Abstract: Disclosed is a brain-on-a-chip intelligence complex control system comprising a basic module and an information interaction and training module. The latter integrates a neural signal decoding unit, reward and punishment control unit, task control model, and mapping relationship model. The neural signal decoding unit transforms neural response data into external device-recognizable control instructions. Employed for controlling the external device, the task control model creates a future target control instruction based on task feedback, retrieving the corresponding neural response. The mapping relationship model establishes connections between the brain-on-a-chip's stimulation sequence and neural responses. Calculating task completion, the reward and punishment control unit generates a reward or punishment signal based on task feedback, applying it to the brain-on-a-chip basic module. This innovative brain-on-a-chip intelligence complex enhances control and training capabilities through integrated modules.