Abstract: The present invention provides a traffic control method and a device in a SDN. The method includes: receiving, by the first device, a first packet of the service; forwarding, by the first device, the first packet, where a first quantity of tokens in a first token bucket of the first device are consumed in a process in which the first device forwards the first packet, and the first token bucket is corresponding to the service; and sending, by the first device to the second device, a first message that carries the first quantity, so that the second device removes the first quantity of tokens from a second token bucket of the second device, where the second token bucket is corresponding to the service, and the controller configures a same CIR and CBS for the first token bucket and the second token bucket.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and a device for ONU overall rate limiting. The method includes: receiving a multicast program sent by a multicast program server; making N+M copies of the multicast program; sending N copies of the multicast program to N passive optical network PON ports that request the multicast program on demand; and sending M copies of the multicast program to M ONU rate limiting units corresponding to M ONUs that request the multicast program on demand, discarding the M copies of the multicast program. In the method, after the rate limiting is performed on the multicast program, the multicast program is discarded, so that real-time rate limiting is performed on each ONU without affecting bandwidth of a PON.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for information exchange in an access network, an apparatus, and a system, and relates to the communications field. The method includes: receiving, by an access device, a configuration command from a network management server; converting the configuration command into an OpenFlow-protocol-based openflow message; and sending the openflow message to a terminal device, so that the terminal device configures an openflow flow table according to the openflow message.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure discloses a look-up table creation method and query method. The creation method includes: receiving a look-up table create message sent by a controller, where the look-up table create message includes an identifier of a look-up table and a look-up mode of the look-up table; creating a look-up table according to the look-up table create message and setting a look-up mode of the look-up table; receiving an entry add message sent by the controller, where the entry add message includes a to-be-added forwarding action and an index parameter of the forwarding action; and adding, according to the entry add message, an entry corresponding to the entry add message to the look-up table.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a look-up table creation method and query method. The creation method includes: receiving a look-up table create message sent by a controller, where the look-up table create message includes an identifier of a look-up table and a look-up mode of the look-up table; creating a look-up table according to the look-up table create message and setting a look-up mode of the look-up table; receiving an entry add message sent by the controller, where the entry add message includes a to-be-added forwarding action and an index parameter of the forwarding action; and adding, according to the entry add message, an entry corresponding to the entry add message to the look-up table.

Abstract: A method for processing a packet in a network, a forwarding device, and a packet processing system are described. By means of embodiments of the present invention, network efficiency can be improved.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and a device for ONU overall rate limiting. The method includes: receiving a multicast program sent by a multicast program server; making N+M copies of the multicast program; sending N copies of the multicast program to N passive optical network PON ports that request the multicast program on demand; and sending M copies of the multicast program to M ONU rate limiting units corresponding to M ONUs that request the multicast program on demand, discarding the M copies of the multicast program. In the method, after the rate limiting is performed on the multicast program, the multicast program is discarded, so that real-time rate limiting is performed on each ONU without affecting bandwidth of a PON.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for information exchange in an access network, an apparatus, and a system, and relates to the communications field. The method includes: receiving, by an access device, a configuration command from a network management server; converting the configuration command into an OpenFlow-protocol-based openflow message; and sending the openflow message to a terminal device, so that the terminal device configures an openflow flow table according to the openflow message.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a look-up table creation method and query method. The creation method includes: receiving a look-up table create message sent by a controller, where the look-up table create message includes an identifier of a look-up table and a look-up mode of the look-up table; creating a look-up table according to the look-up table create message and setting a look-up mode of the look-up table; receiving an entry add message sent by the controller, where the entry add message includes a to-be-added forwarding action and an index parameter of the forwarding action; and adding, according to the entry add message, an entry corresponding to the entry add message to the look-up table.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to plants and methods of producing modified plants that exhibit enhanced drought resistance and bacterial resistance relative to non-modified plants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the increased expression of RPW8 proteins causing an increased level of the RPW8 proteins at extrahaustorial membrane with subsequent induction of pathogen inhibition reactions against haustorium forming pathogens.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure provide a method and device for displaying webpage contents in a browser. The method includes: obtaining a webpage requested to be read by a user; determining whether the webpage is a content-based webpage; when determining the webpage is the content-based webpage, extracting a title and text from the webpage based on a default rule, and outputting the title and text in the browser with a default reading mode. By employing the technical solution of the present disclosure, useless information except for the text in a webpage may be filtered.

Abstract: A method for recovering a metal from either an acidic or a basic solution using an aluminum cementation process is disclosed. The method involves adding an aluminum-containing powder to a tellurium-containing solution to precipitate tellurium from the tellurium-containing solution and then removing the precipitated tellurium therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the increased expression of RPW8 proteins causing an increased level of the RPW8 proteins at extrahaustorial membrane with subsequent induction of pathogen inhibition reactions against haustorium forming pathogens.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to plants and methods of producing modified plants that exhibit enhanced drought resistance and bacterial resistance relative to non-modified plants.

Abstract: A method of removing coating from a substrate may include contacting a portion of coating on a surface of a substrate to an acid.

Abstract: A method of removing coating from a substrate may include contacting at least a portion of a surface of a substrate to an electrolytic substance, where at least a portion of the surface includes cadmium; connecting a power source to the substrate and to an anode material; applying a current and a voltage; and removing at least a portion of coating from the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for down regulating an Arabidopsis protein phosphatase type 2C gene, referred to as “defense-associated protein phosphatase type 2C one” (DAPP1) that functions as a negative regulator of a plant defense pathway by contacting the gene or gene mRNA with an interfering nucleotide sequence that interacts with the gene and reducing expression thereof. Plants including such interfering nucleotide sequence exhibit increased disease resistance to pathogen even in the absence of R genes. Close homologs of DAPP1 exist in multiple crop species, and as such, the controlled down-regulation of homologous genes in a variety of crop species will enhance disease resistance of target crop species to pathogens.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and system for recovery of waste.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and system for recovery of waste.