Abstract: The invention relates to prokaryotic cells for the production of polymers containing non-canonical amino acids, and to methods for making said cells. The invention also relates to newly obtainable polymers as produced by the cells of the invention. In addition, the invention relates to new orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) and orthogonal tRNAs, which may be used in pairs and find utility in host cells such as, but not limited to, the prokaryotic cells of the invention.

Abstract: The current invention provides a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 5 or fewer occurrences of one or more sense codons; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome derived from a parent genome, wherein the synthetic prokaryotic genome comprises less than 10%, 5%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1% of the occurrences of one or more sense codons, relative to the parent genome; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 100 or more, 200 or more, or 1000 or more genes with no occurrences of one or more sense codons.

Abstract: The current invention provides a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 5 or fewer occurrences of one or more sense codons; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome derived from a parent genome, wherein the synthetic prokaryotic genome comprises less than 10%, 5%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1% of the occurrences of one or more sense codons, relative to the parent genome; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 100 or more, 200 or more, or 1000 or more genes with no occurrences of one or more sense codons.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a prokaryotic cell, wherein: at least one sense codon is reassigned to a first orthogonal tRNA synthase/tRNA pair; at least one nonsense codon which is reassigned to a second orthogonal tRNA synthase/tRNA pair; the first and second orthogonal tRNA synthase/tRNA pair are further mutually orthogonal; both the first and second orthogonal tRNA synthase/tRNA pairs preferentially recognise non-canonical, non-alpha-amino acids, and to method using such cells to produce polymers comprising non-alpha-amino acids.

Abstract: The current invention provides a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 5 or fewer occurrences of one or more sense codons; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome derived from a parent genome, wherein the synthetic prokaryotic genome comprises less than 10%, 5%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1% of the occurrences of one or more sense codons, relative to the parent genome; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 100 or more, 200 or more, or 1000 or more genes with no occurrences of one or more sense codons.

Abstract: The invention relates to prokaryotic cells for the production of polymers containing non-canonical amino acids, and to methods for making said cells. The invention also relates to newly obtainable polymers as produced by the cells of the invention. In addition, the invention relates to new orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) and orthogonal tRNAs, which may be used in pairs and find utility in host cells such as, but not limited to, the prokaryotic cells of the invention.

Abstract: The current invention provides a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 5 or fewer occurrences of one or more sense codons; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome derived from a parent genome, wherein the synthetic prokaryotic genome comprises less than 10%, 5%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1% of the occurrences of one or more sense codons, relative to the parent genome; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 100 or more, 200 or more, or 1000 or more genes with no occurrences of one or more sense codons.

Abstract: The invention relates to prokaryotic cells for the production of polymers containing non-canonical amino acids, and to methods for making said cells. The invention also relates to newly obtainable polymers as produced by the cells of the invention. In addition, the invention relates to new orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) and orthogonal tRNAs, which may be used in pairs and find utility in host cells such as, but not limited to, the prokaryotic cells of the invention.

Abstract: The current invention provides a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 5 or fewer occurrences of one or more sense codons; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome derived from a parent genome, wherein the synthetic prokaryotic genome comprises less than 10%, 5%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1% of the occurrences of one or more sense codons, relative to the parent genome; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 100 or more, 200 or more, or 1000 or more genes with no occurrences of one or more sense codons.

Abstract: The current invention provides a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 5 or fewer occurrences of one or more sense codons; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome derived from a parent genome, wherein the synthetic prokaryotic genome comprises less than 10%, 5%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1% of the occurrences of one or more sense codons, relative to the parent genome; and/or a synthetic prokaryotic genome comprising 100 or more, 200 or more, or 1000 or more genes with no occurrences of one or more sense codons.

Abstract: Engineered 23S rRNAs and methods of use thereof for translation of proteins incorporating non-standard amino acids are provided. Typically, the 23S rRNA includes one or more mutations at positions 2496-2507 relative to E. coli wildtype 23S rRNA, wherein a ribosome composed of the 23S rRNA can catalyze the covalent transfer of a non-standard amino acid from an aminoacyl-RNA onto a nascent peptide chain. For example, the 23S rRNA can include the sequence UGACUU at positions 2502-2507 relative to E. coli wildtype 23S rRNA, and optionally the sequence AGCGUGA from positions 2057-2063 relative to E. coli wildtype 23S rRNA. The 23S rRNA can include additional or alternative deletions, substitutions, insertions, or combination thereof. The compositions and methods can be used to make polypeptides and sequence defined polymers.

Abstract: Engineered 23S rRNAs and methods of use thereof for translation of proteins incorporating non-standard amino acids are provided. Typically, the 23S rRNA includes one or more mutations at positions 2496-2507 relative to E. coli wildtype 23S rRNA, wherein a ribosome composed of the 23S rRNA can catalyze the covalent transfer of a non-standard amino acid from an aminoacyl-RNA onto a nascent peptide chain. For example, the 23S rRNA can include the sequence UGACUU at positions 2502-2507 relative to E. coli wildtype 23S rRNA, and optionally the sequence AGCGUGA from positions 2057-2063 relative to E. coli wildtype 23S rRNA. The 23S rRNA can include additional or alternative deletions, substitutions, insertions, or combination thereof. The compositions and methods can be used to make polypeptides and sequence defined polymers.