Abstract: Device and method for comminution or inactivation of circulating tumor cells (CTC) or tumor cell clusters (CTCC) from a tumor-affected organ or organ part, wherein it is proposed that in the venous drain of the tumor-affected organ or organ part a pump (2) with a pressure-increasing section and a pressure-reducing throttle (13) is arranged and is operated at the output side in its design point given by volumetric flow (Q) and pumping pressure (p) according to the volumetric flow and the blood pressure of the venous drain of the tumor-affected organ or organ part. Circulating tumor cells (CTC) and tumor cell clusters (CTCC) are thus comminuted and inactivated to thus reduce the risk of metastasis formation in cancerous diseases.

Abstract: Device and method for comminution or inactivation of circulating tumor cells (CTC) or tumor cell clusters (CTCC) from a tumor-affected organ or organ part, wherein it is proposed that in the venous drain of the tumor-affected organ or organ part a pump (2) with a pressure-increasing section and a pressure-reducing throttle (13) is arranged and is operated at the output side in its design point given by volumetric flow (Q) and pumping pressure (p) according to the volumetric flow and the blood pressure of the venous drain of the tumor-affected organ or organ part. Circulating tumor cells (CTC) and tumor cell clusters (CTCC) are thus comminuted and inactivated to thus reduce the risk of metastasis formation in cancerous diseases.

Abstract: A capillary structure for passive, directional fluid transport includes a capillary having a forward direction and a backward direction, the capillary including first and second capillary units each having a sequence of capillary components including a connective section in fluid communication with a diverging section, the diverging section having a forward side and dimensions inducing a concave meniscus in the forward direction, wherein the connective section of the second capillary unit is connected to the forward side of the diverging section of the first capillary unit to form at least one transition section, and wherein a change in the dimensions in the transition section induces in the backward direction a convex liquid meniscus or a straight liquid meniscus with an infinite radius of curvature.

Abstract: Device and method for comminution or inactivation of circulating tumor cells (CTC) or tumor cell clusters (CTCC) from a tumor-affected organ or organ part, wherein it is proposed that in the venous drain of the tumor-affected organ or organ part a pump (2) with a pressure-increasing section and a pressure-reducing throttle (13) is arranged and is operated at the output side in its design point given by volumetric flow (Q) and pumping pressure (p) according to the volumetric flow and the blood pressure of the venous drain of the tumor-affected organ or organ part. Circulating tumor cells (CTC) and tumor cell clusters (CTCC) are thus comminuted and inactivated to thus reduce the risk of metastasis formation in cancerous diseases.

Abstract: An air filter device for a motor vehicle is provided with a filter housing having an air inlet and an air outlet, a filter insert which is received in the filter housing and divides the inside of the filter housing into an untreated air section and a pure air section, and a bypass line for supplying air into the untreated air section. The bypass line extends from a connection opening in the filter housing to a cooler, especially a charge air cooler of the motor vehicle.

Abstract: A capillary structure for passive, directional fluid transport includes a capillary having a forward direction and a backward direction, the capillary including first and second capillary units each having a sequence of capillary components including a connective section in fluid communication with a diverging section, the diverging section having a forward side and dimensions inducing a concave meniscus in the forward direction, wherein the connective section of the second capillary unit is connected to the forward side of the diverging section of the first capillary unit to form at least one transition section, and wherein a change in the dimensions in the transition section induces in the backward direction a convex liquid meniscus or a straight liquid meniscus with an infinite radius of curvature.

Abstract: An air filter device for a motor vehicle is provided with a filter housing having an air inlet and an air outlet, a filter insert which is received in the filter housing and divides the inside of the filter housing into an untreated air section and a pure air section, and a bypass line for supplying air into the untreated air section. The bypass line extends from a connection opening in the filter housing to a cooler, especially a charge air cooler of the motor vehicle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for the directed capillary transport of liquids, comprising at least two capillaries (8, 9, 33, 54, 55), the at least two capillaries (8, 9, 33, 54, 55) being designed such that the liquid can be transported in at least some regions in a passive, directed and capillary manner, characterised in that at least two of the capillaries (8, 9, 33, 54, 55) are interconnected in the direction of transport of the liquid via at least one capillary passage conduit (20, 23, 28, 29, 34, 40, 41, 59, 63). The invention is intended for use in the separation of components from a fluidic substance and/or in oil/water separation. A production method is characterised in that at least one part of the capillary structure is generated by means of laser irradiation, by means of a moulding tool, in particular a sintering mould, by means of a milling process, in particular by means of a micro-milling process, or by means of EDM.

Abstract: A method for the direct analysis of analyte in keratinized structures, e.g., hair, fingernails and toenails, which comprises preparing a mixture containing a low redox potential compound such as dithiothreitol or dithioerythritol, an enzyme suitable for the degradation of the keratin structure and a sample of the keratin structure; permitting the enzyme to at least substantially degrade the sample of keratin structure, filtering the digest solution to remove substances which may interfere with ligand based analytical methods and subjecting the filtered digest solution to analysis to determine the identity and amount of analyte in the keratin substance sample. To accelerate the method, cupric sulfate may be added to the mixture after degradation of the keratin sample. The enzyme may be a peptidase, endopeptidase or proteinase, with papain, chymopapain, and proteinase K being preferred for use in the invention.

Abstract: A method for the direct analysis of analyte indicative of marijuana exposure found in keratinized structures, e.g., hair, fingernails and toenails, which comprises preparing a mixture containing dithiothreitol or dithioerythritol, a protease suitable for the digestion of the keratin structure and a sample of the keratin structure; permitting the enzyme to at least substantially digest the sample of keratin structure to form a digest solution, followed by mixing the digest solution with a suspension of an ion exchange resin to remove an interfering, cross reacting substance naturally found in hair and finally subjecting the digest solution to analysis to determine the identity and amount of marijuana analyte in the keratin structure sample. To accelerate the method, cupric sulfate may be added to the mixture after degradation of the keratin sample in order to deactivate the activator. The enzyme may be a protease with papain, chymopapain, and proteinase K being preferred for use in the invention.

Abstract: A method for the direct analysis of analyte in keratinized structures, e.g., hair, fingernails and toenails, which comprises preparing a mixture containing a low redox potential compound such as dithiothreitol or dithioerythritol, an enzyme suitable for the degradation of the keratin structure and a sample of the keratin structure; permitting the enzyme to at least substantially degrade the sample of keratin structure, and subjecting the mixture to analysis to determine the identity and amount of analyte in the keratin substance sample. To accelerate the method, cupric sulfate or sodium arsenite may be added to the mixture after degradation of the keratin sample. The enzyme may be a peptidase, endopeptidase or proteinase, with papain, chymopapain, and proteinase K being preferred for use in the invention.

Abstract: For fastening electronic components to substrates, a connecting layer having good adhesion and good electrical and thermal conductivity is manufactured by sintering from a metal powder layer. A paste formed of metal powder, such as a silver powder, and of a solvent, is processed into a solvent-free presintered film in a separate process. This film is punched in accordance with a cross-section of the component and is provided for fastening the component. In manufacturing the film, a specific solvent is employed, together with heating up rates of 5.degree. to 30.degree. C./Min and holding times of 0.5 to 5 minutes at a maximum temperature of 300.degree. C. The fastening is carried out at temperature of at least 150.degree. C. and at a minimum mechanical pressure of 30 N/cm.sup.2. The use of a film speeds up the method and enables of sintering at low temperatures and, at the same time, at low mechanical pressure.

Abstract: Method of joining a semiconductor chip to a chip carrier by cementing or soldering which includes treating an area of the semiconductor chip to be joined to the carrier with a laser beam, adjusting the energy of the laser beam to produce depressions by localizing melting of the semiconductor material of the chip and to at least partially pile melted semiconductor material at the edge of the depression, and applying cement or solder between the treated area of the semiconductor chip and the carrier.

Abstract: Photo transistor, including a semiconductor body having a surface, a region placed on the surface of the body being intended for light exposure having an edge and a remainder of the region, a collector zone placed in the body and having at least a part thereof emerging to the surface of the body, a base zone being embedded in a planar manner in the collector zone and having at least a part thereof emerging to the surface of the body, an emitter zone being embedded in a planar manner in the base zone, an emitter electrode disposed on the emitter zone, an insulating layer covering the region intended for exposure, an auxiliary zone being embedded in the surface of the body and having a conductivity type being opposite to that of the collector zone, an auxiliary electrode being placed on the insulating layer and overlapping at least the part of the base zone emerging to the surface and the auxiliary zone and covering the part of the collector zone emerging to the surface, the insulating layer having a relatively

Abstract: Method and apparatus for forming silicon U-shaped carrier members from straight silicon rods using a combination of rod movement, zone heating, and controlled bending.