Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-speed transmission on a central axis (6a), comprising a drive-side hollow shaft (4a) and an output-side hub sleeve (I) and two, at least two-stage, planetary gearboxes (EG, NSG), arranged coaxially therebetween or therein, each gearbox having sun gears, planetary gears which are connected to one another via associated frames, and ring gears, and each can be shifted into a direct drive and into a plurality of stepped conversion modes, wherein the first planetary gearbox (EG) is driven on its frame (8) and can be selectively shifted, by means of three clutches (20, 30, 40), into the direct drive or by axially fixing individual sun gears (9c,9d) into said transmission modes, and the second planetary gearbox (NSG) can be shifted by further clutches (50, 60, 70, 80, 90) by means of an axial fixing of the sun gear (204) when the input drive and output drive are shifted between its ring gear (200) or frame (202) into a conversion mode at a low speed and into a conversion mode at high

Abstract: A roughing grinding tool has a supporting body and at least one abrasive circle. The supporting body includes an abrasive grain for roughing grinding. The supporting body serves to support the at least one abrasive circle and itself for roughing grinding. The roughing grinding tool is easy to produce and robust and has a high removal capacity in conjunction with a long service life.

Abstract: A drive train for muscle-driven single-track or multi-track vehicles with a crank-driven bottom bracket gearbox which is connected on the output side to a chain or belt drive from which a chain or belt leads directly or shiftably to a pinion to a rear wheel hub. belt leads directly or switchably in each case to a pinion to a rear wheel hub, wherein in addition to the bottom bracket gearbox, which is designed as a primary gearbox with n speeds or with variable transmission ratio, a rear-mounted gearbox is also arranged in the drive train as a switchable rear wheel hub gearbox with m=two or m=three speeds, wherein n and m are natural numbers. In addition to the bottom bracket gearbox, which is designed as a primary gearbox with n speeds, the drive train also includes a rear-mounted gearbox as a shiftable rear wheel hub gearbox with m=two or m=three speeds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-speed transmission on a central axis (6a), comprising a drive-side hollow shaft (4a) and an output-side hub sleeve (I) and two, at least two-stage, planetary gearboxes (EG, NSG), arranged coaxially therebetween or therein, each gearbox having sun gears, planetary gears which are connected to one another via associated frames, and ring gears, and each can be shifted into a direct drive and into a plurality of stepped conversion modes, wherein the first planetary gearbox (EG) is driven on its frame (8) and can be selectively shifted, by means of three clutches (20, 30, 40), into the direct drive or by axially fixing individual sun gears (9c,9d) into said transmission modes, and the second planetary gearbox (NSG) can be shifted by further clutches (50, 60, 70, 80, 90) by means of an axial fixing of the sun gear (204) when the input drive and output drive are shifted between its ring gear (200) or frame (202) into a conversion mode at a low speed and into a conversion mode at high

Abstract: The invention relates to an objective pivoting device (1) for pivoting an objective which is concentrically arranged in said device, about two perpendicular swiveling axes (A—A; M—M) which cross each other at a common apex in the optical axis of the objective. The inventive device comprises pivoting adjustment means (20, 21) which are respectively provided with a cable drive having three cable sections (20A–20C; 21A–21C), the first cable section (20A, 21A) extending from an adjustment axle coil (22A, 23A) to the first of the bearing elements (15, 40), the second section (20B, 21B) extending from said first bearing element to a second bearing element (15, 40) which is coaxial in relation to the first, and the third cable section (20C, 21C) returning from said second bearing element to a second coil (22B, 23B) of the adjustment axle (22C, 23C) of the pivoting adjustment means (20, 21).

Abstract: The invention relates to an objective pivoting device (1) for pivoting an objective which is concentrically arranged in said device, about two perpendicular swivelling axes (A-A; M-M) which cross each other at a common apex in the optical axis of the objective. The inventive device comprises pivoting adjustment means (20, 21) which are respectively provided with a cable drive having three cable sections (20A-20C; 21A-21C), the first cable section (20A, 21A) extending from an adjustment axle coil (22A, 23A) to the first of the bearing elements (15, 40), the second section (20B, 21B) extending from said first bearing element to a second bearing element (15, 40) which is coaxial in relation to the first, and the third cable section (20C, 21C) returning from said second bearing element to a second coil (22B, 23B) of the adjustment axle (22C, 23C) of the pivoting adjustment means (20, 21).

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a device for determining an intensity and/or color and/or sharpness profile in each case of an optical lens system (3), which projects a test pattern (1) consisting of measuring fields (5), wherein the projection is directed indirectly or directly in each case toward a sensor area (6) of electronic color and brightness sensors of high resolution, whose measured signals, which are correlated to the measuring fields (5), are sent to a computer (60), which determines from these the intensity and/or color and/or sharpness profile and/or distortion propagation profile, outputs them to an image processing system (62) for an electronic image flaw correction of images (B) that were generated by an identical lens system (3), and stores them or temporarily stores them on a data carrier (61).

Abstract: A method for improving the definition of a digital image whose pixels are memorized light intensity values which are arranged in rows and columns in the form of a starting matrix Axy. A matrix section Aij is enlarged by reflection and subjected to a fast Fourier transform. The transformed matrix Bij is converted by elementary multiplication with an aberration correction matrix Cij to give a correct transformed matrix B′ij. This is transformed back into an intensity matrix A′ij from which a core section is set to a corrected intensity matrix A′xy. Following this, one matrix section after another is stagger-processed until a completely corrected intensity matrix A′xy has been obtained. The correcting function can be determined in different ways, in particular from an MFT of the imaging lens.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a device designed to enable an objective concentrically placed therein to pivot about two mutually perpendicular axis crossing at a point of intersection on the optical axis (X) of the pivoting objective (Y, Z), maintained in an objective holder (OH) which may be pivotably laid into bearings (L1, L2) with two degrees of freedom of a ball surface; said bearings (L1, L2) are mounted against a holding frame (HR) with swivel setting means (KY, KZ) provided thereon, one of which is operatively linked with a meridian sector gear (SZ1, SZ2) and the other with an equatorial sector gear (SZ1, SZ2; SY1, SY2) being torsion-proof driven due to a torsional safety device (FK, FN), each on a circle about a point of intersection on the axis (M), while each equatorial sector gear (SY1, Sy2) may swivel in a pivoting bearing (KK1, KK2) and placed movable into a guide (SA) on a meridian circle on the objective holder (OH).

Abstract: A camera is described with objective lens and image reception carrier equipment and a focussing process. From related extension measured distances (x1-x2, x2-x3, .delta.b), final adjusted, set-point focus values (.theta..sub.soll, .PHI..sub.soll) are obtained in the course of the focussing of various image points (B1, B2, B3) for a multiply pivotable, bellows camera which produces the pivoting angles (.alpha., .beta., .theta., .PHI.), the latter used for a double focussing compensation; by this means, the direct making of an exact spatial interval distance measurement between the objective lens carrier (OT) and the and image carrier (BT) is dispensed with, since at least a relatively accurate extension measurement (.delta.b) at a predetermined objective lens setting is obtained and evaluated.The optical bench (OB) can be equipped with a raster arrangement for the image carrier (B1), the objective lens carrier (OT) and be constructed in sections (OB1, OB2).