Abstract: A test element support comprises a heating element for heating a test element for analytical examination of a sample. The heating element comprises a substrate, which is made of at least one substrate material. The substrate comprises at least one active area configured for being heated and at least one non-active area outside the active area. The active and the non-active areas are separated by at least one thermal insulation element. The thermal insulation element has a lower thermal conductivity than the substrate material. The thermal insulation element is fully or partially embedded into the substrate. The test element support further comprises at least one heater. The heater comprises at least one heater substrate and the heater substrate is attached to the substrate, wherein the heater substrate is attached to a back face of the substrate. The back face opposes a front face of the substrate contacting the test element.

Abstract: A rotating drive for an adjusting spindle of a disk brake for motor vehicles, in particular street vehicles, has a cam lever (4), which can be rotated around an axis (19) parallel to the brake disk, comprising one cantilever (23) on each side of said lever comprising angular offset radial boreholes (24, 24') which receive radial pins (17, 17'). The pins (17, 17') reach into the double forked end of a drive lever (15), which can be rotated around an axis (20), crossing at right angles at a distance from the axis (19). The rotational movements of the drive lever (15) are transferred to a reset drive, which belongs to an adjusting spindle extending at right angles to the plane of the brake disk.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for large power transformers with a low-voltage winding, a main high-voltage winding and a step winding as well as a step switching device at a Y-point side thereof, includes, at a location between a point connecting the step winding to the high-voltage main winding and the Y-point of the transformer, a capacitor in series with a resistor is connected electrically parallel to respectively current-carrying steps of the step winding, the capacitor and the resistor being of such dimensions as to decrease resonance amplitudes of the connecting point to ground, the capacitor being constructed of spirally wound strip lines formed of a resistance alloy, the strip lines being also of such dimensions as to reduce resonance amplitudes of the connecting points.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the preparation of .alpha.-sulfofatty acid esters. More particularly, this invention is directed to a process for the simplified preparation of light-colored, wash-active esters of .alpha.-sulfofatty acids with monovalent C.sub.1 to C.sub.8 alcohols or their salts from fats and oils of vegetable and/or animal origin comprising re-esterification with the monovalent alcohols or saponification and esterification with the monovalent alcohols, separation of the fatty acid ester formed, hydrogenation of the fatty acid ester, sulfonation, and bleaching, wherein a fatty acid ester fraction from which accompanying fatty acid glycerides have been removed to the extent of about 1 percent by weight or less, based upon the weight of the material to be sulfonated, is introduced into the sulfonation stage.

Abstract: In the aerobic culture of microorganisms of the Xanthomonas genus in fermentation media, the use of water-in-oil emulsions in the media minimizes viscosity problems and enhances yields of Xanthomonas biopolymers. Preferably, the emulsion is formed with a surfactant and the microorganism is Xanthomonas campestris.

Abstract: Mixtures of vicinal aminoalkanols of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl having from 1 to 21 carbon atoms and the sum of the carbon atoms in R.sub.1 +R.sub.2 is from 6 to 22, A is a member selected from the group consisting of alkylene having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and methylalkylene having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms, y is an integer from 1 to 3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are members selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and hydroxyalkyl having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and their salts with organic carboxylic acids, said mixtures having at least two different adjacent chain lengths of ##STR2## in the range of from 8 to 24 carbon atoms with the proviso that the vicinal substituents are distributed statistically; as well as their process of preparation and their application as corrosion inhibitors.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of fine droplet-reacted sodium aluminosilicates with the smallest particle sizes, containing less than 0.1% by weight of granules exceeding 25 .mu.m in size, said aluminosilicates being insoluble in water and containing some bound water, of the general formulaxNa.sub.2 O.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.y SiO.sub.2in which x is a number from 0.2 to 1.5 and y is a number from 1.5 to 10, prepared by reacting aqueous sodium aluminate with aqueous sodium silicate in the presence of an excess of aqueous sodium hydroxide and subsequent filtration, comprising the step of separately passing a solution of sodium aluminate with a composition corresponding to the molar ratios:1 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :1 to 10 Na.sub.2 O:20 to 200 H.sub.2 Oand a solution of sodium silicate with a composition corresponding to the molar ratios:Na.sub.2 O:SiO.sub.2 from 0.1 to 10 andH.sub.2 O:SiO.sub.

Abstract: A formed epoxy resin composition comprising a condensed epoxy resin and pentabromodiphenylether; the use of pentabromodiphenylether alone or with other brominated diphenyl ethers as a flame-retardant agent for compositions containing epoxide resins especially fibrous substrates of glass and/or cellulose fibers containing epoxide resins therein.

Abstract: A continuous process for the bleaching of acid .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid esters of predominantly C.sub.16-24 fatty acids comprising continuously adding the hydrogen peroxide bleach in aqueous solution as well as from 2% to 50% by weight, based on the sulfonated esters, of a C.sub.6-18 alkylbenzene sulfonic acid, to said raw, acid .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid esters at a temperature of 40.degree. to 65.degree. C, continuously passing said mixture through a confined zone of dimensions sufficient to give a proper bleach retention time and continuously recovering bleached .alpha.-sulfo-fatty acid esters.

Abstract: Corrodible iron-containing metals (including steel) possess decreased tendency to corrode when contacted with aqueous media (including dilute strong mineral acids) when they carry a surface coating of mixtures of aminoalkanols of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represent a C.sub.1-21 alkyl; and wherein the sum of the carbon atoms in R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is 6 to 22. The vicinal ##STR2## substituents are non-terminal and are preferably uniformly distributed along the chain. The aminoalkanols are useful both in free base and in salt form.

Abstract: As an improved flame-resistant agent, pentabromodiphenyl ether and mixtures of pentabromodiphenyl ether and brominated diphenyl ethers; an agent for impregnating a mass of particles which comprises an impregnating agent, pentabromodiphenyl ether, preferably together with a plasticizer; a laminate substrate comprising a web of fibers impregnated with an impregnating agent and pentabromodiphenyl ether, said web preferably containing a plasticizer; a method of increasing the flame resistance of a continuous web impregnated with an impregnating agent which comprises including in said web pentabromodiphenyl ether.

Abstract: A process for the extraction of heavy metal ions capable of forming complexes with amines from dilute aqueous heavy metal salt solutions consisting essentially of the steps ofA. dissolving from 2% to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the dilute aqueous heavy metal salt solution, of at least one vicinal aminoalkanol of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are unbranched alkyl having from 1 to 17 carbon atoms and the sum of the carbon atoms in R.sub.1 + R.sub.2 is from 7 to 18, A is a member selected from the group consisting of alkylene having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and methylalkylene having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms, and y is an integer from 1 to 2, with the proviso that the vicinal substituents are distributed statistically, in a dilute aqueous heavy metal salt solution in the absence of organic solvents, at a temperature below the turbidity temperature of said vicinal aminoalkanols;B. heating the solution to a temperature of at least 10.degree.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement of the known continuous process for the separation of mixtures of fatty alcohols of different melting points, in which the starting mixture by treating with an aqueous wetting agent solution is converted to a dispersion of liquid fatty substances and solid fatty substance particles, the formed dispersion is separated into two phases of different specific gravities, the lighter phase consists substantially of the liquid fatty fraction and the heavier phase of a dispersion of the solid fatty particles in the aqueous wetting agent solution. After separation of this suspension the wetting agent solution is returned to the process.

Abstract: Process and agent for fatting or lubrication of leather and furs based on the salts of sulfonated chlorinated products of higher fatty acids or of esters of higher fatty acids, said fatty acids having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, especially natural fats and oils or tallow fatty acid methyl ester, having a chlorine content of 20% to 45% by weight and essentially free of olefinic double bonds and having an SO.sub.3 content of from 40 to 150 mol percent based on the chlorinated product, which agent and the leather and furs so treated are extraordinarily resistant to the effect of light, to oxidation and to acids.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in the process of alkoxylation of compounds containing alcoholic hydroxyl groups by reacting compounds containing hydroxyl groups with alkylene oxides in the presence of alkoxylation catalysts. The said improvement involves the use of a tertiary oxonium salt with a substantially non-polarizable halogeno-complex anion as the said alkoxylation catalyst. Use of such catalysts gives lower amounts of unreacted alcohols in the products, particularly when secondary alkanols of 8 to 24 carbon atoms are employed.

Abstract: A method for separating mixtures of fatty substances into components with different melting points in which a fatty substance suspension separated from a liquid fat portion is transformed by heating to temperatures between the melting point of the solid portions and about 85.degree. C by means of the usual separating devices at ordinary or increased gravity into a three-phase system which consists of molten solid particles as the lightest phase, of an intermediate aqueous phase of medium specific gravity rich in wetting agents, and of a heavy aqueous phase which is low in wetting agents, and the solid portions are then separated.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement of the known continuous process for the separation of mixtures of fatty substances of different melting points, in which the starting mixture by treating with an aqueous wetting agent solution is converted to a dispersion of liquid fatty substances and solid fatty substance particles, the formed dispersion is separated into two phases of different specific gravities, the lighter phase consists substantially of the liquid fatty fraction and the heavier phase of a dispersion of the solid fatty particles in the aqueous wetting agent solution. After separation of this suspension the wetting agent solution is returned to the process.

Abstract: A method for the purification of mixtures of fatty acids or fatty acid esters containing polyunsaturated components by heating the mixture in the presence of an organic macroporous, acid ion exchange resin having a specific surface area of at least 35 m.sup.2 /gm and devoid of gel characteristics, and then separating the purified mixture by distillation. The method is especially useful for the production of oleic acid which is relatively free of linoleic acid.

Abstract: Secondary alcohol ether ethoxylates having the formula ##EQU1## wherein R.sub.1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 4 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, x and y are integers 0 and 1, z is an average value from 3 to 18, the sum of the carbon atoms of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is from 6 to 22 and the sum of x + y is 1, as well as methods for their production and washing agent compositions containing them.

Abstract: Polyalkylene glycol ethers of .beta.-hydroxymercaptans of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, alkoxyalkyl having from 2 to 22 carbon atoms, haloalkyl having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, cycloalkylalkyl having from 6 to 22 carbon atoms and alkenyl having from 3 to 22 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are members selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, and R.sub.1 and when taken together alkylene having from 3 to 4 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the sum of the carbon atoms in R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is from 4 to 22; A is a bivalent member having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of alkylene, haloalkylene and hydroxyalkylene; n is an integer from 0 to 50; m is an integer from 1 to 50; and the sum of n and m is an integer from 1 to 50. The compounds have surface-active properties and are useful per se or as intermediates.