Abstract: The present invention provides processes for the preparation of sugammadex: (I) In one aspect, there is provided a process for the preparation of sugammadex from 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-?-cyclodextrin and 3-mercaptopropionic acid. In another aspect, there is provided an alternative process for the preparation of sugammadex from 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-?-cyclodextrin and disodium 3 -mercaptopropionate. In another aspect, there is provided a process for the preparation of 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-?-cyclod extrin, which may be used in the production of sugammadex. In one such aspect, there is provided a process for the preparation of 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-y-cyclodextrin from ?-cyclodextrin and a brominating agent. In another such aspect, there is provided a process for the preparation of 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-?-cyclodextrin comprising, inter alia, reacting ?-cyclodextrin with an electrophilic brominating agent, a deoxygenating agent, and an acid in the presence of an organic solvent.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for the preparation of sugammadex: (I) In one aspect, there is provided a process for the preparation of sugammadex from 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-?-cyclodextrin and 3-mercaptopropionic acid. In another aspect, there is provided an alternative process for the preparation of sugammadex from 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-?-cyclodextrin and disodium 3-mercaptopropionate. In another aspect, there is provided a process for the preparation of 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-?-cyclodextrin, which may be used in the production of sugammadex. In one such aspect, there is provided a process for the preparation of 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-?-cyclodextrin from ?-cyclodextrin and a brominating agent. In another such aspect, there is provided a process for the preparation of 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-?-cyclodextrin comprising, inter alia, reacting ?-cyclodextrin with an electrophilic brominating agent, a deoxygenating agent, and an acid in the presence of an organic solvent.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses are described to help manage oil return such as in a chiller system of a HVAC system. A refrigerant/oil mixture can be directed out of the evaporator into an oil return heat exchanger that is configured to help vaporize a refrigerant portion of the refrigerant/oil mixture. Superheat refrigerant vapor can be directed from a condenser into the oil return heat exchanger as the heat energy to vaporize the refrigerant portion in the refrigerant/oil mixture. The oil return heat exchanger can be positioned lower than the evaporator so that gravity can help the refrigerant/oil mixture to flow into the oil return heat exchanger.

Abstract: The present invention discloses cleaning apparatus and a PV module cleaning system. The cleaning apparatus includes a sweeper, a mobile terminal, a guiding rail and a control system. The mobile terminal is used for bearing the sweeper and walks along the guiding rail under the control of the control system, and the sweeper can move on the mobile terminal under the control of the control system; and the PV module cleaning system includes PV array panels, the PV array panels are m*n matrix, both m and n are positive integers, the guiding rail is located at one side of the PV array panels, the mobile terminal is located above the guiding rail, the sweeper is loaded on the bearing frame of the mobile terminal, and the sweeper reciprocates on the PV array panels through a walking mechanism.

Abstract: The present invention provides a horizontal single-axis tracking photovoltaic support with double-sided power generation, suitable for installing a double-sided PV module with a toward-sun light absorption surface and a backward-sun light absorption surface, including: an upright post and a torque tube disposed on the upright post, the torque tube capable of being rotated around the upright post under the action of a driving device, a plurality of groups of crossbeams are disposed along a lengthwise direction of the torque tube, and the double-sided PV module is disposed on each group of the crossbeams, a light-reflecting-panel support is disposed at the torque tube, and a light-reflecting panel is disposed on the light-reflecting-panel support. The light-reflecting panel reflects sunlight onto the backward-sun light absorption surface, and an angle ? between the plane where the light-reflecting panel is located and the plane where the double-sided PV module is located is an acute angle.

Abstract: Provided herein are, inter alia, methods and compositions for treating or preventing diseases using SIRT1 inhibitors. The methods provided herein are particularly useful for treating or preventing age-related hematological diseases as well as cancerous hematological diseases. Further provided herein are hematopoietic cells useful for treating or preventing hematological diseases.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses are described to help manage oil return such as in a chiller system of a HVAC system. A refrigerant/oil mixture can be directed out of the evaporator into an oil return heat exchanger that is configured to help vaporize a refrigerant portion of the refrigerant/oil mixture. Superheat refrigerant vapor can be directed from a condenser into the oil return heat exchanger as the heat energy to vaporize the refrigerant portion in the refrigerant/oil mixture. The oil return heat exchanger can be positioned lower than the evaporator so that gravity can help the refrigerant/oil mixture to flow into the oil return heat exchanger.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses are described to help manage oil return such as in a chiller system of a HVAC system. A refrigerant/oil mixture can be directed out of the evaporator into an oil return heat exchanger that is configured to help vaporize a refrigerant portion of the refrigerant/oil mixture. Superheat refrigerant vapor can be directed from a condenser into the oil return heat exchanger as the heat energy to vaporize the refrigerant portion in the refrigerant/oil mixture. The oil return heat exchanger can be positioned lower than the evaporator so that gravity can help the refrigerant/oil mixture to flow into the oil return heat exchanger.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses are described to help manage oil return such as in a chiller system of a HVAC system. A refrigerant/oil mixture can be directed out of the evaporator into an oil return heat exchanger that is configured to help vaporize a refrigerant portion of the refrigerant/oil mixture. Superheat refrigerant vapor can be directed from a condenser into the oil return heat exchanger as the heat energy to vaporize the refrigerant portion in the refrigerant/oil mixture. The oil return heat exchanger can be positioned lower than the evaporator so that gravity can help the refrigerant/oil mixture to flow into the oil return heat exchanger.

Abstract: A method of generating a chronic myelogenic leukemia (CML) acquired chemoresistant culture model is provided. Such a method may comprise providing a naïve blast crisis CML cell line; administering/contacting the cell line with a mutation-inducing dose of imatinib; maintaining a culture of the treated cell line for a period of time until the treated cell line relapses and repopulates the culture; and determining the repopulated cell culture is a CML acquired chemoresistant cell line by detecting a BCR-ABL mutation, wherein the acquired chemoresistance is achieved by a BCR-ABL mutation.

Abstract: Provided herein are, inter alia, methods and compositions for treating or preventing diseases using SIRT1 inhibitors. The methods provided herein are particularly useful for treating or preventing age-related hematological diseases as well as cancerous hematological diseases. Further provided herein are hematopoietic cells useful for treating or preventing hematological diseases.

Abstract: Methods of treating or preventing chemoresistance or relapse growth of cancer cells are provided. Methods of treating or preventing resistance to tyrosine kinase based chemotherapeutic treatment in hematologic and solid tumors are provided. BCR-ABL drug resistance in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and models for conducting further study on the same are presented. The methods comprise administering a therapeutically effective amount of one or more SIRT1 modulators to the cells or subject in need thereof. The methods may be administered in combination with, prior to or subsequent to chemotherapy or may be administered to counteract the effect of a spontaneous genetic mutation. Methods of using SIRT1 inhibitors to treat or prevent insulin and transferrin-induced resistance are also presented. A novel cell model to study mechanisms of acquired chemoresistance is also provided.

Abstract: A method of generating a chronic myelogenic leukemia (CML) acquired chemoresistant culture model is provided. Such a method may comprise providing a naïve blast crisis CML cell line; administering/contacting the cell line with a mutation-inducing dose of imatinib; maintaining a culture of the treated cell line for a period of time until the treated cell line relapses and repopulates the culture; and determining the repopulated cell culture is a CML acquired chemoresistant cell line by detecting a BCR-ABL mutation, wherein the acquired chemoresistance is achieved by a BCR-ABL mutation.

Abstract: A method of generating a chronic myelogenic leukemia (CML) acquired chemoresistant culture model is provided. Such a method may comprise providing a naïve blast crisis CML cell line; administering/contacting the cell line with a mutation-inducing dose of imatinib; maintaining a culture of the treated cell line for a period of time until the treated cell line relapses and repopulates the culture; and determining the repopulated cell culture is a CML acquired chemoresistant cell line by detecting a BCR-ABL mutation, wherein the acquired chemoresistance is achieved by a BCR-ABL mutation.

Abstract: Methods of treating or preventing chemoresistance or relapse growth of cancer cells are provided. Methods of treating or preventing resistance to tyrosine kinase based chemotherapeutic treatment in hematologic and solid tumors are provided. BCR-ABL drug resistance in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and models for conducting further study on the same are presented. The methods comprise administering a therapeutically effective amount of one or more SIRT1 modulators to the cells or subject in need thereof. The methods may be administered in combination with, prior to or subsequent to chemotherapy or may be administered to counteract the effect of a spontaneous genetic mutation. Methods of using SIRT1 inhibitors to treat or prevent insulin and transferrin-induced resistance are also presented. A novel cell model to study mechanisms of acquired chemoresistance is also provided.

Abstract: A method of generating a chronic myelogenic leukemia (CML) acquired chemoresistant culture model is provided. Such a method may comprise providing a naïve blast crisis CML cell line; administering/contacting the cell line with a mutation-inducing dose of imatinib; maintaining a culture of the treated cell line for a period of time until the treated cell line relapses and repopulates the culture; and determining the repopulated cell culture is a CML acquired chemoresistant cell line by detecting a BCR-ABL mutation, wherein the acquired chemoresistance is achieved by a BCR-ABL mutation.