Abstract: A coreless filter comprises a pleated, spirally wound loop of material disposed in a housing. The loop includes a layer of filter material, such as a membrane filter, interposed between two support layers.

Abstract: A coreless filter comprises a pleated, spirally wound loop of material disposed in a housing. The loop includes a layer of filter material, such as a membrane filter, interposed between two support layers.

Abstract: A flexible inflatable polymer film filter assembly or device is provided in pouch or sleeve form for filtration of fluid comprising at least one fluid porous dead-end filter panel located internally within the pouch or sleeve with the opposite end edges of the filter panel sealed respectively to first and second polymer film fluid-barrier panels that form the pouch or sleeve so that the respective pouch or sleeve is divided into separate internal chambers, one of which may serve for collection of permeate fluid. The device has a flat two-dimensional form when empty but can assume an inflated three-dimensional form when containing fluid under pressure. The device being constructed of sterilizable thin plastic film, can be cut into transverse segments (for purposes of analysis, further processing, etc.) which can be a segment comprising each filter panel or a segment containing a liquid or non-liquid fluid permeate.

Abstract: A flexible inflatable filter assembly or device is provided in pouch or sleeve form for filtration of fluid comprising at least one fluid porous dead-end filter panel located internally within the pouch or sleeve with the opposite end edges of the filter panel sealed respectively to first and second polymer film fluid-barrier panels that form the pouch or sleeve so that the respective pouch or sleeve is divided into separate internal chambers, one of which may serve for collection of permeate fluid. The device has a flat two-dimensional form when empty but can assume an inflated three-dimensional form when containing fluid under pressure. The device being constructed of sterilizable thin plastic film, can be cut into transverse segments (for purposes of analysis, further processing, etc.) which can be a segment comprising each filter panel or a segment containing a liquid or non-liquid fluid permeate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatically analyzing seed characteristics. The seeds are placed one each in associated cells in a tray and the cells are filled with a deionized liquid such as distilled water. After a predetermined period of time, the conductivity of the resultant exudates are measured to provide a visual indication of the seed characteristics such as viability, vigor, and physical damage. In the apparatus, a probe head having a plurality of electrode pairs is placed on the tray so that each electrode pair is immersed in the exudate in each of the cells. An electrical potential is established between each electrode pair and the current flowing therebetween is sequentially scanned to automatically provide a visual indication of the exudate conductivity for each of the seeds in the tray cells. Preferably, the electrodes are first brought to the same potential to stabilize the exudate before establishing the potential difference across the electrodes which creates the current flow.