Abstract: The ultra-filtration in a hemodialysis operation is controlled by a control apparatus which is connected to a balancing device (1) and to a dosing device (9) to form a closed loop control circuit for the metered supply of dialysis concentrate into the balancing device and for the metered supply of fresh dialysis solution into the dialyzer. The closed loop control circuit controls the alternating supply of fresh dialysis solution into one chamber of a balancing device and the withdrawal of used-up dialysis solution from the other chamber of the balancing device. The closed loop control circuit also controls a pump for the metered withdrawal of used-up dialysis solution out of the dialysis circulatory system. The dosing device operates as a proportionality device to produce fresh dialysis solution from water and dialysis concentrate whereby the concentrate is dosed and the dialysis solution is also dosed or metered.

Abstract: Apparatus for removing fluid from and supplying fluid to the human body in substantially equal quantities includes a double tube pump (1), a measuring chamber (2), and a supply container (4), the pump being arranged to deliver fluid from the supply container to the body by a line (13) while removing fluid at an equal rate from the measuring chamber, which receives fluid from the body by a line (1). The measuring chamber is provided with sensing means (8,9) which supply signals in response to variations in the level of fluid in the measuring chamber to a controller (7) which controls the pump motor speed. For use in diuresis and haemofiltration, an additional single pump (14) in a discharge line (16) from the measuring chamber is controllable by a device (18) to remove excess fluid from the measuring chamber. The double pump is the same as that described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,108,575.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the ultra-filtration in connection with a hemodialysis treatment comprises a plurality of storage containers for the dialysis liquid. These containers are connected in parallel to each other and to the circulatory system of the dialysis liquid by groups of valves which are controlled by an automatic timer mechanism in such a manner that these containers are operatively connected to the circulatory system in a timed sequence. The groups of valves are operatively connected to the inlet and outlet ports of these containers. In addition to the main pump for circulating the dialysis liquid, there is a branching pump for withdrawing a dialysis liquid proportion from the system and a pump for filling the containers with a fresh dialysis liquid.

Abstract: A system for obtaining body fluids for continuous chemical analysis thereof includes a catheter for obtaining the material to be measured. The surface of the catheter is partially coated with a semi-permeable filter membrane. From the rear side of the filter membrane a plurality of channels are provided which communicate with a series of internal ducts which provide a fluid flow path for the material to be analyzed. The ducts are operatively coupled to a suction device pump and analyzing apparatus which are located remote from the catheter.

Abstract: The present blood exchange apparatus comprises a plurality of main layers acked to form a package. Each main layer includes a membrane envelope enclosing an intermediate netting layer. Spacers space the main layers so that blood may flow between adjacent main layers and an exchange liquid may flow within the intermediate netting layers. The facing ends of a package are embedded in a pourable sealing compound in such a manner that the spaces between adjacent membrane envelopes are open. After securing the spacers to each facing end of the main layers, the spacers and thus the layers are connected and then dipped into a curable sealing compound. The spacers have corner extensions which extend out of the sealing compound. Holes in the corner extensions expose the intermediate netting layers.

Abstract: Apparatus for rinsing body cavities includes a double tube pump (1) for simultaneously pumping fluid into a storage vessel (4) for subsequent feed through a catheter (K) and pumping discharged fluid from a measuring vessel (9) at the same rate, so that surplus fluid with the discharge can be measured. The measuring vessel has sensors (11,12) which switch on and switch off the pump when fluid in the measuring vessel falls or rises to predetermined levels. An additional pump (13) may be provided for the surplus fluid extraction. The double tube pump comprises a pair of parallel identical tubes (24a, 24b) with joined end connections (34,35) in a stator (21) which are squeezed by common rollers (32) mounted in a rotor (27).(FIG.

Abstract: The present electronic indicator or display device is equipped with adjustable upper and/or lower limit value markers to provide a respective alarm if such limit values are exceeded or not reached. The display itself comprises an electronic circuit and optical display elements such as light emitting diodes connected to the display circuit. An input to the display circuit is adapted to receive rated or limit value input signals which are displayed as respective markers and the position of which is adjustable. A time multiplexing circuit controls the timed sequence of the signals supplied to the display elements. A comparator compares the measured signal value with the rated value or values and monitors the proper function of the system.

Abstract: A haemofiltration apparatus includes a combined blood pump (1a) and filtrate pump (1b). The pressure on the inlet side of the filtrate pump may be adjusted by a cone valve (14) mounted on a diaphragm (12) which opens to admit air when the inlet pressure falls below a predetermined value which is set by a valve spring (16) provided with an adjustment screw (15). The other side of the diaphragm may be connected to the atmosphere or to an air trap (6) in the blood pump circuit.

Abstract: In peritoneal dialysis apparatus, flushing liquid is pumped into a supply vessel (4) which is then emptied into the body cavity through a valve (5) and a catheter (6). The supply vessel is then refilled while the cavity is drained back through the catheter into a receptacle (11) of the same weight and dimensions as the supply vessel. The supply vessel and receptacle are suspended at opposite ends of a balance beam (12) and when they are in balance after the receptacle has been filled, a valve (8) isolates the receptacle from the catheter and surplus fluid from the cavity is collected in a measuring vessel (15) through a valve (9), the receptacle being emptied through a valve (10).

Abstract: There is provided a novel type of ion selective membrane comprising a non-ion selective carrier, and an ion selective active phase molecule having a hydrophilic segment and a lipophilic periphery. In the preferred embodiment said molecule is a siloxane molecule whose Si-O-Groups are open chain, branch chain or cyclically oriented. These ion selective membranes are useful in the selective detection of alkali- and alkaline-earth metals. There is further provided an electrode for use with such a membrane.

Abstract: A portable artificial kidney designed for continuous use includes a catheter with filter properties. The body portion of the catheter has an infusion duct which opens into the surface of the catheter and is provided with surface channels which are covered by a semi-permeable membrane. Ducts are provided which communicate with the channels. One duct is operatively coupled to a suction pump to remove the filtrate. Another duct serves to supply a rinsing solution and the infusion duct serves to replace the liquid which has been filtered off.

Abstract: The present blood flow monitoring and control apparatus is especially use in connection with the so-called single needle technique, for example, for treatments such as dialysis, perfusion, or diafiltration. The blood pressure control is accomplished by a measuring chamber including a pressure equalizing device operatively connected between the blood cleaning apparatus and the blood pump. Sensors are operatively connected to the volume measuring chamber. The volume sensors provide electric control input signals to a control circuit which in turn controls the blood pumps and/or valves. A reading may be provided on a display or an alarm may be given when the blood pressure or blood quantity or volume is not within predetermined limits as calculated by an electronic computer.

Abstract: A dialyser with a housing includes a pair of inflow and outflow pipes for ood and dialysis solution, and a tubular ring body formed from a plurality of hollow filaments joined to one another at their ends and positioned in the housing such that one pair of the pipes is in communicating relationship with open ends of the hollow filaments and the other pair of the pipes communicates with the interstices between adjacent filament forming said tubular ring body. The invention also provides a dialyser cartridge and a method of manufacturing such cartridge.

Abstract: The present mass transfer apparatus between two media is especially adapted to blood dialysis. To assure an undisturbed flow of the blood through the dialyser and to avoid coagulation all flow channels are shaped to avoid dead corners and choking zones so that the blood is prevented from forming wakes or so-called "dead waters" in its flow path. For this purpose a hollow space is formed adjacent to the open ends of the hollow fibers. The inlet and/or outlet to this hollow space may extend radially axially or tangentially.

Abstract: A dialyzer with a housing includes a pair of inflow and outflow pipes for blood and dialysis solution, and a tubular ring body formed from a plurality of hollow filaments joined to one another at their ends and positioned in the housing such that one pair of the pipes is in communicating relationship with open ends of the hollow filaments and the other pair of the pipes communicates with the interstices between adjacent filament forming said tubular ring body. The invention also provides a dialyzer cartridge and a method of manufacturing such cartridge.