Abstract: Compositions and methods for in vivo delivery of pharmaceutically active agents associated with hydroxyapatite (HAP). Compositions comprising a pharmacologically active agent and HAP in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, the composition providing controlled release of the pharmacologically active agent when introduced into the body. The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier can be a polymer paste or gel which may contain a second pharmacologically active agent. Methods of making and administering a controlled release compositions for the delivery of a pharmacologically active agent, such as a nucleic acid, in combination with a polycationic polymer and in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, to a mammal in a pharmaceutically effective amount.