Abstract: A method for the dry production of a membrane-electrode unit includes assembling a layered configuration including a centrally positioned membrane produced by extrusion and pre-dried at a temperature between 80° C. and 100° C. for 15 min to 30 min, a substrate-electrode unit on each side of the membrane having an electrode layer applied to a substrate, an optional frame around each substrate-electrode unit for fixing the substrate-electrode unit, and two separating films on outer sides. The configuration is pressed together between two laminating rollers so that a pressure connection is produced at least between the membrane and the electrode layers. A short production time is achieved because it is not necessary to keep the membrane moist at high temperatures under pressure. A membrane electrode unit and a roller configuration are also provided.

Abstract: A method for the dry production of a membrane-electrode unit includes assembling a layered configuration including a centrally positioned membrane produced by extrusion and pre-dried at a temperature between 80° C. and 100° C. for 15 min to 30 min, a substrate-electrode unit on each side of the membrane having an electrode layer applied to a substrate, an optional frame around each substrate-electrode unit for fixing the substrate-electrode unit, and two separating films on outer sides. The configuration is pressed together between two laminating rollers so that a pressure connection is produced at least between the membrane and the electrode layers. A short production time is achieved because it is not necessary to keep the membrane moist at high temperatures under pressure. A membrane electrode unit and a roller configuration are also provided.

Abstract: The electrolysis occurs as a high-pressure electrolyzer, oxygen being produced on one side and hydrogen on the other side, with corresponding pressure. The gases may optionally be stored without additional compression. The PEM fuel cell process is used in reverse for the process. It is advantageous that excess energy may be used by wind power plants. In the associated device, a high-pressure electrolyzer (1) is present which is operated using environmentally friendly air power. Due to the improved operating point of the high-pressure electrolyzer, improved economy results for the generation process compared to the prior art, in particular for hydrogen as an energy storage.

Abstract: An arrangement for separating a fluid from admixtures has at least a first and a second separation unit. The separation units are of the type using an increased pressure or pressure difference for their function and have improved performance with increased pressure. The second separation unit is supplied with the fluid by a pressurising pump device. The first separation unit furnishes fluid of reduced concentration of admixtures to the pressurising pump device. It is supplied with supply fluid having reduced, the same, or elevated concentration of admixtures, preferably either taken directly from an outlet of the pump device or from an outlet of the second separation unit for fluid of increased concentration of admixtures. Overall, the concentration of admixtures in the fluid supplied to the second separation unit is decreased, leading to an increase in overall performance.

Abstract: An arrangement for separating a fluid from admixtures comprises at least a first (36) and a second separation unit (45). The separation units are of the type needing an increased pressure or pressure difference for their function of showing improved performance with increased pressure.

Abstract: The lifetime of a double-cone device (21) for creating a pressure difference in a streaming fluid can be greatly increased by moving the inlet gap (5) into the exit cone (4). This results in a short so-called diffuser (22) being obtained between the gap (5) and the orifice (19), where entry cone (3) and exit cone (4) are connected. The increased lifetime permits the double-cone device to cope with much higher flow rates. Thus higher system pressures are created which enhance the use of the double-cone for such applications as the desalination of sea water by reverse osmosis. The important application of the seperation of oil from water using a separating device such as a cyclone (57) working under elevated pressure is now feasible. The increased power of the double-cone permits one to profit more fully from the new concept of reduction of the concentration of the feed supplied to the double-cone device (21).

Abstract: With the method for manufacturing a thermally sprayed layer (2) on a substrate (1), in particular a ceramic coating is applied to a metallic body. The sprayed layer is applied to a structured surface (3, 10) of the substrate. The surface structure (3) of the substrate is produced by material removal by means of a high pressure liquid jet (4). A removal point (40) is thereby controlledly moved on the substrate while producing a macro-topography, namely by moving the liquid jet and/or the substrate. A groove-like removal track (41) is produced by the material removal which can be in a straight line or curved and which has a micro-topography. A macro-profile (3′) of the macro-topography is manufactured by placing a plurality of removal tracks next to one another and by partial overlapping of these removal tracks.

Abstract: In the method for producing a surface structure, material is ablated by means of a liquid jet (1). The jet (1) is emitted from a nozzle (10) under high pressure (p). In this an ablation location (3) is controlledly moved on a surface (20a) of a substrate (20) to be structured with the production of a predetermined macro-topography (2′) or a largely planar surface, namely through moving the nozzle and/or the substrate. The substrate is in particular part of a surgical implant. The liquid of the high pressure jet (1) is emitted at a predetermined diameter d of the nozzle with a sufficiently high pressure p so that through the material ablation a linear track (2) with quasi-fractal micro-topography (4) is produced. In this the track width D is at least twice as large as d. Values for p and d are provided in the following range: 100 bar<p<3000 bar and 0.1 mm<d<10 mm; or p>3000 bar and d>0.03 mm.

Abstract: The object comprises a glass-metal film (1) with a metal matrix (2) which has solidified in an at least partly glass-like form and which may comprise hard particles (3, 3a) in the form of primary precipitates from the molten mass. The glass-metal film (1) is provided on at least one side (4) with a top layer (5) comprising a hard material which is harder than the glass-metal film (1). The top layer (5) may be formed by a base layer (7) with embedded hard material particles (8), e.g. of diamond or cubic boron nitride, or by a homogeneous hard material, e.g. diamond-like carbon. The result is a surface quality which can be separately influenced by the composition of the alloy of the glass-metal film (1). The object may be formed either as a parting tool or as a structural part with special wear and/or sliding properties.

Abstract: The metal strip which is made in the form of a foil has hard particles in the form of plenary deposits from a melt included in a metal matrix which has solidified in vitreous form and/or which is microcrystalline. At least 50% of the hard particles have a skeletal crystal shape with a length to width ratio of at least 5. The hard particles are securely adhered within the metal strip.