Abstract: A method generating chlorine dioxide is provided. The method uses sodium chlorite solution and diluted sulfuric acid to generate chlorine dioxide with a significantly higher rate of conversion of chlorite to chorine dioxide than has been previously reported with sulfuric acid/chlorite chlorine dioxide generation.

Abstract: A method utilizing chlorine dioxide and nitrous acid or other non-charged chemical species for the treatment of biosolids to destroy pathogens is provided. The method uses chlorine dioxide to modulate the ORP of the matrix, acidification of the sludge (biosolids) to a pH of less than 4.0, and provides for the addition of nitrous acid for enhanced disinfection in a closed system to prevent volitalization.

Abstract: A method utilizing chlorine dioxide and, optionally, and acid or other non-charged chemical species for the treatment of biosolids to destroy pathogens is provided. The method uses chlorine dioxide to modulate the ORP of the matrix. In one embodiment, the invention employs acidification of the sludge (biosolids) to a pH of less than 4.0, and provides for the addition of nitrous acid for enhanced disinfection in a closed system to prevent volitalization.

Abstract: A method utilizing bacterial strains to degrade fats, oils, and greases in grease interceptors is provided. The method uses bacteria commonly known in the art, and is combined with a mechanism to restock or reseed the trap at intervals, and to inactivate or remove bacteria that have mutated and are no longer effective at metabolizing fats, oils, and greases.

Abstract: A method utilizing chlorine dioxide and nitrous acid or other non-charged chemical species for the treatment of biosolids to destroy pathogens is provided. The method uses chlorine dioxide to modulate the ORP of the matrix, acidification of the sludge (biosolids) to a pH of less than 4.0, and provides for the addition of nitrous acid for enhanced disinfection in a closed system to prevent volitalization.

Abstract: A novel chlorine dioxide production apparatus, or reactor, is disclosed. The reactor receives reactants from two or more feed pipes under pressure, and the reactants react in a reaction chamber that operates under elevated pressure and within a specified temperature range. A gaseous product, such as chlorine dioxide, is generated and is released directly into a liquid stream for bleaching, disinfection, and other purposes. Also disclosed is a novel system for production of quantities of chlorine compounds from commercial grades of starting materials, and methods of using the reactor in situ for bleaching, and for disinfection, decontamination, and sterilization of flows of water or other liquids. An automated system for multiple points of addition of chlorine dioxide to a flow to be treated is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods, apparatuses, and systems for treatment of a liquid flow comprising addition of a chemical treatment at at least two locations along a side stream of a main flow of said liquid, in which the dosing by such additions is sufficient to treat the entire main flow upon return of the side stream to the main flow. Algorithms are utilized to control the additions at the locations of addition of chemical treatments. In a typical embodiment, one chemical addition is principally proportional to the flow rate of the liquid flow, and the other chemical addition is principally adjusted based on signals from a primary measuring device that measures a parameter in the flow after one or both chemical additions. The addition of chlorine dioxide as the chemical treatment, to disinfect wastewater, is discussed.

Abstract: Apparatus for positioning a workpiece, such as a piston ring, which has an out-of-round inner circumferential face with a radially inwardly directed portion that deviates from the out-of-round contour. The apparatus includes first and second spaced cylindrical rollers each having a diameter which is substantially less than the diameter of the workpiece. Means are provided for rotating the rollers in the same direction about their respective longitudinal axes. Braking means, which is interposed between the rollers and may be in the form of a brake shoe, has a frontal face positioned with respect to the peripheral surfaces of the rollers so that the frontal face contacts only the portion of the inner circumferential face of the workpiece which deviates from the out-of-round contour.