Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for creating a background model of a scene using both a pixel based approach and a context based approach. The combined approach provides an effective technique for segmenting scene foreground from background in frames of a video stream. Further, this approach can scale to process large numbers of camera feeds simultaneously, e.g., using parallel processing architectures, while still generating an accurate background model. Further, using both a pixel based approach and context based approach ensures that the video analytics system can effectively and efficiently respond to changes in a scene, without overly increasing computational complexity. In addition, techniques are disclosed for updating the background model, from frame-to-frame, by absorbing foreground pixels into the background model via an absorption window, and dynamically updating background/foreground thresholds.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for normalizing and publishing alerts using a behavioral recognition-based video surveillance system configured with an alert normalization module. Certain embodiments allow a user of the behavioral recognition system to provide the normalization module with a set of relative weights for alert types and a maximum publication value. Using these values, the normalization module evaluates an alert and determines whether its rareness value exceed a threshold. Upon determining that the alert exceeds the threshold, the module normalizes and publishes the alert.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for analyzing a scene depicted in an input stream of video frames captured by a video camera. Bounding boxes are determined for a set foreground patches identified in a video frame. For each bounding box, the techniques include determining textures for first areas, each including a foreground pixel and surrounding pixels, and determining textures for second areas including pixels of the background model image corresponding to the pixels of the foreground areas. Further, for each foreground pixel in the bounding box area, a correlation score is determined based on the texture of the corresponding first area and second area. Pixels whose correlation scores exceed a threshold are removed from the foreground patch. The size of the bounding box may also be reduced to fit the modified foreground patch.

Abstract: A behavioral recognition system may include both a computer vision engine and a machine learning engine configured to observe and learn patterns of behavior in video data. Certain embodiments may be configured to detect and evaluate the presence of sea-surface oil on the water surrounding an offshore oil platform. The computer vision engine may be configured to segment image data into detected patches or blobs of surface oil (foreground) present in the field of view of an infrared camera (or cameras). A machine learning engine may evaluate the detected patches of surface oil to learn to distinguish between sea-surface oil incident to the operation of an offshore platform and the appearance of surface oil that should be investigated by platform personnel.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for detecting sudden illumination changes using radiance consistency within a spatial neighborhood. A background/foreground (BG/FG) component of a behavior recognition system may be configured to generate a background image depicting a scene background. Further, the (BG/FG) component may periodically evaluate a current video frame to determine whether a sudden illumination change has occurred. A sudden illumination change occurs when scene lighting changes dramatically from one frame to the next (or over a small number of frames).

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for generating a sequence of symbols based on input data for a neuro-linguistic model. The model may be used by a behavior recognition system to analyze the input data. A mapper component of a neuro-linguistic module in the behavior recognition system receives one or more normalized vectors generated from the input data. The mapper component generates one or more clusters based on a statistical distribution of the normalized vectors. The mapper component evaluates statistics and identifies statistically relevant clusters. The mapper component assigns a distinct symbol to each of the identified clusters.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for generating a syntax for a neuro-linguistic model of input data obtained from one or more sources. A stream of words of a dictionary built from a sequence of symbols are received. The symbols are generated from an ordered stream of normalized vectors generated from input data. Statistics for combinations of words co-occurring in the stream are evaluated. The statistics includes a frequency upon which the combinations of words co-occur. A model of combinations of words based on the evaluated statistics is updated. The model identifies statistically relevant words. A connected graph is generated. Each node in the connected graph represents one of the words in the stream. Edges connecting the nodes represent a probabilistic relationship between words in the stream. Phrases are identified based on the connected graph.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for building a dictionary of words from combinations of symbols generated based on input data. A neuro-linguistic behavior recognition system includes a neuro-linguistic module that generates a linguistic model that describes data input from a source (e.g., video data, SCADA data, etc.). To generate words for the linguistic model, a lexical analyzer component in the neuro-linguistic module receives a stream of symbols, each symbol generated based on an ordered stream of normalized vectors generated from input data. The lexical analyzer component determines words from combinations of the symbols based on a hierarchical learning model having one or more levels. Each level indicates a length of the words to be identified at that level. Statistics are evaluated for the words identified at each level. The lexical analyzer component identifies one or more of the words having statistical significance.

Abstract: Systems and methods for viewing a scene depicted in a sequence of video frames and identifying and tracking objects between separate frames of the sequence. Each tracked object is classified based on known categories and a stream of context events associated with the object is generated. A sequence of primitive events based on the stream of context events is generated and stored together, along with detailed data and generalized data related to an event. All of the data is then evaluated to learn patterns of behavior that occur within the scene.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for normalizing and publishing alerts using a behavioral recognition-based video surveillance system configured with an alert normalization module. Certain embodiments allow a user of the behavioral recognition system to provide the normalization module with a set of relative weights for alert types and a maximum publication value. Using these values, the normalization module evaluates an alert and determines whether its rareness value exceed a threshold. Upon determining that the alert exceeds the threshold, the module normalizes and publishes the alert.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for creating a background model of a scene using both a pixel based approach and a context based approach. The combined approach provides an effective technique for segmenting scene foreground from background in frames of a video stream. Further, this approach can scale to process large numbers of camera feeds simultaneously, e.g., using parallel processing architectures, while still generating an accurate background model. Further, using both a pixel based approach and context based approach ensures that the video analytics system can effectively and efficiently respond to changes in a scene, without overly increasing computational complexity. In addition, techniques are disclosed for updating the background model, from frame-to-frame, by absorbing foreground pixels into the background model via an absorption window, and dynamically updating background/foreground thresholds.

Abstract: A behavioral recognition system may include both a computer vision engine and a machine learning engine configured to observe and learn patterns of behavior in video data. Certain embodiments may provide image stabilization of a video stream obtained from a camera. An image stabilization module in the behavioral recognition system obtains a reference image from the video stream. The image stabilization module identifies alignment regions within the reference image based on the regions of the image that are dense with features. Upon determining that the tracked features of a current image is out of alignment with the reference image, the image stabilization module uses the most feature dense alignment region to estimate an affine transformation matrix to apply to the entire current image to warp the image into proper alignment.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for creating a background model of a scene using both a pixel based approach and a context based approach. The combined approach provides an effective technique for segmenting scene foreground from background in frames of a video stream. Further, this approach can scale to process large numbers of camera feeds simultaneously, e.g., using parallel processing architectures, while still generating an accurate background model. Further, using both a pixel based approach and context based approach ensures that the video analytics system can effectively and efficiently respond to changes in a scene, without overly increasing computational complexity. In addition, techniques are disclosed for updating the background model, from frame-to-frame, by absorbing foreground pixels into the background model via an absorption window, and dynamically updating background/foreground thresholds.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for creating a background model of a scene using both a pixel based approach and a context based approach. The combined approach provides an effective technique for segmenting scene foreground from background in frames of a video stream. Further, this approach can scale to process large numbers of camera feeds simultaneously, e.g., using parallel processing architectures, while still generating an accurate background model. Further, using both a pixel based approach and context based approach ensures that the video analytics system can effectively and efficiently respond to changes in a scene, without overly increasing computational complexity. In addition, techniques are disclosed for updating the background model, from frame-to-frame, by absorbing foreground pixels into the background model via an absorption window, and dynamically updating background/foreground thresholds.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for creating a background model of a scene using both a pixel based approach and a context based approach. The combined approach provides an effective technique for segmenting scene foreground from background in frames of a video stream. Further, this approach can scale to process large numbers of camera feeds simultaneously, e.g., using parallel processing architectures, while still generating an accurate background model. Further, using both a pixel based approach and context based approach ensures that the video analytics system can effectively and efficiently respond to changes in a scene, without overly increasing computational complexity. In addition, techniques are disclosed for updating the background model, from frame-to-frame, by absorbing foreground pixels into the background model via an absorption window, and dynamically updating background/foreground thresholds.

Abstract: A machine-learning engine is disclosed that is configured to recognize and learn behaviors, as well as to identify and distinguish between normal and abnormal behavior within a scene, by analyzing movements and/or activities (or absence of such) over time. The machine-learning engine may be configured to evaluate a sequence of primitive events and associated kinematic data generated for an object depicted in a sequence of video frames and a related vector representation. The vector representation is generated from a primitive event symbol stream and a phase space symbol stream, and the streams describe actions of the objects depicted in the sequence of video frames.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for analyzing a scene depicted in an input stream of video frames captured by a video camera. Bounding boxes are determined for a set foreground patches identified in a video frame. For each bounding box, the techniques include determining textures for first areas, each including a foreground pixel and surrounding pixels, and determining textures for second areas including pixels of the background model image corresponding to the pixels of the foreground areas. Further, for each foreground pixel in the bounding box area, a correlation score is determined based on the texture of the corresponding first area and second area. Pixels whose correlation scores exceed a threshold are removed from the foreground patch. The size of the bounding box may also be reduced to fit the modified foreground patch.

Abstract: A machine-learning engine is disclosed that is configured to recognize and learn behaviors, as well as to identify and distinguish between normal and abnormal behavior within a scene, by analyzing movements and/or activities (or absence of such) over time. The machine-learning engine may be configured to evaluate a sequence of primitive events and associated kinematic data generated for an object depicted in a sequence of video frames and a related vector representation. The vector representation is generated from a primitive event symbol stream and a phase space symbol stream, and the streams describe actions of the objects depicted in the sequence of video frames.

Abstract: A behavioral recognition system may include both a computer vision engine and a machine learning engine configured to observe and learn patterns of behavior in video data. Certain embodiments may provide image stabilization of a video stream obtained from a camera. An image stabilization module in the behavioral recognition system obtains a reference image from the video stream. The image stabilization module identifies alignment regions within the reference image based on the regions of the image that are dense with features. Upon determining that the tracked features of a current image is out of alignment with the reference image, the image stabilization module uses the most feature dense alignment region to estimate an affine transformation matrix to apply to the entire current image to warp the image into proper alignment.

Abstract: A behavioral recognition system may include both a computer vision engine and a machine learning engine configured to observe and learn patterns of behavior in video data. Certain embodiments may be configured to learn patterns of behavior consistent with a person loitering and generate alerts for same. Upon receiving information of a foreground object remaining in a scene over a threshold period of time, a loitering detection module evaluates the whether the object trajectory corresponds to a random walk. Upon determining that the trajectory does correspond, the loitering detection module generates a loitering alert.