Abstract: This invention relates to a water-cooled lance suitable for top-blowing molten metal with oxygen entraining hydrogen extraneously to the lance characterized in that the oxygen nozzle (1) thereof includes an annular passage (8) which converges and then diverges inwardly towards the longitudinal axis of the lance and the hydrogen nozzle (9) is an inner nozzle which includes a right circular cylindrical axial passage through a member (7) centrally located in the oxygen nozzle.

Abstract: The invention relates to the removal of carbon from ferrous metals to reduce the carbon content to a very low proportion by preparing a molten superheated bath of ferrous metal in an oxygen converter, oxygen blowing this bath in conventional manner to partially remove the carbon from the metal and thereafter subjecting the metal to a hign velocity high temperature water vapor flame jet, allowing the stable volatile carbon compounds resulting therefrom to separate from the metal and then removing the metal from the bath. The water vapor jet will be formed by the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen at the jetting orifice of a converter lance and will have a carbon oxides content of less than 1 volume percent.