Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a pigment preparation comprising aluminum effect pigments, a solvent and at least one additive, wherein the aluminium effect pigments have a d98 value of the volume averaged particle size distribution curve of less than 15 ?m, the at least one additive is a phosphorous containing additive, and the solvent has a viscosity equal to or more than 1.8 mPa's at 25° C. The disclosure is further directed to an ink jet printing ink as well the use thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a pigment preparation comprising aluminum effect pigments, a solvent and at least one additive, wherein the aluminum effect pigments have a d98 value of the volume averaged particle size distribution curve of less than 15 ?m, the at least one additive is a phosphorous containing additive, and the solvent has a viscosity equal to or more than 1.8 mPa's at 25° C. The disclosure is further directed to an ink jet printing ink as well the use thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a pigment preparation comprising aluminum effect pigments, a solvent and at least one additive, wherein the aluminium effect pigments have a d98 value of the volume averaged particle size distribution curve of less than 15 ?m, the at least one additive is a phosphorous containing additive, and the solvent has a viscosity equal to or more than 1.8 mPa·s at 25° C. The disclosure is further directed to an ink jet printing ink as well the use thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for fumigating waste waters in a fumigation tank with fumigation enclosures (gas manifolds which are situated in parallel next to one another and at a distance from one another and rest horizontally, in whose upper sides gas outlet openings are situated and whose undersides are open, wherein mobile rotation bodies rotated by gas flow are situated for cleaning purposes in the gas outlet openings 13 of the fumigation enclosures 14 and the gas outlet openings 13 each have, in a known manner, a central countersunk section 12 enclosing an angle .alpha. of, for example, 90 to 180.degree. underneath and the remaining wall thickness 15 of the gas outlet opening 13 of each countersunk section 12 amounts to 0.5 to 2 mm. The rotation body according to the invention may comprise a top section 1 and a base section 3 which are joined to a neck section 2.

Abstract: A process for reprocessing sulfuric acid obtained in the purification of yellow phosphorous, which comprises mixing the contaminated sulfuric acid with hydrogen peroxide and reacting this mixture in a vessel containing hot concentrated sulfuric acid at 110.degree. to 210.degree. C. in the presence of FeSO.sub.4, MnSO.sub.4 or NiSO.sub.4 as a catalyst is described.

Abstract: Phosphonic acid dichlorides of the general formula I ##STR1## are made by reacting thionyl chloride with a phosphonic acid dialkylester of the general formula II ##STR2## and using, as the catalyst, a compound of the general formulae III, IV or VR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4 PX (III)R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 P (IV)R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 PO (V)in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each stand for identical or different alkyl groups or aryl groups having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, X stands for chlorine or bromine, R.sup.4 has the same meaning as R.sup.1 through R.sup.3 or stands for chlorine or bromine.

Abstract: Novel-1-phenyltetraline-1,4-diphosphonic acids of the formula ##STR1## are made by reacting 1-phenylvinyl-1-phosphonic acids at temperatures of from 120.degree.-210.degree. C.

Abstract: Novel mono- or dicarboxytetralinephosphonic acids of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R stands for hydrogen or an alkyl group,X stands for hydrogen or a carboxylic group, andY stands for hydrogen or an alkyl group are made by reacting 1-phenylvinyl-1-phosphonic acid with an unsaturated carboxylic acid of formula II ##STR2## or with its anhydride.

Abstract: Chloroisocyanuric acids are made by reacting an aqueous suspension of cyanuric acid while stirring with an alkali metal compound in the presence of chlorine gas between 0.degree. and 40.degree. C. at a pH of less than 7. More particularly, the reaction is effected in a system gastightly sealed with respect to the outside; a chlorine gas atmosphere with pressure of more than 500 millibars is established above the continuously renewed (by agitation) surface of the cyanuric acid suspension, and the pressure is maintained; the alkali metal compound is an alkali metal hydroxide solution which is added to the cyanuric acid suspension at a rate sufficient for the resulting reaction mixture to always present a pH of less than 7.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making granulated cyanuric acid. To this end, the disclosure provides for cyanuric acid granules having the particle size targeted for the final product to be used as feed material, for the said feed material, urea and water to be used in a ratio by weight of 1.5-3:1:0.04-0.08 and to be made into a preliminary mixture, and for the mixture to be allowed to stand over a period of 10 to 20 hours prior to heating it with continuous agitation to temperatures of 270.degree. to 340.degree. C. over as long a period as necessary to effect the condensation of the urea to cyanuric acid.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making derivatives of vinylphosphonic acid or vinylpyrophosphonic acid by reacting a ketone with phosphorus trichloride in the presence of phosphorous acid by using the ketone, phosphorous acid and phosphorus trichloride in a molar ratio of 2:1:1, 1 mol phosphorous acid being replaceable by a further mol phosphorus trichloride and 3 mols water.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for separating gallium and indium from an aqueous solution by subjecting this latter to liquid/liquid extraction with the use of certain classes of organylphosphonic acid esters and separating the resulting liquid phases from one another.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making derivatives of vinylpyrophosphonic acid, wherein a ketone is reacted with tetraphosphorus hexoxide (P.sub.4 O.sub.6) in the presence of a catalytically active proportion of a proton-yielding substance at elevated temperature. Vinylphosphonic acid derivatives are obtained by hydrolyzing the vinylpyrophosphonic acid derivatives with an equivalent proportion of water.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a ribbon free randomly wound yarn package is disclosed, and wherein a plurality of critical winding ratios at which undesirable pattern formations or ribbons would normally occur are determined and stored in a microprocessor control unit. During the winding operation, the spindle speed and traversing frequency are monitored by sensors and are transmitted to the control unit, and the control unit computes the optimum time for rapidly changing the traversing frequency so that the actual winding ratio moves rapidly through each of the approaching critical winding ratios. The original traversing frequency is re-established after having passed beyond each of the critical winding ratios.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to process for making derivatives of vinylphosphonic acid or vinylpyrophosphonic acid. To this end, a ketone is reacted with tetraphosphorus hexoxide in the presence of catalytic proportions of a proton-yielding substance. In the event of the products desired to be produced being vinylphosphonic acid derivatives, the vinylpyrophosphonic acid derivatives first obtained are hydrolyzed with an equivalent quantity of water.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making phosphonic anhydrides of general formula (I)(RPO.sub.2).sub.n.H.sub.2 O (I)in which R stands for an alkyl or aryl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and n stands for a value between 2 and 20. To this end, the disclosure provides for a compound of general formula (II) ##STR1## in which R has the meaning given above to be oxidized with concentrated sulfuric acid under inert gas and in the presence of a diluent at a temperature between 0.degree. and 100.degree. C., the compound of general formula (II) and sulfuric acid being used in a molar ratio of about 1:1.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a novel process for making 1-hydroxyalkane-1-phosphonic acids by reacting an aldehyde with tetraphosphorus hexoxide.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making phosphonic acid ester chlorides of the general formula (I)R--P(O) ClOR' (I)in which R stands for an alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group and R' stands for an alkyl group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group. More particularly, a compound of general formula (II)R--PCl.sub.2 (II)is reacted with a sulfuric acid monoester of general formula (III)R'--O--SO.sub.3 H (III)R and R' in formulae (II) and (III) having the meanings given above; the reactants are used in about equimolar proportions and the reaction is effected at a temperature of from -20.degree. C. to 50.degree. C. After termination of the reaction, the phosphonic acid ester chloride is separated from the reaction mixture by subjecting this latter to distillation under vacuum.

Abstract: Apparatus and a threading method in a multi-unit spinning machine for synthetic fibers with an exposed front face of each winding unit, the apparatus comprising a soundproofing screen extending across at least one winding unit, means to move the screen along the front of the machine to offer soundproofing protection as the winding unit is placed into operation, and thread insertion means in the screen including an open-ended thread insertion slot extending longitudinally of the screen from its leading side edge. The threading method permits the simultaneous actuation of a winding unit and moving of the soundproofing screen into place as the unit is threaded with the help of a suction gun.