Abstract: A fluid injector assembly extending along a longitudinal axis comprising a housing, and an injector positioned within the housing, the injector comprising a injector body having an interior cavity, a plunger positioned within the interior cavity and comprising a plunger body, a fluid delivery passage along at least a portion of the plunger body, and a plunger tip positioned at a downstream end of the plunger body, the fluid delivery passage comprising a longitudinal passage and at least one internal swirl passage, and the internal swirl passage being angled relative to the longitudinal axis and extending from the longitudinal passage to an opening upstream of the plunger tip, and a nozzle positioned at a downstream end of the injector body and including at least one nozzle passage, fluid being delivered from an upstream end of the injector to the at least one nozzle passage through the fluid delivery passage.

Abstract: A fluid injector assembly extending along a longitudinal axis comprising a housing, and an injector positioned within the housing, the injector comprising a injector body having an interior cavity, a plunger positioned within the interior cavity and comprising a plunger body, a fluid delivery passage along at least a portion of the plunger body, and a plunger tip positioned at a downstream end of the plunger body, the fluid delivery passage comprising a longitudinal passage and at least one internal swirl passage, and the internal swirl passage being angled relative to the longitudinal axis and extending from the longitudinal passage to an opening upstream of the plunger tip, and a nozzle positioned at a downstream end of the injector body and including at least one nozzle passage, fluid being delivered from an upstream end of the injector to the at least one nozzle passage through the fluid delivery passage.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes a piezoelectric actuation mechanism and a sensor configuration to measure the condition of the actuation mechanism as well as an associated fuel rail. The sensor configuration includes a piezoelectric sensor with an output signal with significantly reduced distortion that accurately reflects control signals provided to the piezoelectric actuation mechanism.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes a piezoelectric actuation mechanism and a sensor configuration to measure the condition of the actuation mechanism as well as an associated fuel rail. The sensor configuration includes a piezoelectric sensor with an output signal with significantly reduced distortion that accurately reflects control signals provided to the piezoelectric actuation mechanism.

Abstract: A pump system for preventing hot start knock in a diesel engine following engine shut down carried by fuel leakage into one or more of the combustion chambers of a multiple-cylinder internal combustion engine equipped with a fuel system including open nozzle injectors connected with a common rail. The system includes a transfer pump (46) in fluid communication with the common rail (50) and the fuel tank (48) for pumping fuel out of the common rail and into the fuel tank. A transfer pump control module (82) is provided for actuating the transfer pump (46) for a period of time following engine shut down to remove a sufficient amount of fuel from the common rail to prevent fuel from leakage through the open nozzles. The control system module may include a timer (96) and a voltage sensor (86) to sense condition of a fuel shut off valve (64). A retrofit kit (FIG. 5) is provided including a control module bracket (98) and a transfer module bracket (102).

Abstract: The parameters of a digital signal are extracted by the application of autocorrelation and crosscorrelation techniques to effectively measure the frequency and time behavior of a digital signal. The method employs digital autocorrelation and crosscorrelation to determine these parameters. Autocorrelation allows the measurement of signal frequency by measurement of instantaneous signal phase. Crosscorrelation allows measurement of relative phase between two or more signals in two or more channels by measurement of instantaneous phase and by referencing the instantaneous phase to the autocorrelation function. The autocorrelation function and crosscorrelation function preserve relative amplitude and phase. Measurement of relative amplitude and phase allows direction finding calculation for any current class of system that uses amplitude and/or phase to derive angle or arrival.