Abstract: Example collective communication methods and apparatus are described In one example method, a computing cluster includes a first node and a second node, where the first node includes a first processor and a second processor, the second node includes a third processor, and second processor is connected to the third processor. In this example, the first processor determines that a processor that is in the first node and that is connected to the third processor in the second node is the second processor, and sends first data to the second processor. Correspondingly, the second processor receives the first data from the first processor, and transmits the first data to the third processor in the second node.

Abstract: A remote data access method is applied to a first device that is coupled to and communicates with a second device. The first device and the second device each are configured with a network interface card (NIC) having a remote direct memory access (RDMA) function. The method is performed by a NIC of the first device, and the method includes: generating a first packet including a type identifier and a function identifier; and sending the first packet to the second device. The type identifier in the first packet indicates that the first packet is a remote memory function call (RMFC)-type packet, and the RMFC-type packet indicates the second device to perform a preset operation on local data of the second device. The function identifier in the first packet indicates an operation type of the preset operation.

Abstract: This application provides a model training system and method. The system includes a first group, where the first group includes an MEMS and S×C processors, S is a quantity of nodes in the first group, C is a quantity of processors in one node, and both S and C are positive integers, the MEMS, configured to construct an optical transmission channel between any two of the S nodes, and the S×C processors, configured to jointly train a model. In one iteration of joint model training, the S×C processors are configured to run model training in respective processors, to obtain respective corresponding data. At least two of the S×C processors transmit target data through the optical transmission channel. A processor that receives the target data may be configured to adjust a parameter for model training in the processor based on the target data.

Abstract: A computing device includes a scheduling apparatus and at least two processing unit sets, each processing unit set includes at least one processing unit, and the scheduling apparatus is communicatively connected to processing units in the at least two processing unit sets. The data processing method in this application includes: The scheduling apparatus receives a data processing request, where the data processing request includes a function identifier, and the function identifier indicates a function that needs to be called to process the data processing request; and further, the scheduling apparatus determines a first processing unit set from the at least two processing unit sets of the computing device based on the function identifier, and determines a target processing unit in the first processing unit set, and the determined target processing unit processes the data processing request, to obtain a data processing result.

Abstract: For a first device in a data processing system, a first object engine component is configured in the first device, and the first object engine component is coupled to a processor in the first device. The first object engine component processes a read instruction for a target object, selects an access destination of the read instruction based on an instruction type of the read instruction, and obtains the target object from the access destination.

Abstract: A data transmission method, performed by a receive end, includes: receiving notification information that is about to-be-transmitted data and that is sent by a transmit end, where the notification information includes a size of the to-be-transmitted data of the transmit end; generating a plurality of RDMA read requests based on the size of the to-be-transmitted data; and sending the plurality of RDMA read requests to the transmit end, where a bandwidth occupied by data read by the plurality of sent RDMA read requests is less than or equal to an ingress bandwidth of the receive end.

Abstract: A switching device is provided obtains information about devices connected to a plurality of ports of the switching device and determines response ports of the switching device based on the information about the devices connected to the plurality of ports. Different response ports of the switching device are connected to different devices, and each response port is configured to receive a management packet or a response to the management packet that is sent by a device connected to each response port in a device enumeration process.

Abstract: A data transmission method, performed by a receive end, includes: receiving notification information that is about to-be-transmitted data and that is sent by a transmit end, where the notification information includes a size of the to-be-transmitted data of the transmit end; generating a plurality of RDMA read requests based on the size of the to-be-transmitted data; and sending the plurality of RDMA read requests to the transmit end, where a bandwidth occupied by data read by the plurality of sent RDMA read requests is less than or equal to an ingress bandwidth of the receive end.

Abstract: A data transmission method, including obtaining by a transmit end, at least two to-be-transmitted packets, determining a first interface used to transmit each of the packets in at least two interfaces of the transmit end, and determining an identifier of each of the packets that is related to the first interface, where the identifier represents an order of the first interface used to transmit each of the packets in the at least two interfaces used to send the at least two packets adding the identifier to a packet header of each of the packets and sending a packet added with the identifier to the receive end device through the first interface, so that the receive end device adjusts, based on the identifier, an order of the packet added with the identifier.

Abstract: A data transmission method, including obtaining by a transmit end, at least two to-be-transmitted packets, determining a first interface used to transmit each of the packets in at least two interfaces of the transmit end, and determining an identifier of each of the packets that is related to the first interface, where the identifier represents an order of the first interface used to transmit each of the packets in the at least two interfaces used to send the at least two packets adding the identifier to a packet header of each of the packets and sending a packet added with the identifier to the receive end device through the first interface, so that the receive end device adjusts, based on the identifier, an order of the packet added with the identifier.