Abstract: An integrated optical device is made starting with a substrate of lithium niobate. A fluoropolymer solution is applied to coat at least part of the substrate. The substrate having fluoropolymer coat is prepared such that a metal film will adhere to the fluoropolymer coating. Next, an electrode is created by applying a metal film to the fluoropolymer coat. The preparing step is preferably accomplished by heating the substrate with the fluoropolymer coating on it such that the fluoropolymer coating is annealed, the annealing of the fluoropolymer coating improving the adhesion of the metal film to the fluoropolymer coating. Alternately, the preparing of the substrate having fluoropolymer coating includes, simultaneously with the application of the metal film, cooling the substrate with the fluoropolymer coating by contacting a thermal sink with the substrate with the fluoropolymer coating.

Abstract: A payoff system for an optical cable to be carried by a moving vehicle includes a spool containing an optical fiber, and rearwardly of the spool is a cone of energy-absorbing material such as foam rubber, carpeting, fabric and the like. The rearward end of of the cone is provided with a eyelet through which the cable is threaded, followed by a braking system consisting of a pair of flat blocks or plates, and downstream of the plates is an outlet cone or eyelet.