Abstract: In one aspect, an apparatus for data conversion is provided.

Abstract: A pseudo-differential active RC integrator is described. The pseudo-differential active RC integrator includes a common-mode feedback sub-circuit to control the common-mode output signal of the integrator. The common-mode feedback subcircuit may be coupled to one or more virtual ground nodes of the pseudo-differential active RC integrator, and may include one or more transconductors.

Abstract: An improved quadrature bandpass ?? converter includes a loop filter, an ADC responsive to the loop filter, and a first feedback DAC responsive to the ADC; a first summing circuit is responsive to the first DAC and an analog input for providing an input to the loop filter; a second feedback DAC is responsive to the ADC for providing an input to the loop filter; the loop filter includes a plurality of signal resonators, at least one image resonator, a second summing circuit, and a feed forward circuit connecting at least two of the resonators to the second summing circuit for reducing the quantization noise from the ADC; the image resonator is responsive to the second DAC for reducing the image quantization noise.

Abstract: An improved quadrature bandpass ?? converter includes a loop filter, an ADC responsive to the loop filter, and a first feedback DAC responsive to the ADC; a first summing circuit is responsive to the first DAC and an analog input for providing an input to the loop filter; a second feedback DAC is responsive to the ADC for providing an input to the loop filter; the loop filter includes a plurality of signal resonators, at least one image resonator, a second summing circuit, and a feed forward circuit connecting at least two of the resonators to the second summing circuit for reducing the quantization noise from the ADC; the image resonator is responsive to the second DAC for reducing the image quantization noise.

Abstract: A multi-stage circuit has a first stage and a second stage that both share a bootstrap module. More specifically, the first stage has an output switch, and the second stage has an input switch in communication with the output switch. The multi-stage circuit thus includes the bootstrap module in communication with both the output switch and the input switch. The bootstrap module is capable of applying a voltage to both the input and output switches, while the applied voltage ensures that the first and second switches remain in an on state at specified times.

Abstract: An a.c. coupled multistage high gain operational amplifier includes at least two gain stages, each having an input and an output; an a.c. coupling level shifting capacitance interconnecting the output of a first stage to the input of a second stage; and a charging circuit interconnecting with the a.c. coupling level shifting capacitance and the input of the second stage to charge the a.c. coupling level shifting capacitance in a track phase and to connect the a.c. coupling capacitance to the input of the second stage during a hold phase for dissociating the bias voltages of the stages.

Abstract: An a.c. coupled multistage high gain operational amplifier includes at least two gain stages, each having an input and an output; an a.c. coupling level shifting capacitance interconnecting the output of a first stage to the input of a second stage; and a charging circuit interconnecting with the a.c. coupling level shifting capacitance and the input of the second stage to charge the a.c. coupling level shifting capacitance in a track phase and to connect the a.c. coupling capacitance to the input of the second stage during a hold phase for dissociating the bias voltages of the stages.

Abstract: An active cascode amplifier circuit which includes an active cascode amplifier and an amplitude limiter. The active cascode amplifier includes an input stage, an output stage and an auxiliary amplifier and receives in a voltage input signal and outputs a voltage output signal wherein the cascode amplifier amplifies the input voltage signal. The auxiliary amplifier is provided within the circuit to increase the gain of the cascode amplifier and has an associated output. When the input stage shuts off, due to a decrease in the input voltage signal, the amplitude limiter becomes active and holds the voltage at the output of the auxiliary amplifier to a preset voltage in order to decrease the recovery time for turning the output stage on when the input voltage increases and turns the input stage on.

Abstract: A multi-stage circuit has a first stage and a second stage that both share a bootstrap module. More specifically, the first stage has an output switch, and the second stage has an input switch in communication with the output switch. The multi-stage circuit thus includes the bootstrap module in communication with both the output switch and the input switch. The bootstrap module is capable of applying a voltage to both the input and output switches, while the applied voltage ensures that the first and second switches remain in an on state at specified times.

Abstract: An active cascode amplifier circuit which includes an active cascode amplifier and an amplitude limiter. The active cascode amplifier includes an input stage, an output stage and an auxiliary amplifier and receives in a voltage input signal and outputs a voltage output signal wherein the cascode amplifier amplifies the input voltage signal. The auxiliary amplifier is provided within the circuit to increase the gain of the cascode amplifier and has an associated output. When the input stage shuts off, due to a decrease in the input voltage signal, the amplitude limiter becomes active and holds the voltage at the output of the auxiliary amplifier to a preset voltage in order to decrease the recovery time for turning the output stage on when the input voltage increases and turns the input stage on.