Abstract: A device for air-tempering, optionally associated with bending of glass plates includes a covering made of a metal fabric and exhibiting a thermal conductivity less than 3 and preferably less than 0.2 W.M.sup.-1.K.sup.-1. It has utility for coverings of frames intended to carry glass plates during their tempering and/or their bending and/or their transport.

Abstract: In an apparatus for bending glass panes in a horizontal position, comprising an upper bending mold and a lower frame-shaped mold, the bending force exerted by the bending mold is determined by the self-weight of the bending mold. In order that a uniform pressure shall be exerted by the upper bending mold on the entire periphery of the lower frame-shaped mold, the upper bending is mounted displaceable on its guide rods relative to them in a vertical direction and variable in its angular position relative to the guide rods. To achieve the desired relief of weight of the bending mold, the guide rods are suspended by cables from a frame which can be lowered. On the frame, hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders are disposed, which each exert, via a pulling cable acting on a guide rod, an adjustable force in the opposite direction to the self-weight of the bending mold.

Abstract: Glazings are preshaped before putting them through a step of tempering by contact. In a preferred variant, tempering by contact is applied only the central area of the glazing and the marginal zone thereof is tempered by blowing cold air.

Abstract: A ceramic transport shaft for a furnace includes a ceramic shaft member and a metal end cap into which an end of the shaft member is fitted with an annular gap between the shaft member and the end cap. A sleeve fills the gap. The shaft member, the end cap and the sleeve have such linear thermal coefficients of expansion, and the wall of the sleeve has such a radial thickness, that a change in the radial size of the gap due to thermal expansion of the shaft member and the end cap is at least equalled by a change in the radial thickness of the sleeve wall. The sleeve has one or more axial slots to absorb the circumferential expansion thereof during heating.

Abstract: A lower blow box of a device for heat tempering glass sheets in horizontal position exhibits a series of nozzle plates which are placed at a distance (A) from one another. Between nozzle plates there are obliquely placed sheet-metal chutes, U-shaped in cross section, which laterally convey out the broken glass pieces arising in the breaking of the glass sheet during tempering. The sheet-metal chutes are vibrated with a vibrator.

Abstract: A process and device for obtaining bent-tempered motor vehicle glazings exhibiting a greatly bent marginal zone comprises a glass sheet heated in a furnace and shaped by pressing the glass sheet between a solid upper form and a bending frame, of which at least one side part is bent during pressing. The side part is covered with an elastically deformable felt material and is removed from the glass sheet during tempering, while the main part of the glass sheet remains supported by the bending frame which also serves as a tempering frame.

Abstract: In an installation for bending glass panes, the glass panes are heated to bending temperature in a horizontal once-through furnace. At the end of the once-through furnace, they are taken over by an endless conveyor belt and are conveyed by this conveyor belt into the bending station, where they are bent together with the conveyor belt. The bent glass pane is conveyed of the conveyor belt into the succeeding cooling or tempering station. In order to support the bent glass pane over the largest possible area, an upper deflector roll for the conveyor belt, disposed at the exit end from the bending station, has a form corresponding to the transverse bend of the glass pane. A lower deflector roll, following the upper deflector roll, has a form complementary to the form of the upper deflector roll. In this way the relative changes in length of the conveyor belt caused by the upper deflector roll are compensated.

Abstract: A device for tempering of a glazing by contact has two cooled compression plates and a device for cooling the peripheral surface of the glazing by air jets. The device intended to cool peripheral surfaces of the glazing consists of parallelepipedic blowing ramps placed between cooling and compression plates and in which are provided slots for the cooling air jets directed toward the peripheral surface of the glazing, and exhaust openings placed between the slots. The slots have a diameter at least equal to 1 mm and at most equal to the thickness of the glazings, and the exhaust openings having a cross section which is at least three times that of slots. The dimensions of the cooling and compression plates, as well as arrangement and/or width (B) of the ramps are such that a distance (A) between the orifices of outlet slots and peripheral surface of glazing which is opposite to it is at least two times and at most six times the diameter of the slots.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing two-dimensionally bent and optionally tempered glass plates includes a roller oven (1), a pressing and bending station (2) and a cooling station (3). A lower male mold-like, full surface bending mold (10) with two-dimensionally shaped bending surface is arranged in the pressing and bending station (2). The top surface of the bending surface of the bending mold (10) is located in the conveying plane defined by the conveying rollers (5). The wall of the bending mold (10) forming the bending surface is provided with bores (14), which can be supplied with hot gas for forming a hot gas cushion. After positioning the glass plate (4) on the hot gas cushion, the female mold-like frame bending mold (11) is lowered onto the glass plate (4). The bent glass plate slides on the hot gas cushion into the cooling station (3).

Abstract: Glass plates are bent by discharging a glass plate from a suction plate onto a concave circumferential bending ring. Within the furnace (1) the glass plate is gripped by the suction plate (27) and is moved with the latter out of the furnace (1) into a combined bending and tempering station (10) and is discharged there onto the circumferential bending ring (19) located between two blowing boxes (11,13). Immediately following the discharge of the flass plate onto the circumferential bending ring (19), the suction plate (27) moves back to its starting position and the glass plate is tempered in this position.

Abstract: An apparatus for bending and tempering glass plates has a horizontal roller furnace (3) and a press bending station with two water-cooled bending molds (6,7) through whose contact the glass plates are tempered immediately following bending. At the outlet from the roller furnace (3), the glass plates (1) are taken over by a continuous flexible conveyor belt (10) and are conveyed by the latter into the bending station. During the press process the glass plate remains on the conveyor belt, which is interposed between the glass plate (1) and the lower bending mold (7). The conveyor belt (10) is made from a woven or knitted fabric of heat-resistant metal fibers and, in a direction at right angles to its surface, has a heat resistivity of 0.25.times.10.sup.-3 to 5.times.10.sup.-3 m.sup.2 .times.K.times.W.sup.-1.

Abstract: In a substantially horizontal conveyor or conveying heated glass sheets, a positioning device for aligning the sheets in a direction transverse to the conveying direction. It includes thrust rods advanced by the engagement of cam followers moving with the thrust rod on cams stationary with respect to the conveyor. Draw springs return the thrust rods to their initial position. The thrust rods are mounted on crosswise carriages, which are in turn mounted on carriages movable in the conveying direction and in synchronism with the glass sheets. The thrust rods are pivotally mounted on the crosswise carriages about horizontal axes, and so their distal ends can be displaced out of the plane of the glass sheets during the return movement of the carriage.

Abstract: A method for retreading and partially replacing the belt of a pneumatic vehicle tire, possibly accompanied by the interposition of binder layers and the use of coatings. First the replacement belt ply or plies, and then the finish-vulcanized profiled tread strip, are placed upon the tire body. A pressure treatment, possibly at an elevated temperature, is then effected. In order, along with a relatively short vulcanizing or processing time in the vulcanizing apparatus, to be able to dispense with the use of steel bandages or sleeves, the replacement belt ply or plies are vulcanized prior to placing these plies on the tire body.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for shaping a glass sheet according to which the sheet is lifted above the conveying plane by a device for supporting a glass sheet consisting of a box open at the bottom whose opening at the bottom corresponds to the shape of the glass sheet to be grasped and which is slightly smaller than the glass sheet so that, on the edges of the glass sheet, a narrow annular contact surface is formed and so that the partial vacuum prevailing in the box is limited to such a value that the weight of the glass sheet is essentially compensated for, then is applied against a bending form by a current of hot gas directed upward. The process is used in the production of shaped glazings.

Abstract: A process for bending a glass sheet, in particular one for motor vehicles, with curved areas having small radii of curvature. The bending device used is a bending press having a male type mold and a female type mold. The female type mold consists of at least two mold parts hinged together. After part of the glass sheet heated to bending temperature has been received by the bending press, at least one swivelling mold part of the female type mold is swivelled around the swivel axis, against the male type mold. An adjustable electric motor serves as the drive motor to move the swivelling mold parts. The angular velocity of the swivel action of the swivelling mold parts during the bending process is adjusted as a function of the temperature of the glass sheet and the desired degree of deformation.

Abstract: A device for air-tempering, optionally associated with bending of glass plates includes a covering made of a metal fabric and exhibiting a thermal conductivity less than 3 and preferably less than 0.2 W.M.sup.-1.K.sup.-1. It has utility for coverings of frames intended to carry glass plates during their tempering and/or their bending and/or their transport.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for shaping a glass sheet according to which the sheet is lifted above the conveying plane by a device for supporting a glass sheet consisting of a box open at the bottom whose opening at the bottom corresponds to the shape of the glass sheet to be grasped and which is slightly smaller than the glass sheet so that, on the edges of the glass sheet, a narrow annular contact surface is formed and so that the partial vacuum prevailing in the box is limited to such a value that the weight of the glass sheet is essentially compensated for, then is applied against a bending form by a current of hot gas directed upward. The process is used in the production of shaped glazings.

Abstract: A blow box for the thermal tempering of panes of glass. To temper different sizes of glass, the air supply to selected blow tubes or blow tube groups in a blow box having a blow nozzle field disposed to handle relatively large panes of glass is blocked in the edge areas of the blow box, and in this manner the blow nozzle field supplied with forced air is adapted to the shape and size of the glass pane to be tempered. The adaptation of the blow nozzle field to the shape and size of the glass panes takes place, for example, with the aid of a template-like slide block having an opening corresponding to the glass pane, which slide block is arranged inside the air distributing box immediately in front of the front plate provided with the nozzle pipelets and which can be exchanged for a different slide block.

Abstract: A method and installations for curving sheets of glass. The sheets of glass (9) are heated to the curving temperature in a horizontal position in a continuous furnace (1) and are pressed in a curving station (4) which is adjacent to the continuous furnace (1) by means of an annular frame against a solid surface curving form (40). During the pressing between the annular frame and the solid surface curving form (40), the sheets of glass (9) are pressed against said solid surface curving form (40), in the area located inside the annular frame, by the static pressure of a hot gas under pressure, with the static pressure of the gas being produced in a chamber (32) whose upper surface (33) is defined by the annular frame and is closed by the sheet of glass (9) applied in a sealed manner against said annular frame.

Abstract: A gas static bearing unit for carrying rollers which is suitable as a heat-resistant bearing inside a horizontal furnace for glass sheets. The bearing unit consists of a bearing 1 which automatically adapts to the orientation of the section of roller 27 mounted in the bearing 1 and which rests on two pins 8, 9 each having a spherical head 16, 17 as a support surface. The first spherical head 17 is mounted stationarily and oscillatingly, and the second spherical head 16 is mounted on a planar base 23 to allow pivoting and sliding around the stationary pin 9. A system of bores 30, 31, 32, 33 makes it possible to supply the rotating clearance with compressed air.