Abstract: A fuel composition contains (a) a medium substantially free of to free of sulphur; (b) a detergent/dispersant additive; and (c) a liquid fuel where the medium substantially free of to free of sulphur is an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent, and where the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent is present from at least about 50 wt % to about 100 wt % of the total amount of the medium. The fuel composition is prepared by a process and is useful in a process, where the fuel composition includes a medium that is a hydrocarbon or a nonhydrocarbon or a mixture thereof, to increase the efficiency of an exhaust after-treatment device of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A fuel composition contains (a) a medium substantially free of to free of sulphur; (b) a detergent/dispersant additive; and (c) a liquid fuel where the medium substantially free of to free of sulphur is an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent, and where the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent is present from at least about 50 wt % to about 100 wt % of the total amount of the medium. The fuel composition is prepared by a process and is useful in a process, where the fuel composition includes a medium that is a hydrocarbon or a nonhydrocarbon or a mixture thereof, to increase the efficiency of an exhaust after-treatment device of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Internal combustion engines exhibit improved efficiency of the emissions control system by using a lubricating oil composition of a base oil, an alkali or alkaline earth metal-containing detergent; a metal salt of one or more phosphorus-containing compounds represented by the formula (I), wherein X1 and X2 are independently O or S, and R1 and R2 are independently hydrocarbyl groups, the average total number of carbon atoms in R1 and R2 for the one or more phosphorus-containing compounds being at least 10.4; and an acylated nitrogen-containing compound having at least about 10 alphatic carbon atoms and a TBN of at least about 2; the lubricating oil composition being characterized by a phosphorus concentration of up to about 0.12% by weight and the substantial absence of copper, thereby generating a lean-phosphorus containing exhaust gas.

Abstract: A fuel composition contains (a) a medium substantially free of to free of sulphur; (b) a detergent/dispersant additive; and (c) a liquid fuel where the medium substantially free of to free of sulphur is an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent, and where the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent is present from at least about 50 wt % to about 100 wt % of the total amount of the medium. The fuel composition is prepared by a process and is useful in a process, where the fuel composition includes a medium that is a hydrocarbon or a nonhydrocarbon or a mixture thereof, to increase the efficiency of an exhaust after-treatment device of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A lubricant composition suitable for fuel injected two-stroke cycle engines includes an oil of lubricating viscosity, an amount, sufficient to reduce or prevent piston scuffing, of a mixture of (A) at least one phenol selected from (A-1) an aminophenol and (A-2) a reaction product of a nitrophenol and an amino compound, and (B) at least one Mannich dispersant, amine dispersant, nitrogen-containing carboxylic dispersant, or ester dispersant. The composition further includes an amount, sufficient to reduce degradation of the lubricant composition upon exposure to oxygen or oxides of nitrogen, of a nitrogen-containing inhibitor, a hindered phenol inhibitor, or a sulfur-containing organic inhibitor.

Abstract: Lubricant compositions are disclosed which comprise (A) at least one neutral or basic metal salt of at least one acidic organic compound, wherein the metal in the salt is magnesium, barium or a mixture thereof, and (B) optionally at least one hydrocarbyl-substituted ashless dispersant in which each hydrocarbyl substituent has a number average molecular weight up to about 1500, provided that the compositions contain no more than 0.06 weight percent calcium, not more than 0.5 weight-percent hydrocarbyl-substituted ashless dispersant in which a hydrocarbyl substituent has a number average molecular weight greater than about 1,500, and optionally not more than 0.5 weight-percent of polymeric viscosity improvers such as olefin copolymer, styrene-diene, and/or polymethacrylate viscosity improvers. Additive concentrate formulations for making such lubricant formulations are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention describes additives for fuels for use in diesel engines.

Abstract: The present invention describes additives for fuels for use in diesel engines. The additive comprises(A) an alkylene oxide condensate or the reaction product thereof and an alcohol, and(B) a monocarboxylic fatty acid, and(C) a reaction product of a hydrocarbyl substituted amine and formaldehyde, and(D) a hydrocarbyl amine, or the reaction product thereof and an alhylene oxide.

Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions for internal combustion engines are described with comprise (A) a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity, and minor amounts of (B) at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by reacting (B-1) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (B-2) at least one amine compound characterized by the present within its structure of at least one HN< group (C) at least one partial fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol, and (D) at least one metal salt of a dihydrocarbyl dithiosphosphoric acid. The oil compositions also may contain (E) at least one carboxylic ester derivative composition, and/or (F) at least one neutral or basic alkaline earth metal salt of at least one acidic organic compound.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition is described which is useful in spark-ignited engines which may be fueled with gasoline, alcohol, or mixtures of both. More particularly, lubricating oil compositions for spark-ignited engines are described which comprise (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity; (B) at least one detergent selected from the group consisting of a basic magnesium salt of an organic acid or a mixture of at least one basic magnesium salt of an organic acid and another alkaline earth metal salt of an organic acid wherein the metal in the mixture is predominantly magnesium; and (C) at least one metal salt of (C-1) a substituted succinic acid acylated polyamine; or (C-2) a hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic carboxylic acid containing at least one hydroxyl group attached to an aromatic ring, provided that the metal of said metal salt (C) is not calcium or magnesium.

Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions for internal combustion engines are described with comprise (A) a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity, and minor amounts of (B) at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by reacting (B-1) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (B-2) acylating agent of at least one amine compound characterized by the presence within its structure of at least one NH< group, and wherein the substituted succinic acylating agent consists of substituent groups and succinic groups wherein the substituent groups are derived from a polyalkene, (C) at least one basic alkali metal salt of sulfonic or carboxylic acid, and (D) at least one metal salt of a dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphoric acid. The oil compositions also may contain (E) at least one carboxylic ester derivative compositions, and/or (F) at least one neutral or basic alkaline earth metal salt of at least one acidic organic compound and/or (G) at least one partial fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol.

Abstract: Fuel economy of internal combustion engines, especially gasoline engines, is improved by lubricating such engines with specific lubricant compositions in which the essential ingredients are a specific sulfurized composition and a basic alkali metal sulfonate. Additional ingredients may include at least one oil-dispersible detergent or dispersant, a viscosity improving agent, and a specific salt of a phosphorus acid.