Abstract: A distributor tube has tube slots in its shell surface transversely of the inflow direction of a fluid into the distributor tube. A casing tube is enclosed by the distributor tube and is divided into flow chambers, each of which is bounded by two annular plates and connected to an inlet sector. A star-shaped volume flow divider is located on the inlet side of the distributor tube as a tube insert, which divides the introduced mass flow rate into partial flow rates for the flow chambers. In another embodiment, the distributor tube encloses a rotationally symmetric pressure distributor, whereby the fluid within the distributor tube encounters equal pressure in the radial and axial flow directions over the inlet length of the distributor tube.

Abstract: A film for use in nonlinear optics comprises at least one Langmuir-Blodgett layer, the layer containing or comprising a dye of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 denotes a long-chain alkoxy, acyloxy, alkylamino or acylamino group. In particular when the film contains alternating layers of unsaturated amphiphilic compounds, it produces a stable multilayer having good nonlinear optical properties and is suitable, for example, for electrooptical switches, diode laser frequency amplifiers or optical parametric amplifiers.Besides the dye indicated, the unimolecular layer can additionally contain at least one second amphiphilic compound. In this case, the unimolecular layer comprises amphiphilic compounds.

Abstract: A distributor tube has tube slots in its shell surface transversely of the inflow direction of a fluid into the distributor tube. A casing tube is enclosed by the distributor tube and is divided into flow chambers, each of which is bounded by two annular plates and connected to an inlet sector. A star-shaped volume flow divider is located on the inlet side of the distributor tube as a tube insert, which divides the introduced mass flow rate into partial flow rates for the flow chambers. In another embodiment, the distributor tube encloses a rotationally symmetric pressure distributor, whereby the fluid within the distributor tube encounters equal pressure in the radial and axial flow directions over the inlet length of the distributor tube.

Abstract: A process for drying a liquid layer which has been applied to a carrier material moving through a drying zone and which contains vaporizable solvent components and non-vaporizable components, wherein a drying gas flows in the longitudinal direction of the carrier material parallel to the liquid layer and is accelerated in the drying zone in the direction of flow, is disclosed. Also disclosed is a device for accomplishing the drying process, comprising a drying channel through which the carrier material bearing the liquid layer runs in the longitudinal direction, and a gas-permeable channel-covering surface, through which the gas stream flows into the drying channel.

Abstract: Film comprising at least one unimolecular layer. A film for use in nonlinear optics comprises at least one Langmuir-Blodgett layer, the layer containing or comprising a dye of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 denotes a long-chain alkoxy, acyloxy, alkylamino or acylamino group. In particular when the film contains alternating layers of unsaturated amphiphilic compounds, it produces a stable multilayer having good monlinear optical properties and is suitable, for example, for electrooptical switches, diode laser frequency amplifiers or optical parametric amplifiers.Besides the dye indicated, the unimolecular layer can additionally contain at least one second amphiphilic compound. In this case, the unimolecular layer comprises amphiphilic compounds.

Abstract: Use of the compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 denotes C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -alkyl or C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 alkenyl, n denotes a number from 0 to 5, K.sup.(+) denotes a group of the formulae ##STR2## or a group of the formula --(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.x H, x denotes a number from 1 to 3, A.sup.(- denotes an anion, R.sub.9 denotes a group of the formula R.sub.1 '-(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.n --, C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 -alkylaryl or aryl-C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 -alkyl, R.sub.1 ' denotes C.sub.14 -C.sub.22 -alkyl or C.sub.14 -C.sub.22 -alkenyl, n denotes a number from 0 to 5 and the radicals R.sub.10 are identical and denote C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -hydroxyalkyl, as corrosion protection agents for metallic materials in aqueous media.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium salts of the formulaR.sub.1 --K.sup..sym. A.sup..crclbar.in whichR.sub.1 denotes C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -alkyl or C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -alkenyl,K.sup..sym. denotes a group of the formula ##STR1## or --.sup..sym. N(R.sub.2).sub.3, R.sub.2 denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, preferably methyl, and A.sup..crclbar. denotes an anion of one of the following formulae: R.sub.3 SO.sub.3.sup..crclbar., in which R.sub.3 is C.sub.6 -C.sub.9 -alkyl or alkenyl and the sum of C atoms in R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 should be at least 21; ##STR2## in which Hal is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, R.sub.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkenyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkoxy in positions 3, 4, 5 or 6, R.sub.5 is hydrogen or hydroxyl in positions 2 or 3, R.sub.6 is COO.sup.- or SO.sub.3.sup.- and R.sub.7 is hydrogen or methyl, with the exception of the salicylate and m-halogenobenzoate ions when combined with C.sub.16 -alkylpyridinium and C.sub.16 -alkyltrimethylammonium.

Abstract: High polymer solutions having an extremely increased drag, which are characterized in that they contain additionally one or several completely soluble or miscible compounds, that have a molecular weight of less than 500,000 and increase the viscosity of the high polymer solution to a value of 10.sup.5 Pa.s.

Abstract: Method of controlling the mobility of aqueous flows through fissures, slits or pores, in particular of flooding waters in tertiary production of crude oil, wherein cationic surfactants which, on measurement of the electric birefringence with a pulsed rectangular electrical field in pure aqueous solutions, give a measurement signal, from the decrease of which a relaxation time of 0.01 .mu.s to 10 ms, in particular of 0.1 .mu.s to 2 ms, results, are added to the aqueous medium. Preferred suitable cationic compounds are those of the general formulaR.sub.1 --K.sup.+ A.sup.-in which R.sub.1 denotes C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -alkyl or C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -alkenyl, K.sup.+ denotes a group of the formula ##STR1## R.sub.2 denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, preferably methyl, R'.sub.2 denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, preferably methyl, R".sub.2 denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, preferably methyl, or R".sub.2 denotes (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.x H, where x denotes from 1 to 3, preferably 1 to 2, and A.sup.

Abstract: Process for reducing the friction pressure drop of aqueous liquids and suspensions in turbulent or pulsating flow by adding from 1 to 1,000 ppm of linear random copolymers of the following formula I as drag reducing agents ##STR1## in which X is a Na.sup.+, K.sup.+ or NH.sub.4.sup.+ cation and Y is hydrogen or a Na.sup.+, K.sup.+ or NH.sub.4.sup.+ cation, and in which a, b, c and d represent the proportional weight ratios of the comonomers in % and a is in the range of from 30 to 98, b from 0 to 20, c from 0 to 25 and d from 0 to 45, however, wherein the sum of the portions of b and c must be at least 2, the said copolymers being obtained in the manufacturing process in the form of aqueous and dimensionally stable jellies capable of being cut, while retaining their solubility in water.

Abstract: The frictional drag of aqueous liquids and suspensions in turbulent or pulsating flow is reduced by adding 1 to 1,000 ppm of a polyacryl amide or partially saponified polyacryl amide obtained in its manufacturing process in the form of an aqueous, dimensionally stable jelly which has retained its solubility in water and is capable of being cut.