Abstract: Compounds of the formula I, II, III and IIIa ##STR1## in which Ar.sup.1 is an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic radical and at least one of the radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is an alkenyl, cycloalkenyl or arylmethyl group, are effective photoinitiators for photopolymerization of unsaturated compounds. They are particularly suitable for photocuring of pigmented systems.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I, II, III and IIIa ##STR1## in which Ar.sup.1 is an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic radical and at least one of the radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is an alkenyl, cycloalkenyl or arylmethyl group, are effective photoinitiators for photopolymerization of unsaturated compounds. They are particularly suitable for photocuring of pigmented systems.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I, II, III and IIIa ##STR1## in which Ar.sup.1 is an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic radical and at least one of the radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is an alkenyl, cycloalkenyl or arylmethyl group, are effective photoinitiators for photopolymerization of unsaturated compounds. They are particularly suitable for photocuring of pigmented systems.

Abstract: N,N,N',N'-Tetrasubstituted 1,4-diamino-2-butenes where the substituents are alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl or mixtures thereof provide effective antioxidant protection to lubricants and/or synthetic polymers.

Abstract: N,N,N',N'-Tetrasubstituted 1,4-diamino-2-butenes where the substituents are alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl or mixtures thereof provide effective antioxidant protection to lubricants and/or synthetic polymers.

Abstract: Bisacylphosphine sulfides of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl which is substituted by phenyl, --CN, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkoxy or halogen, C.sub.2 -C.sub.18 alkenyl, unsubstituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl which is substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkoxy or halogen, unsubstituted C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 aryl or C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 aryl which is substituted by halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkoxy, or a 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic radical which contains oxygen, sulfur and/or nitrogen and is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, andR.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently of the other unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl which is substituted by phenyl, halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkoxy, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkenyl, unsubstituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.

Abstract: N,N,N',N'-Tetrasubstituted 1,4-diamino-2-butenes where the substituents are alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl or mixtures thereof provide effective antioxidant protection to lubricants and/or synthetic polymers.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which at least one of the radicals R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is a substituted alkyl radical or cycloalkyl radical, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together with the phosphorus atom form a monocyclic or tricyclic ring, are effective photoinitiators for the photopolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds.

Abstract: Silylated acylphosphine oxides of formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are defined in the specification, are highly suitable as photoinitiators for the photopolymerization of compounds which can be polymerized by means of free radicals, namely ethylenically unsaturated compounds.

Abstract: N,N,N',N'-Tetrasubstituted 1,4-diamino-2-butynes or N,N-disubstituted propargylamines where the substituents are alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenylalkyl, aryl or mixtures thereof provide effective antioxidant protection to lubricants and/or synthetic polymers.

Abstract: Propiophenones of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, --Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3, allyl or benzyl, R.sup.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl which is substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or --OH, --(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n --R.sup.5 where n is 2 to 20 and R.sup.5 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, --Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3, benzyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.4 -alkynyl or 2-tetrahydrofuranyl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkylidene radical or a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkylidene radical which is substituted by hydroxyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or phenyl, a linear or branched C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkanediyl radical, a benzylidene, cyclopentylidene or cyclohexylidene radical or a 2,2,2-trichloroethylidene, 2-furylmethylidene or dimethylsilylidene radical, R.sup.3 is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more --Cl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is 1-30 and X, Y, R, Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are as defined in claim 1 can be prepared by reaction of a benzil dialkyl ketal with a diol. Depending on the molar ratio of the two reaction components, products having a different polycondensation degree n are obtained. the compounds can be used as photoinitiators.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which a is 1, 2, or 3, R.sup.1 is an uncharged, carbocyclic or heterocyclic aromatic ring, unsubstituted or substituted, R.sup.2 is an unsubstituted or substituted cyclopentadienyl or indenyl anion, and .vertline.X.vertline..sup.a- is an a-valent anion, are suitable for use as latent curing catalysts for two-component polyurethane coatings which are activated by irradiation with actinic light or by heating.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I, II, III and IIIa ##STR1## in which Ar.sup.1 is an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic radical and at least one of the radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is an alkenyl, cycloalkenyl or arylmethyl group, are effective photoinitiators for photopolymerization of unsaturated compounds. They are particularly suitable for photocuring of pigmented systems.

Abstract: O-Alkenyl substituted hydroxylamines of formula I ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or phenylalkyl, and R.sub.3 to R.sub.7 are independently hydrogen, alkyl or substituted alkyl are very effective process stabilizers for polymeric systems providing melt flow stabilization and resistance to discoloration during processing at elevated temperatures as well as effective stabilizers for lubricant compositions.

Abstract: Liquid, highly active photoinitiators are obtained by dissolving a solid photoinitiator of a titanocene type in liquid photoinitiators of the type of the .alpha.-hydroxy- or .alpha.-amino-acetophenones or in a liquid mixture of an .alpha.-hydroxy- or .alpha.-aminoacetophenone photocuring agent with one or more other photoinitiators.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is 1-30 and X, Y, R, Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are as defined in claim 1 can be prepared by reaction of a benzil dialkyl ketal with a diol. Depending on the molar ratio of the two reaction components, products having a different polycondensation degree n are obtained. The compounds can be used as photoinitiators.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I, II or III ##STR1## in which Ar and Ar' are an oxygen-containing aromatic radical, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are a monovalent hydrocarbon radical which is substituted or unsubstituted, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form alkylene, oxaalkylene or azaalkylene, R.sup.3 is a direct bond or a divalent hydrocarbon radical, X and X' are a monovalent amino group and Y is a divalent amino or diamino group, are excellent photoinitiators for the photocuring of colored, especially pigmented, compositions containing an olefinically unsaturated, photopolymerizable binder.

Abstract: Coatings of polyisocyanates, which contain a latent catalyst of the formula I[(R.sup.1) Fe.sup.II (R.sup.2)].sub.a.sup.+ [X].sup.a- Iin which a is 1, 2 or 3, R.sup.1 is an uncharged carbocyclic or heterocyclic, unsubstituted or substituted aromatic ring, R.sup.2 is an unsubstituted or substituted cyclopentadienyl or indenyl anion and [X].sup.a- is an anion from the series comprising F.sup.-, Cl.sup.-, Br.sup.-, I.sup.-, CN.sup.-, NCO.sup.-, NCS.sup.-, CH.sub.3 COO.sup.-, CF.sub.3 COO.sup.-, SO.sub.4.sup.2-, PO.sub.4.sup.3-, NO.sub.3.sup.-, ClO.sub.4.sup.-, [(phenyl).sub.4 B].sup.-, C.sub.6 H.sub.5 SO.sub.3.sup.-, CH.sub.3 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 SO.sub.3.sup.-, CF.sub.3 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 SO.sub.3.sup.-, CH.sub.3 SO.sub.3.sup.-, CF.sub.3 SO.sub.3.sup.-, C.sub.4 F.sub.9 SO.sub.3.sup.-, C.sub.6 F.sub.13 SO.sub.3.sup.-, C.sub.8 F.sub.17 SO.sub.3.sup.-, C.sub.6 F.sub.5 SO.sub.3.sup.-, BF.sub.4.sup. -, AlF.sub.4.sup.-, AlCl.sub.4.sup.-, TiF.sub.6.sup.2-, PF.sub.6.sup.-, SbF.sub.6.sup.-, SbCl.sub.6.sup.-, GeF.sub.6.sup.

Abstract: Benzoin esters of aromatic sulfonic acids can be obtained in high yield from benzoin and the respective sulfonyl halide in molar amounts of a base by carrying out the reaction at low temperature in an organic solvent with the addition of water. Aqueous NaOh or KOH can be used as base in this process.