Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and also a device for digitally processing OFDM signals which are emitted by a transmission apparatus with modulation symbols as information carriers, reflected at one or a plurality of objects at least to some extent and received by a receiving apparatus. The modulation symbols are extracted without prior channel equalisation from the OFDM signals received and the extracted modulation symbols are normalised by a complex division to the respectively transmitted modulation symbol. The radar analysis for determining the distance and/or determining the speed of the objects then takes place on the basis of the normalised modulation symbols. With the method and the device, on the one hand, both distance and speed of the objects can be determined independently of one another. On the other hand, the method works very reliably, as it is not influenced by the transmitted information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for angular determination and/or for increasing the angular resolution or a detectable angular range when operating antenna groups using the technique of digital beam forming (DBF), as well as a device for carrying out the method. In the method, a measurement signal with a carrier signal and a frequency-modulated signal component are received via at least one antenna group directly or after reflection on one or several objects. The angle, at which the measurement signal is received, is determined by evaluating a phase difference in the received measurement signal which occurs between adjacent antenna elements of the antenna group. The method is characterized in that for determining the phase difference the frequency-modulated signal component is also evaluated, exclusively or additionally to an evaluation of the carrier signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the operation of an antenna group (1) having M?2 transmitters and N?2 receivers (3) for the digital beamforming. In the method, a coherent transmit signal is transmitted in a transmit-receive-cycle via each of the M transmitters (2) into an area to be monitored, and a coherent receive signal from the area is recorded by each of the N receivers (3) for each transmit signal so that M·N receive signals are obtained. To each receive signal, a combination of the respective transmitting transmitter (2) and the respective receiving receiver (3) is allocated. The M·N receive signals are processed by means of digital beamforming to obtain spatial information about objects in the area to be monitored.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for angular determination and/or for increasing the angular resolution or a detectable angular range when operating antenna groups using the technique of digital beam forming (DBF), as well as a device for carrying out the method. In the method, a measurement signal with a carrier signal and a frequency-modulated signal component are received via at least one antenna group directly or after reflection on one or several objects. The angle, at which the measurement signal is received, is determined by evaluating a phase difference in the received measurement signal which occurs between adjacent antenna elements of the antenna group. The method is characterised in that for determining the phase difference the frequency-modulated signal component is also evaluated, exclusively or additionally to an evaluation of the carrier signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the operation of an antenna group (1) having M?2 transmitters and N?2 receivers (3) for the digital beamforming. In the method, a coherent transmit signal is transmitted in a transmit-receive-cycle via each of the M transmitters (2) into an area to be monitored, and a coherent receive signal from the area is recorded by each of the N receivers (3) for each transmit signal so that M·N receive signals are obtained. To each receive signal, a combination of the respective transmitting transmitter (2) and the respective receiving receiver (3) is allocated. The M·N receive signals are processed by means of digital beamforming to obtain spatial information about objects in the area to be monitored.

Abstract: A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) processes radar has a transmit aperture and a receive aperture that is of a different size from the transmit aperture. The receive aperture is separated from the transmit aperture and is divided into a number of receive sub-apertures arranged in the elevation and azimuth directions. Circuitry is used to process the received radar signal coherently by phase shifting each receive sub-aperture signal by a time and/or frequency variant phase value and by summing the resulting signals from receive sub-apertures arrayed along the elevation direction, whereby the time and/or frequency variant phase value is generated in such a way that the radar echo signal is maximized in the summed signal as the radar transmit signal runs over the earth's surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a side-looking SAR system, comprising

Abstract: A munition article is to be provided with an antenna which, by virtue of a characteristic which is uniform all around, permits interference-free reception of items of satellite navigation information, even if in the manner of an artillery projectile it is fired with spin along an elongate ballistic trajectory, so that a tail antenna with a spherical characteristic does not allow the expectation of good reception factors in relation to navigation satellites which are as high as possible above the horizon. Therefore the tip (10) of the fuse tip (11) of the projectile is equipped with a dipole satellite antenna which faces in the direction of flight. Connected to the dipole (13) which is arranged concentrically with respect to the longitudinal axis (14) of the projectile are symmetrically disposed conductor portions (15) which rest with a close fit in recesses (19) in the ballistic cap (12).

Abstract: A system for detecting the occupancy status of a seat is described. One embodiment comprises at least one transmitter of a high-frequency electromagnetic signal and at least one receiver that receives the electromagnetic signal. The receiver determines the intensity of the received signal compared to at least one threshold value, which indicates whether an occupant or part of an occupant is located between a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna. In a specific embodiment, a single transmitter and a plurality of receivers are used to determine information about the occupancy status and the position of the occupant within the seat, and the information is output to a triggering system for use in the deployment of an occupant restraint system.

Abstract: A munition article (11) is to be provided with an antenna (18) which, by virtue of a characteristic which is uniform all around, permits interference-free reception of items of satellite navigation information, even if in the manner of an artillery projectile (12) it is fired with spin along an elongate ballistic trajectory, so that a tail antenna with a spherical characteristic does not allow the expectation of good reception factors in relation to navigation satellites which are as high as possible above the horizon.

Abstract: A munition article is to be provided with an antenna which, by virtue of a characteristic which is uniform all around, permits interference-free reception of items of satellite navigation information, even if in the manner of an artillery projectile it is fired with spin along an elongate ballistic trajectory, so that a tail antenna with a spherical characteristic does not allow the expectation of good reception factors in relation to navigation satellites which are as high as possible above the horizon. Therefore the tip (10) of the fuse tip (11) of the projectile is equipped with a dipole satellite antenna which faces in the direction of flight. Connected to the dipole (13) which is arranged concentrically with respect to the longitudinal axis (14) of the projectile are symmetrically disposed conductor portions (15) which rest with a close fit in recesses (19) in the ballistic cap (12).

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for growing zeolite crystals from an aqueous solution in a metallic pressure tank for admitting pressure to the aqueous solution. Devices for feeding microwave energy into the aqueous solution comprise a capacitor between whose plates the aqueous solution is situated, one of the capacitor plates being formed by a wall of the pressure tank and the other capacitor plate being arranged in the interior of the pressure tank.

Abstract: For distance measurement using the reflected beam principle a transmission wave is transmitted with a periodically frequency modulated transmission frequency. The echo wave reflected at the target has a reception frequency which is periodically frequency modulated in the same manner, there being a transit time dependent frequency difference between the transmission frequency and the reception frequency, such frequency difference being the distance frequency which is determined as measure of the distance of the target from the transmission/reception location. Using a constant reference frequency the transmission frequency and the reception frequency are converted in a common mixer to give a transmission/reception intermediate frequencies mixture, which includes a transmission intermediate frequency formed by conversion of the transmission frequency using the reference frequency, and a reception intermediate frequency formed by conversion of the reception frequency using the reference frequency.

Abstract: A semiconductor oscillator circuit for very short waves, particularly for UHF, employing the stripline technique and utilizing capacitive voltage division in order to provide feedback. The stripline technique is employed at least, for all the discrete frequency determining (capacitive and inductive) components of the circuit and for the feedback path of the circuit. The series connection of the two capacitors forming the capacitive voltage divider is connected in parallel with a further capacitor, formed in stripline technique, whose capacitance lies in the same order of magnitude as that of one of the capacitors of the capacitive voltage divider and the two capacitors which have the same order of magnitude in capacitance are formed by two conductor electrodes which are parallel to each other at a very small mutual distance with respect to their geometric dimensions, which have a length and width corresponding to their capacitance, and which have a common return electrode.