Abstract: Production of aldehydes and alcohols by hydroformylation of olefinically unsaturated compounds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen at elevated temperature and superatmospheric pressure in the presence of carbonyl complexes of metals of group 8 of the Periodic System which have been modified with trisubstituted phosphines in which two substituents are lower alkyl radicals and the third substituent is a higher aliphatic radical. Aldehydes and alcohols are known to be solvents; they are used on a large scale for the production of plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride.

Abstract: Production of aldehydes and alcohols by oxo synthesis involving the reaction of olefinic compounds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen at elevated temperatures and under elevated pressures in the presence of amine-modified carbonyl complexes of cobalt or rhodium. Diamino diphenyl alkanes are used as modifying agents.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of aldehydes and alcohols by the oxo process comprising the reaction of olefinically unsaturated compounds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen at elevated temperatures and elevated pressures in the presence of carbonyl complexes of metals in Group VIII of the Periodic Table modified by trisubstituted organic phosphines and in the presence of alkali or alkaline earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, the improvement comprising the use of modifying agents which consist of trisubstituted organic phosphines containing one or more carboxylic acid groups, at least one of which is present in the form of its alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt.