Abstract: A vapor based liquid purification system and process utilizes an evaporator for evaporating a liquid into a vapor and a vapor condenser for condensing the vapor into the processed liquid. The vapor condenser has a stator and a rotor, with the rotor disposed for rotation about the stator. The stator and the rotor each have protrusions proximate to an inlet of the vapor condenser. These protrusions cooperate to draw vapor from the evaporator into the vapor condenser. The stator and the rotor each further have at least one axially extending ridge. These ridges cooperate to move a mixture of the vapor and the processed liquid towards at least one drain in the rotor where the processed liquid is communicated to an outlet of the vapor condenser. A multi-level vapor based purification system may also be utilized.

Abstract: A display cell has a pair of abutting substrates, each including a non-display portion, which may be of reduced-thickness. A conductor-bearing flat cable abuts upon the surfaces of a gap formed between the substrate non-display portions. Electrode lead conductors are fabricated upon at least one of the substrate portions and are electrically and mechanically connected to associated cable conductors.

Abstract: A display cell has a pair of abutting substrates, each including a non-display portion, which may be of reduced-thickness. A conductor-bearing flat cable abuts upon the surfaces of a gap formed between the substrate non-display portions. Electrode lead conductors are fabricated upon at least one of the substrate portions and are electrically and mechanically connected to associated cable conductors.

Abstract: An electrical conductor interconnect is disclosed which permits hard-to-contact substrates, such as the glass substrate in liquid crystal display cells, to be connected to electrical apparatus by conventional soldering techniques. The interconnect conductor involves the use of a polymer loaded with both a conducting powder and a non-noble metal powder whose top surface is coated with a contiguous layer of an adherent solderable metal by an augmentation replacement reaction.

Abstract: Liquid crystal displays having indicia-forming electrodes arranged in four parallel planes, with all coplanar electrodes in each plane electrically isolated from each other and from the electrodes in the remaining planes and individually energizable for displaying indicia in a multiplicity of different modes, dependent upon the patterns of energization of various electrodes.

Abstract: A solid-state driver circuit having a relatively low output impedance, for supplying proper drive voltage to a liquid crystal display cell and the like, utilizes metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors and avalanche diodes to provide a driver requiring a relatively small area to facilitate integration of a large number of driver circuits upon a single integrated circuit chip.

Abstract: Each of an array of capacitive touchpad sensors has a single touchpad electrode fabricated upon a substrate and accessible to user personnel, with series coupling and shunt capacitance being provided respectively between a driving generator and the touchpad electrode, and the touchpad electrode and an array ground. Each capacitive touchpad sensor operates with a sense amplifier to provide a high density sensor array requiring relatively low driving voltage amplitudes and may be utilized with driven shields and a normalization network to provide reliable capacitance sensing with reduced sensitivity to contamination of the surface of the sensor array.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a pair of electrodes separated by the liquid crystal layer, with at least one of the electrodes fashioned of a background portion and N segmented portions. Each segment is selectively energizable with a first waveform, having the same frequency, but a different phase, relative to the waveform energizing the background areas of the same electrode. The remaining electrode is selectively driven by one of a multiplicity of phase-shifted waveforms of the same frequency, to facilitate the display of characters, symbols and other indicia in one of 2.sup.N+1 display states.

Abstract: A laminated capacitive touch-pad having a thin film touch-plate electrode deposited upon a first (exterior) surface of a first, relatively thin dielectric layer and having spaced transmitter and receiver electrodes deposited upon a second surface of the first layer within the outline of and opposite to the touch electrode, with a relatively thick backing layer of dielectric material laminated upon the second surface to provide a total thickness, as measured between the furthest opposed surfaces of the first and second layers, as required for high voltage insulation purposes and to provide additional impact strength. The touch, transmitter and receiver electrodes may be of thin film construction.

Abstract: A dynamic biasing capacitance is formed between a transmitting electrode and a receiving electrode of a capacitive touch-pad device to couple a portion of the scan voltage signal into the sense node of a voltage comparator circuit, coupled to the receiving electrode, to offset the comparator circuit threshold voltage. The dynamic biasing capacitance may be formed by overlapping portions of the electrodes, with a dielectric layer positioned therebetween, or by the parasitic capacitance between aligned end surfaces of the two electrodes, with the magnitude of the dynamic biasing capacitance being adjusted by variation of interelectrode geometries.

Abstract: An MOS voltage reference includes four MOS transistors connected in feedback circuit relationship, with the ratio of device width to length being essentially the same in the first two devices in order to provide an output voltage which is substantially constant over a range of input voltages and of temperatures.

Abstract: An array of charge storage devices each including a pair of closely coupled conductor-insulator-semiconductor cells, one a row line connected cell and the other a column line connected cell, is provided on a common semiconductor substrate. The potential well associated with the row connected cell is deeper than the potential well associated with the column connected cell. Read out of charge stored in a row of devices is accomplished by lowering the absolute potential of the row line to a first level to cause the charges stored in the row connected cells to be transferred to column connected cells of the row. The voltage on each of the column lines is then lowered in absolute magnitude in sequence to a second level to cause the charges to be transferred from the column connected cells to the row connected cells. The charge induced on the row line during transfer of charge from the column connected cells to the row connected cells is sensed to provide non-destructive readout of the stored charges.