Abstract: A vehicle having an internal combustion engine and having a vacuum reservoir which is connected to at least one vacuum source and to a plurality of vacuum consumers, wherein the internal combustion engine includes a control device, an intake system with an intake line, and a crankcase, and wherein the vacuum reservoir is connected to the intake line and to the crankcase in such a way that both the intake system and also the crankcase serve as vacuum sources.

Abstract: An oil supply system for an internal combustion engine includes an oil pump, a heat exchanger, an oil feed line and two oil outlet lines, for conveying the oil from the oil pump through the oil feed line to the heat exchanger and from the latter through the two oil outlet lines. In a system of this type, there is provision for the internal combustion engine to be configured as a piston engine and for the heat exchanger to be configured as a water/oil heat exchanger, and for one oil outlet line to be connected to oil spray nozzles of the piston engine and for the other oil outlet line to be connected to a main oil line of the piston engine. An oil supply system of this type is distinguished by its simple design and functionality, and permits optimum cooling and lubrication of the relevant components of the engine.

Abstract: A vehicle having an internal combustion engine and having a vacuum reservoir which is connected to at least one vacuum source and to a plurality of vacuum consumers, wherein the internal combustion engine includes a control device, an intake system with an intake line, and a crankcase, and wherein the vacuum reservoir is connected to the intake line and to the crankcase in such a way that both the intake system and also the crankcase serve as vacuum sources

Abstract: An oil supply system for an internal combustion engine, includes an oil pump, a heat exchanger, an oil feed line and two oil outlet lines, for conveying the oil from the oil pump through the oil feed line to the heat exchanger and from the latter through the two oil outlet lines. In a system of this type, there is provision for the internal combustion engine to be configured as a piston engine and for the heat exchanger to be configured as a water/oil heat exchanger, and for one oil outlet line to be connected to oil spray nozzles of the piston engine and for the other oil outlet line to be connected to a main oil line of the piston engine. An oil supply system of this type is distinguished by its simple design and functionality, and permits optimum cooling and lubrication of the relevant components of the engine.

Abstract: In an intake module for an internal combustion engine having an intake module which includes a housing with a first volume in which air drawn in via an inlet orifice accumulates, a second volume in which the air is distributed to various cylinders of the engine and which contains inlet ports leading to inlet valves of the engine, a support module with associated throttle elements is arranged between the first volume and the second volume of the intake module within the housing so as to provide for short travel passages between the throttle elements and the intake valves of the engine.

Abstract: In an intake module for an internal combustion engine having an intake module which includes a housing with a first volume in which air drawn in via an inlet orifice accumulates, a second volume in which the air is distributed to various cylinders of the engine and which contains inlet ports leading to inlet valves of the engine, a support module with associated throttle elements is arranged between the first volume and the second volume of the intake module within the housing so as to provide for short travel passages between the throttle elements and the intake valves of the engine.

Abstract: A process determines the torque transmitted by the gas forces to the crankshaft of an internal-combustion engine. The rotational speed data which is detected by determining the angular speed of a component fixedly connected with the crankshaft is analyzed, and the rotating moment is computed from the angular speed correlated with the rotational speed by way of the moment of inertia of the engine. In addition to the rotational moment of the engine, the torques of the oscillating masses, the torsional moments of the crankshaft and the static torques resulting from all slowly variable friction moments, effective moments and load moments are determined. From a balance of these individual torques, the torque resulting form the gas forces is determined. Subsequently, the work delivered by the individual cylinders per working cycle is determined from this torque. The thus determined operating parameters is used for the engine control and/or for the on-board diagnosis.