Abstract: An apparatus for severing the fillets from fish rumps comprises cutting tools each composed of pairs of circular knives for cutting free the belly spokes, the back spokes and the ribs or vertebral appendages, respectively. The last mentioned cutting tool has a double function which consists in that each circular knife of this tool is associated with a guiding element, which, in its rest position, lies against the inner face of the circular knife with its guiding face. The guiding edges of the guiding elements support the vertebrae of the vertebral column and can be displaced within the cutting planes of the circular knives and can be controlled, in their displaced position, into a position in which a gap for the passage of the ribs or the vertebral appendages is opened between the inner face of the circular knives and the guiding face. The displacement of the guiding elements occurs by the effect of transporting disks, which support the vertebrae of the vertebral column on the opposing side.

Abstract: A method for dividing up fillets of fish into fillet pieces and an apparatus suitable for performing this method are described. The apparatus comprises a known skinning device, upstream of which is connected a rotating cutting device. This comprises a cutter block, which provides the fillets with incisions extending at least up to the skin. The skinning of the thus prepared fillets by the downstream skinning device brings about the release of the fillet pieces, which, if need be, are held together by the skin.

Abstract: The invention concerns a feeding aid helping the manual feeding of fish processing machines, especially those for the processing of flat fish. The aid is suitable to be used on machines which have a vertical feeding shaft receiving the flat fish respectively their rumps and comprises a cover arranged above the feeding shaft and to be folded upwards, on which cover guiding plates extending into the feeding shaft are arranged. These guiding plates oppose each other V-shaped and are pivotal against the force of a spring about their longitudinal edges facing each other, the displacement occurring by each fish arriving in the feeding shaft and thereby effecting an adaptation of the V-shaped angle to the cross sectional shape of the fish.

Abstract: In a skinning machine for double fillets of fish, in which fillets the fish strip containing the fin holders of the dorsal fins has already been separated up to the inside of the skin, a drum is arranged, against whose circumferential surface the double fillet is clamped by penetration of two round belts which surround part of the drum and penetrate into the said separation. Supported by flat belts arranged below the drum, the double fillet is guided to a triangular-shaped skinning tool held pressed against the circumferential surface, which tool severs the fillet halves from the skin.

Abstract: A device for sorting fish into uniform head-tail alignment is characterized by a truncated conic disc driven rotatingly about a horizontal axis, which disc, with its corundum-coated smaller frontal surface in connection with a gripping surface fixed to the frame of the device and opposing the frontal surface in the region above the axis, forms a gripping gap into which fish supplied with their tail end leading are introduced with their tailfins. Due to the rotation of the truncated conic disc the tail part of the fish is entrained by frictional engagement. During that process the fish is gradually placed on its tail so that a shift into the head-first position occurs, in which position the fish is set free at the end of the gripping surface.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to enable the mechanical processing in the usual manner without presorting, of fish caught in drift or stationary nets, a very high percentage of these fish thus being damaged at their heads. This is made possible in that the fish placed in troughs of a conveyor transverse to their longitudinal axis come into operational relationship on their path of conveyance with a circumferential surface of a driven rotational body moved to swing in the axial direction of the fish. Therein the head of the fish enters the wedge formed between a support surface of the conveyor and the circumferential surface of the rotational body so that the circumferential surface comes into contact with a head flank of the fish. By limiting the swinging movement of the rotational body by placing a thickness sensing element operationally related to a rotational body onto the fish the desired positioning for a beheading of the same is achieved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for raising fish into uniform belly-back position. To improve the effect of an uprighting station comprising a guiding chute for the fish lying on their side and a controlling edge arranged above the longitudinal center of the guiding chute to yield resiliently, it is suggested to form the controlling edge as a periphery of a rotatingly driven circular disk. The repulsing effect realized under the conveying operation effects a secure aligning of the fish even when their quality is influenced by distortions and deformations or damages in the head area, and also makes it possible to raise headless fish.

Abstract: A device for arranging fish in uniform head-tail alignment comprises a rotating gripping device of radially arranged pincer-like gripping elements. These form a vertical slot into which the fish led tail end first are introduced. Following the rotation of the gripping device the gripping elements are held closed in a region of a stationary sector of each one revolution so that the tail fin is grasped and the fish carried along thereby. After passing the highest point of the revolution of the gripping device the fish turns over under the effect of gravity and is then released head end leading. Fish led head first cannot enter the slot because of their thicker heads and are passed on directly.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for processing fish and introducing the same into cans. It is characterized in that the fish are placed in alternating alignment in threes or fours in troughs of a conveyor which comprises one middle trough element flanked by two outer ones and whose support surface comprises a base plate raisable and lowerable by the force of a spring. The fish brought onto the base plate are guided to a cutting device which cuts out the rump pieces of the fish and which is adjustable with regard to the desired fish length. Subsequently they are gutted by the use of low pressure. The transfer of the fish into the cans held ready in time with the troughs occurs in the lower run of the conveyor, maintaining the packing pattern predetermined by the introduction into cans by lifting the base plate. In that process the can supply is monitored such that each can is only confronted with a full trough.

Abstract: An arrangement for transmitting torque between the two rotors of a two stage rotary vane pump, consists of a coupling element, which forms between engagements on opposing faces of the two rotors, a connection which permits two degrees of freedom between the two rotors in the plane perpendicular to the rotor axis.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing fish tail pieces of the same length a fish conveyed transverse to its longitudinal axis in conveying troughs is displaced in the conveying troughs by a pulling engagement of its tail fin and is transversely cut after reaching the desired position. The device for carrying out this method comprises a gripping device in the form of a circular disc with a number of pincers which run with the trough conveyor and clampingly seize the tail fins. The diverging movement of the pincers which, due to the circular path, diverges from the conveying direction of the trough conveyor effects the displacement of the fish, this displacement being ended by the severing of the tail fin by means of a circular knife whose position can be adjusted.

Abstract: An apparatus for isotope separation by the separating-nozzle process has a horizontally disposed cylindrical housing in which a multistage radial compressor is received, the compressor being surrounded by the cooling units and separating-nozzle units of the various stages connected in cascade. The system is extremely compact and has high efficiency because it is free from excessively long flow paths.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the manufacture of molded bodies from sludges in which a plurality of sludges having different average particle sizes are subjected sequentially to filtration and dehydration in a mold to build up the molded body.

Abstract: An apparatus for isotope separation has a plurality of separating stages connected in a separation cascade. Each of the stages has a separating-nozzle unit and a heat exchanger connected upstream of the unit for abstracting heat from the compressed gas forced through said unit. According to the invention the apparatus comprises a substantially cylindrical vessel having a generally horizontal axis and is subdivided internally by a plurality of diametral partitions defining chambers between them, each of the chambers receiving a respective one of said stages. All of the heat exchangers are in line with one another and are all at the same level in said vessel, the heat exchangers having common heat exchanger tubes extending substantially the length of the vessel through all of the chambers and through the partitions.

Abstract: Isotopes are separated, e.g. uranium enrichment is carried out, by the separating-nozzle process in an apparatus which comprises a plurality of separating-nozzle units with respective skimmer diaphragms and nozzles, coolers ahead of these units and gas passages for supplying the isotope gas mixture. The devices are functionally integrated into a separation cascade with a vacuum-tight vessel having a circular plan configuration. The vessel is subdivided by partitions into sectors for the individual stages of the cascade. According to the invention the vessel has a spheroidal shape and is stiffened by the radial partitions. The vessel is set upon four plate-like supports arranged in a cruciform pattern with the separating units and coolers only being located in the respective sectors while the compressors are arranged in four structurally independent compressor assemblies disposed below the vessel in regions bracketed by the supports.

Abstract: A method of improving the mechanical resistance of coke comprises forming a liquor of fine grained coal and oil with the oil being of from 5% to 30% of the total weight, forming coal pellets of the liquor at an increased temperature of from approximately 80.degree. to 100.degree. C, and heating the pellets to transform them into coke in a known coking process. Prior to being carbonized, the pellets are advantageously coated with a separating layer of a substance preventing agglomeration, such as hematite ore, lime, fine coke, etc.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for the enhanced production of iron sponge in an induction crucible furnace by reversing the usual flow pattern produced. Upwardly flowing magnetic fields are induced at the furnace walls, causing an upwarding flow of the furnace contents at the walls thereof. This upward flow induces, in turn, a downward flow centrally of the furnace. Thus, ores introduced adjacent the top surface of the furnace contents are impacted immediately by a rapidly moving radial flow pattern toward the furnace axis and drawn immediately downward into the central portions of the furnace. The initial impact causes immediate breakup of the ore to be smelted and the immediate exposure to the central portions of furnace contents causes enhanced comingling with the heated iron bath for enhanced reduction.

Abstract: An uranium-separating apparatus having a cascade of separating stages disposed in a single unit comprises an upright column with a bottom portion, intermediate portion and top portion, subdivided by partitions into sectors. The separating elements of each stage are disposed in a respective sector and the cooling heat exchangers are located below the respective chambers while an array of compressors can be provided below these heat exchangers.

Abstract: A machine for filleting fish of various species comprising belly filleting knives for making belly cuts, bone knives for separating the vertebral appendages from the vertebrae without separating the flank fillets from the fish, rib knives for cutting the already separated vertebral appendges from the fish, and back filleting knives for finally separating the flank fillets from the fish. Also guide means are provided in close relationship with the bone knives to limit the cutting depth of the latter.

Abstract: A device for the control of the tools of a fish processing machine adapted to process fish of various species. The device comprises a first sensing element for being displaced by a fish fed through the machine, a second sensing element downstream said first sensing element for also being displaced by said fish, control means being actuated by said second sensing element to effect a fish processing tool, and means for varying the setting of the proportionality ratio of the second sensing element and the control means to the extent of displacement of the first sensing element.