Abstract: The present invention provides an orbit design system for a global carbon inventory satellite, comprising: a long residence unit in the northern hemisphere, configured to enable the global carbon inventory satellite operates in a mid-orbit elliptical orbit, and enable the global carbon inventory satellite to be located above the latitude of the human activity intensive region when it operates to its apogee.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for autonomous mission planning of Carbon Satellite, which triggers autonomous mission planning for the satellite when it detects the satellite switching from a shadow area to a light area, comprising: determining planning time sequence, wherein the planning time sequence comprise several time nodes; and then, for each time node, carrying out a prediction of the ground attributes of the sub-satellite point, and setting observation arc segment according to the prediction result; and finally, determining the load power-on-off time sequence according to the observation arc segment.