Abstract: A method of radar jamming based on a frequency diverse array jammer is provided. In the method, jamming signals are transmitted through a frequency diverse array, so that the jamming signals transmitted by each array element are different in frequency. On one hand, the power of the jamming signals is enhanced by adopting an array form, which causes serious trouble to the target detection of enemy radar in the frequency domain. The frequency diverse array jammer uses a digital radio frequency memory as a front end basic component, stores and processes the received enemy detection signal, flexibly uses repeater jamming or smart jamming, and finally transmits the jamming signal in a frequency diverse array antenna mode to generate more false targets than conventional jamming, thereby effectively destroying the detection and tracking of the enemy radar on our side moving targets.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising an aqueous solution of a) a hydrophobically modified alkylene oxide polymer comprising a hydrophobic portion functionalized with a protonated secondary or tertiary amine or a quaternary ammonium salt and b) an acid and a salt thereof, which acid is phosphoric acid, nitrilotris(methylene)triphosphonic acid, hydrochloric acid, or sulfuric acid. The composition of the present invention is useful for the preparation of an associative thickener that can be stored for long periods, in the absence of ancillary biocides, without spoilage from biodeteriogenic attack.

Abstract: The present invention is a composition comprising a waterborne hydrophobically modified alkylene oxide urethane thickener comprising structural units of a) a polyalkylene glycol; b) a polyisocyanate; and c) a C14-C30-alkyl-O—(CH2CH2O)n—H alcohol ethoxylate capping agent. The composition of the present invention is useful as a thickener in formulations requiring high levels of surfactant, such as detergents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising a hydrophobically modified alkylene oxide polymer having a hydrophobic portion characterized by the following group: where R1 and x are as defined herein; and a) an aqueous dispersion of thermoplastic polymer particles imbibed with a thermosettable compound functionalized with structural units of an anti-agglomerating monomer; and/or b) a curing agent. The composition of the present invention is useful for improving Brookfield viscosity and sag resistance in coatings arising from, for example, 2-component acrylic-epoxy hybrid systems cured with a curing agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method comprising the steps of: a) contacting an acrylate monomer, a carboxylic acid monomer, and a chain transfer agent under free radical polymerization conditions to form a solution of a polymer having an Mn in the range of from 5,000 to 50,000 Daltons; b) contacting the solution with a base and an ethylenically unsaturated glycidyl functionalized monomer to form a solution of an ethylenically unsaturated acrylate polymer; c) contacting the solution of the ethylenically unsaturated functionalized acrylate polymer with water to form an aqueous dispersion of ethylenically unsaturated functionalized acrylate polymers; and d) removing the organic solvent. The method of the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a UV curable coating that achieves an excellent balance of hardness, flexibility, and warmth with less reliance on costly MFAs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method comprising an aqueous dispersion of polymer particles having a backbone comprising structural units of an acrylate monomer and a carboxylic acid monomer, wherein a portion of the structural units of the carboxylic acid monomer are functionalized with glycidyl methacrylate, wherein the glycidyl methacrylate functionalized polymer particles have a number average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 to 50,000 Daltons. The composition of the present invention provides a UV curable coating that achieves an excellent balance of hardness and flexibility, with less reliance on the use of multifunctional acrylates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising a hydrophobically modified alkylene oxide polymer having a hydrophobic portion characterized by the following group: where R1 and x are as defined herein; and a) an aqueous dispersion of thermoplastic polymer particles imbibed with a thermosettable compound functionalized with structural units of an anti-agglomerating monomer; and/or b) a curing agent. The composition of the present invention is useful for improving Brookfield viscosity and sag resistance in coatings arising from, for example, 2-component acrylic-epoxy hybrid systems cured with a curing agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising an aqueous solution of a) a hydrophobically modified alkylene oxide polymer comprising a hydrophobic portion functionalized with a protonated secondary or tertiary amine or a quaternary ammonium salt and b) an acid and a salt thereof, which acid is phosphoric acid, nitrilotris(methylene)triphosphonic acid, hydrochloric acid, or sulfuric acid. The composition of the present invention is useful for the preparation of an associative thickener that can be stored for long periods, in the absence of ancillary biocides, without spoilage from biodeteriogenic attack.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising a) an aqueous dispersion of polymer particles and b) a hydrophobically modified poly(oxyalkylene-urethane) rheology modifier having a 1) backbone; and 2) a hydrophobic portion represented by Fragment I: where R and R1 are defined herein. The composition is useful as an aqueous coating formulation that exhibits a highly shear thinning rheology profile suitable for spray applications to provide high sag resistance without adverse impact on gloss or corrosion resistance.

Abstract: The present invention provides aqueous compositions useful as zero VOC coating compositions having a % opacifying pigment volume concentration (% OPVC) of from 2 to 25 and comprising (i) an opacifier composition of an at least partially polymer encapsulated opacifying pigment, a polymer opacifying pigment composite or their mixtures, with the opacifying pigment, encapsulated in and/or as a composite with at least one soft polymer having a measured glass transition temperature (measured Tg) of 5° C. or less, and (ii) a hard binder polymer having a measured Tg of at least 30° C. and a weight average particle size of 120 nm or less, wherein the ratio of the weight average particle size of the opacifier composition to that of the hard binder polymer is from 2:1 to 12:1 and the volume ratio of the opacifying pigment to the soft polymer solids in the opacifier composition is from 2:5 to 1:1.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to sub-diffraction limit image resolution and other imaging techniques, including imaging in three dimensions. In one aspect, the invention is directed to determining and/or imaging light from two or more entities separated by a distance less than the diffraction limit of the incident light. For example, the entities may be separated by a distance of less than about 1000 nm, or less than about 300 nm for visible light. In some cases, the position of the entities can be determined in all three spatial dimensions (i.e., in the x, y, and z directions), and in certain cases, the positions in all three dimensions can be determined to an accuracy of less than about 1000 nm. In one set of embodiments, the entities may be selectively activatable, i.e., one entity can be activated to produce light, without activating other entities. A first entity may be activated and determined (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method comprising the steps of: a) contacting an acrylate monomer, a carboxylic acid monomer, and a chain transfer agent under free radical polymerization conditions to form a solution of a polymer having an Mn in the range of from 5,000 to 50,000 Daltons; b) contacting the solution with a base and an ethylenically unsaturated glycidyl functionalized monomer to form a solution of an ethylenically unsaturated acrylate polymer; c) contacting the solution of the ethylenically unsaturated functionalized acrylate polymer with water to form an aqueous dispersion of ethylenically unsaturated functionalized acrylate polymers; and d) removing the organic solvent. The method of the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a UV curable coating that achieves an excellent balance of hardness, flexibility, and warmth with less reliance on costly MFAs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method comprising an aqueous dispersion of polymer particles having a backbone comprising structural units of an acrylate monomer and a carboxylic acid monomer, wherein a portion of the structural units of the carboxylic acid monomer are functionalized with glycidyl methacrylate, wherein the glycidyl methacrylate functionalized polymer particles have a number average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 to 50,000 Daltons. The composition of the present invention provides a UV curable coating that achieves an excellent balance of hardness and flexibility, with less reliance on the use of multifunctional acrylates.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to sub-diffraction limit image resolution and other imaging techniques, including imaging in three dimensions. In one aspect, the invention is directed to determining and/or imaging light from two or more entities separated by a distance less than the diffraction limit of the incident light. For example, the entities may be separated by a distance of less than about 1000 nm, or less than about 300 nm for visible light. In some cases, the position of the entities can be determined in all three spatial dimensions (i.e., in the x, y, and z directions), and in certain cases, the positions in all three dimensions can be determined to an accuracy of less than about 1000 nm. In one set of embodiments, the entities may be selectively activatable, i.e., one entity can be activated to produce light, without activating other entities. A first entity may be activated and determined (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising a) an aqueous dispersion of polymer particles and b) a hydrophobically modified poly(oxyalkylene-urethane) rheology modifier having a 1) backbone; and 2) a hydrophobic portion represented by Fragment I: —O—R—S?R1?mH?? I where R and R1 are defined herein. The composition is useful as an aqueous coating formulation that exhibits a highly shear thinning rheology profile suitable for spray applications to provide high sag resistance without adverse impact on gloss or corrosion resistance.

Abstract: The present invention provides aqueous compositions for use in coating wood joinery, especially for exterior use, comprising (a) one or more dihydrazide compounds in a total amount of from 0.5 to 4 wt. %, based on the total weight of composition solids and (b) of one or more aqueous multistage emulsion copolymers containing, as (i) a first stage, an emulsion copolymer having a glass transition temperature (Tg) via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of from ?50 to 30° C., and containing, in copolymerized form one or more monoethylenically unsaturated phosphorous acid monomers and, one or more keto group containing amide monomers, and, as (ii) a second stage, an emulsion copolymer having a DSC Tg of at least 50° C. to 125° C., wherein the weight ratio of (i) the first stage to (ii) the second stage, based on copolymer solids, ranging from 50:50 to 90:10.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to sub-diffraction limit image resolution and other imaging techniques, including imaging in three dimensions. In one aspect, the invention is directed to determining and/or imaging light from two or more entities separated by a distance less than the diffraction limit of the incident light. For example, the entities may be separated by a distance of less than about 1000 nm, or less than about 300 nm for visible light. In some cases, the position of the entities can be determined in all three spatial dimensions (i.e., in the x, y, and z directions), and in certain cases, the positions in all three dimensions can be determined to an accuracy of less than about 1000 nm. In one set of embodiments, the entities may be selectively activatable, i.e., one entity can be activated to produce light, without activating other entities. A first entity may be activated and determined (e.g.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for altering carbon partitioning in biomass isolated from Duckweed.

Abstract: The present invention provides aqueous compositions useful as zero VOC coating compositions having a % opacifying pigment volume concentration (% OPVC) of from 2 to 25 and comprising (i) an opacifier composition of an at least partially polymer encapsulated opacifying pigment, a polymer opacifying pigment composite or their mixtures, with the opacifying pigment, encapsulated in and/or as a composite with at least one soft polymer having a measured glass transition temperature (measured Tg) of 5° C. or less, and (ii) a hard binder polymer having a measured Tg of at least 30° C.