Abstract: A method and an apparatus serve for treating workpieces with a treating liquid, in particular for cleaning metallic workpieces prior to a heat-treatment to be performed thereafter. The workpieces are introduced into a washing vessel. The washing vessel is then closed air-tight. A vacuum is then generated in the washing vessel. Further, a duct is opened between the washing vessel and a tank containing the treating liquid. For filling the washing vessel, the vacuum is adjusted to a level such that the treating liquid is drawn into the washing vessel under the action of the vacuum.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus serve for drying industrial barrels (60). The industrial barrels (60) are positioned on an inclined base (12, 20) and are enclosed by a pressure-tight vacuum hood (30). A suction pipe (40) that is connected with the vacuum hood (30) extends through a bunghole (63) provided in the tilted barrel (60) at its lowest point (71) where the residual liquid quantity (70) gathers. A heating rod (55) is arranged inside the suction pipe (40). The suction pipe (40) is connected to a vacuum pump (48). The heated suction pipe (40) removes from the interior of the barrel (60) at first die liquid residual liquid quantity (70), and then the vaporizing residual liquid. Compared with conventional methods, using hot steam for drying, this method leads to cost savings and an improved drying effect (FIG. 1 ).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for treating workpieces with a fluid, in particular for cleaning metallic workpieces prior to a subsequent heat treatment are disclosed. The workpieces are positioned in an air-tight washing vessel. The vessel is filled with an immersion bath substantially covering the workpieces and having a temperature of between 50.degree. C. and 90.degree. C. After closing the washing vessel it is evacuated down to a vacuum having a pressure being below the saturation vapor pressure of the fluid at the prevailing temperature. Thus, the fluid starts to boil although its temperature is substantially below the boiling temperature of the fluid at atmospheric pressure. After a certain period of time of maintaining the vacuum and the boiling, the vacuum is relieved and the bath is discharged.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for treating workpieces with a fluid, in particular for cleaning metallic workpieces prior to a subsequent heat treatment are disclosed. According to claimed method the workpieces are positioned in a washing vessel and are entirely overflowed with a pressureless swell of a treating fluid. After a certain period of time, a discharge opening in the vessel is closed so that an immersion bath is filled in. When the workpieces are entirely immersed in the treating fluid, the fluid is agitated by means of air bubbles. During subsequent bath discharge the workpieces are continuously overflowed by the treating fluid in order to avoid chemical reactions with the ambient atmosphere. Finally, the workpieces are dried by means of a vacuum dryer.

Abstract: A coextrusion head for the continuous production of laminated tubes to be used as parisons in blow molding. The tubes consist of a plurality of layers of synthetic resins. The synthetic resin layers include one or more supporting layers, usually a barrier layer, and adhesive layers as necessary. The layers are brought together by axial, annular feed passageways within the coextrusion head prior to the laminated tube being extruded through a nozzle in the head. Frequently one layer, generally the barrier layer, has different flow characteristics than those of the other layers, whereupon structural defects can arise in the formed tube. The apparatus described forestalls such structural defects by feeding the various layers into confluence in a manner that precludes, or sufficiently minimizes, the time layers having differing flow characteristics have contact with feed passageway walls while in confluence.

Abstract: An industrial furnace for heat-treating metallic workpieces has separate heating and cooling chambers. The latter uses a circulating cooling gas, the flow of which against or past the workpieces produces cooling or gas-quenching. The furnace may have another chamber for oil-quenching lying below the gas-cooling chamber. In order to enable the gas cooling to operate quickly and efficiently, a cooling box fed with air by ventilator fans is provided in the shape of a tunnel, with internal surfaces above and at both sides of the effective cooling space constituted by interchangeable nozzle plates (or blank plates if no nozzle openings are desired at the top or at the sides). The workpieces to be cooled rest on a platform which may be raised or lowered to adjust the distance from the top nozzle plate or lowered into an oil bath. The nozzle plates provide a choice of nozzle patterns for different articles or groups of articles to be cooled after heat treatment.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing viscous substances or substances which can be made viscous during processing has a casing, in whose bore is arranged a rotatable disk rotor, which comprises a shaft provided with disks. The disks only have a limited clearance relative to the bore wall and define between them a chamber, which has an outlet in front of a damming-back point. In order to provide a self-cleaning construction of the disk rotors and particularly the damming-back points, at least two disk rotors are arranged in axially parallel, partly interpenetrating bores. The disks of one disk rotor project into the chambers of the other disk rotor and the outer circumference thereof is substantially clearance-free with respect to the shaft.

Abstract: A pump for viscous substances is constructed in such a way that it is constructionally simple and insensitive to foreign bodies. For this purpose, a plurality of shafts which are rotated in the same direction are arranged in a casing. Disks are fitted to the shafts and these disks are substantially clearance-free with respect to the corresponding wall portion of a recess and an adjacent shaft. At least one such disk and at least one adjacent shaft and the associated wall portion of a recess define a chamber. A plurality of such chambers are arranged in series and are interconnected by in each case an overflow duct.