Abstract: The invention relates to a lumbar support for a seat backrest, having a lumbar support basket 12 arranged in a frame 10 of a seat backrest, a pulling device which changes the position of the lumbar support basket 12 relative to the frame, characterised in that the pulling device has two pull cables 16, 17 which are coupled to the lumbar support basket 12 and the frame in such a way that when tension is exerted on the pulling device the lumbar support basket 12 is moved relative to the plane defined by the frame 10 of the seat backrest.

Abstract: In order to measure the roughness of the surface of a material, in particular of a paper web, the surface of the material is illuminated with a parallel bundle of light beams and the scattering ellipse of the reflected light is evaluated. According to the invention, on optically rough surfaces the evaluation with respect to the scattering ellipse is done in a direction deviating from the major axis of the scattering ellipse.

Abstract: A color measuring device measures the light transmitted through the material to be measured as well as the light reflected therefrom and the irradiated light and measures the color reflectivity in the various spectral ranges by dividing the reflected intensity by the difference between the irradiated and transmitted intensity. The calculation of the color reflectivity in the individual spectral ranges is thus corrected to the proper extent without the need to place color tiles behind a transparent material to be measured.

Abstract: A measuring arrangement for detecting the level of combustible gases mixed with air such as methane in air includes a measuring sensor responsive to the heat-conductivity of the proportion of the gas to be detected. The effect of the ambient temperature on the heat-conductivity measurement is eliminated through a simple circuit configuration consuming low power for a measurement of heat-conductivity alone as well as for such a measurement in combination with a reaction-heat measurement. For this purpose, the heat-conductivity sensor is connected to a constant-current source. A measuring takeoff circuit for the heat conductivity is connected in parallel to the heat-conductivity sensor and is provided in the form of a series circuit including a measuring signal terminal and a compensating voltage source.

Abstract: A radiation source for infrared radiation includes an area radiator and a resistance layer which are arranged on a support substrate. The heat capacity of the radiation source is to be reduced to the extent that a modulation of the intensity of the radiation source with sufficiently high frequencies is made possible. To this end it is provided that the resistance layer is disposed in a thinned region of the support substrate.

Abstract: A wire manipulator at an individual coil winder has an arm pivotably and slidably attached to a support column itself slidable along a path parallel to a wire segment extending from a winding station to a fully wound spool at a coil changing station upon termination of a winding operation. A clamping head at the free end of the manipulator arm is provided with a wire severing device in the form of a cutting edge, an electrical circuit or a small torch.

Abstract: A process for isolating carboxylic acids from residues of the oxo reaction which are obtained as residues, on hydroformylation of ethylene or propylene, optionally after removing a part of the aldehydes produced, subsequent hydrogenation, treatment with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solutions and subsequent distillation, wherein the residues are acidified with strong mineral acids to a pH of from 2-4, the acidified mixture not containing more than 5 parts by weight of water per part by weight of the carboxylic acids contained in the mixture, the organic phase is then separated off and the carboxylic acids are isolated therefrom by distillation at pressures below 150 mbar. The carboxylic acids obtained can be used as solvents or for the manufacture of esters.