Abstract: A high voltage silicon rectifier includes a substrate portion and an epitaxial mesa portion that is a frustrum of a pyramid with a substantially square cross section and side walls that make a forty five degree angle with the substrate portion. The mesa portion includes three germanium doped layers that introduce strain to speed up recombination of charge carriers.

Abstract: Significant reduction in the cost of fabrication of shallow junction, Schottky or similar semiconductor devices without sacrifice of functional characteristics, while at the same time achieving the advantages is achieved, after the non-polishing cleaning step is essentially performed, by subjecting the substrate to conditions which move disadvantageous factors within said substrate into a space substantially at said surface, followed by substantially removing said factor-containing space from said substrate chemical removal step, followed etching and vapor deposition steps. Although these new steps add time, and therefore cost, to the overall process, the devices under discussion when produced by known industry processes require yet more time, and involve yet more expense, so that the total process represents a substantial reduction in the cost of their manufacture while producing devices which are the equivalent or superior in electrical performance to such devices which are made by known industry processes.

Abstract: Sets of six steering diodes and an ungated Thyristor are simultaneously formed into surge protection circuit modules by mass production techniques. An extended lead frame is provided with three spaced parallel leads for each module. The leads are connected at one end by a bridge. The sets of components are arranged along the lead frame in a fixture. By heating, each lead is soldered between a pair of steering diodes and the steering diodes on each side of the lead frame are soldered to different conductive plates. A thyristor is soldered between the plates. The partially formed modules are removed as a unit from the fixture and may be encased simultaneously. The bridge is removed to separate the modules and the leads trimmed and bent as required.