-80% of it maximal cell density, are provided.