Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating nano particles, including but not limited to nano particles of Ceo, at high concentration. The invention uses a solid aerosol disperser in communication with a furnace tube having a vaporization chamber and a dilution chamber. A heating element surrounds the furnace tube. Heat from the heating element heats bulk materials contained within a gas flow in the vaporization chamber to a temperature sufficient to convert the bulk materials to a vapor phase. Vaporized bulk materials are then moved to a dilution chamber, where an inert gas is introduced through a dilution gas port. The flow of the inert gas into the dilution chamber through the dilution gas port is sufficient to eject the bulk material from the exit of the dilution chamber, thereby condensing the bulk material into nano sized particles in a gas flow of sufficient volume to prevent agglomeration of the nano sized particles.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating nano particles, including but not limited to nano particles of Ceo, at high concentration. The invention uses a solid aerosol disperser in communication with a furnace tube having a vaporization chamber and a dilution chamber. A heating element surrounds the furnace tube. Heat from the heating element heats bulk materials contained within a gas flow in the vaporization chamber to a temperature sufficient to convert the bulk materials to a vapor phase. Vaporized bulk materials are then moved to a dilution chamber, where an inert gas is introduced through a dilution gas port. The flow of the inert gas into the dilution chamber through the dilution gas port is sufficient to eject the bulk material from the exit of the dilution chamber, thereby condensing the bulk material into nano sized particles in a gas flow of sufficient volume to prevent agglomeration of the nano sized particles.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and apparatus for stable generation and delivery of solid nano-particles in aerosols that simultaneously maintain high nano-particle concentration, and which avoid coagulation and agglomeration of the nano-particles. The apparatus includes a Collison nebulizer is in communication with a plenum. The Collison nebulizer includes a port for introducing a helium gas flow into the Collison nebulizer. The plenum includes component(s) for providing flow of uniform axially symmetrical dry air around the nano-particles entrained in the helium gas flow in the plenum. Preferably, the plenum includes an uniformity screen and a reduction in the plenum circumference downstream from the uniformity screen. In some preferred aspects, the invention provides methods of introducing nanoparticles into the lungs of test animals. The present invention allows more than 0.5 mass % of the nano-particles to be deposited in an animal's lungs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating nano particles, including but not limited to nano particles of Ceo, at high concentration. The invention uses a solid aerosol disperser in communication with a furnace tube having a vaporization chamber and a dilution chamber. A heating element surrounds the furnace tube. Heat from the heating element heats bulk materials contained within a gas flow in the vaporization chamber to a temperature sufficient to convert the bulk materials to a vapor phase. Vaporized bulk materials are then moved to a dilution chamber, where an inert gas is introduced through a dilution gas port. The flow of the inert gas into the dilution chamber through the dilution gas port is sufficient to eject the bulk material from the exit of the dilution chamber, thereby condensing the bulk material into nano sized particles in a gas flow of sufficient volume to prevent agglomeration of the nano sized particles.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and apparatus for stable generation and delivery of solid nano-particles in aerosols that simultaneously maintain high nano-particle concentration, and which avoid coagulation and agglomeration of the nano-particles. The apparatus includes a Collison nebulizer is in communication with a plenum. The Collison nebulizer includes a port for introducing a helium gas flow into the Collison nebulizer. The plenum includes component(s) for providing flow of uniform axially symmetrical dry air around the nano-particles entrained in the helium gas flow in the plenum. Preferably, the plenum includes an uniformity screen and a reduction in the plenum circumference downstream from the uniformity screen. In some preferred aspects, the invention provides methods of introducing nanoparticles into the lungs of test animals. The present invention allows more than 0.5 mass % of the nano-particles to be deposited in an animal's lungs.

Abstract: A system includes a client which can communicate through a network and a database layer with any of several databases. The client communicates with the database layer using a public network communication protocol, in a manner independent of respective protocols specific to each of the databases. The database layer handles communication with each database according to the respective protocol of that database.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating nano particles, including but not limited to nano particles of Ceo, at high concentration. The invention uses a solid aerosol disperser in communication with a furnace tube having a vaporization chamber and a dilution chamber. A heating element surrounds the furnace tube. Heat from the heating element heats bulk materials contained within a gas flow in the vaporization chamber to a temperature sufficient to convert the bulk materials to a vapor phase. Vaporized bulk materials are then moved to a dilution chamber, where an inert gas is introduced through a dilution gas port. The flow of the inert gas into the dilution chamber through the dilution gas port is sufficient to eject the bulk material from the exit of the dilution chamber, thereby condensing the bulk material into nano sized particles in a gas flow of sufficient volume to prevent agglomeration of the nano sized particles.

Abstract: A system includes a client which can communicate through a network and a database layer with any of several databases. The client communicates with the database layer using a public network communication protocol, in a manner independent of respective protocols specific to each of the databases. The database layer handles communication with each database according to the respective protocol of that database.

Abstract: A system (10) includes a client (14, 21) which can communicate through a network (12) and a database layer (29) with any of several databases (31-33). The client communicates with the database layer using a public network communication protocol, in a manner independent of respective protocols specific to each of the databases. The database layer handles communication with each database according to the respective protocol of that database.

Abstract: A system (10) includes a network (12) of the type used to interconnect computers, and a plurality of real telephones (21-26) which are each coupled to the network. A gateway unit (36) is coupled to the network and also to some other communication media, such as trunk lines (37) of a public switching telephone network (38). A virtual phone server (32) provides a virtual simulation of one or more telephones, for purposes of providing the system with the capability to function as an inbound call center and/or an outbound call center. A call manager server (31) provides overall system control relative to the gateway unit, the virtual phone server and the telephones. Several computers (16-19) may also optionally communicate with each other over the network.

Abstract: For use in a communications network capable of establishing a bonded call between first and second endpoints using at least two bonded communication channels, a subsystem for preserving a relative latency of the at least two bonded communication channels to allow the bonded call to be transferred to a third endpoint. The subsystem includes: (1) a buffer depth index detection circuit that detects learned values of buffer depth indices associated with the bonded call and stored at a first location and (2) a buffer depth index transmission circuit, coupled to the buffer depth index detection circuit, that transmits the learned values to a second location accessible by the third endpoint to allow the bonded call to be transferred to the third endpoint without requiring the third endpoint to relearn the values.

Abstract: For use in a communications network having a source and destination endpoint that employs a video transmission protocol in which the destination endpoint of a video stream receives a release command from the source endpoint of the video stream to begin displaying the video stream, the destination endpoint normally receiving the release command only after completion of a capabilities negotiation between the destination endpoint and the source endpoint, a system for, and method of, multicasting the video stream from the source endpoint to at least one destination endpoint.