Abstract: According to an exemplary embodiment, a gas turbine element made of a hardened titanium alloy may be provided. The hardened titanium alloy may be made by a process which may include but may not be limited to, obtaining an element made of titanium alloy, treating a surface of the element made of titanium alloy with beryllium using diffusion process, and forming a titanium beryllide diffusion layer to a predetermined depth from the surface.

Abstract: Turbine blades, including airfoils, of aviation or industrial gas turbine engines are treated with chromium to improve resistance to hot corrosion. Various alloys, including, but not limited to nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, and stainless steel alloys may be treated with chromium. Chromium is introduced through the surface and into the material by a process of electrolytic molten salt deposition. This treatment produces components with increased chromium content and improved resistance to hot corrosion caused by airborne sodium salts entering the turbines.

Abstract: A material is diffused into an electrically conductive substrate to enhance and add desirable properties through a metalliding process employing an electrolytic bath within an atmosphere substantially free of oxygen. The substrate to be coated is submerged within the bath as a cathode along with multiple anodes, each anode having a distinctive composition from the other. A variable power source provides preselected current densities to each of the anodes so as to result in a diffusing of material from each anode for coating the substrate in proportion to the current densities applied to each anode. Products of the invention include an electrically conductive substrate and an alloy coating diffused into a surface of the substrate, wherein the alloy coating comprises a compound of beryllium, boron or silicon, plus at least one refractory metal.

Abstract: A material (20) is coated to enhance and add desirable properties through a metalliding process employing an atmosphere (14) substantially free of oxygen and an electrolytic bath (18) within the atmosphere (14). An electrically conductive substrate (20) to be coated is submerged within the bath (18) as a cathode (20) along with multiple anodes (26), each anode (26a, 26b, 26c) having a distinctive composition from the other. A variable power source (30) provides distinctly selected current densities to each of the anodes (26) so as to result in a coating of the substrate (20) by each anode material (26a, 26b, 26c) in proportion to the applied current densities.

Abstract: Turbine blades, including airfoils, of aviation or industrial gas turbine engines are treated with boron to improve surface hardness and/or durability. Both stainless steel components and titanium components may be treated with boron. Elemental boron is diffused into the surface of the blade or other component, forming FeB and Fe2B in stainless steel components and titanium boride in titanium components. This treatment produces components with increased resistance to erosion caused by airborne particles and pollutants, extending the life of the components.

Abstract: Turbine blades, including airfoils, of aviation or industrial gas turbine engines are treated with boron to improve surface hardness and/or durability. Both stainless steel components and titanium components may be treated with boron. Elemental boron is diffused into the surface of the blade or other component, forming FeB and Fe2B in stainless steel components and titanium boride in titanium components. This treatment produces components with increased resistance to erosion caused by airborne particles and pollutants, extending the life of the components.

Abstract: Dehulled brown unmilled rice is exposed to ozone gas in an ozone and air gas mixture. The exposed brown rice is stored for at least a day to sufficiently affect the bran before subjecting the exposed rice to a typical milling process. The milling of the exposed brown rice results in reduced breakage and thus increased head rice yield to economically attractive levels.

Abstract: Dehulled brown unmilled rice is exposed to ozone gas in an ozone and air gas mixture. The exposed brown rice is stored for at least a day to sufficiently affect the bran before subjecting the exposed rice to a typical milling process. The milling of the exposed brown rice results in reduced breakage and thus increased head rice yield to economically attractive levels.

Abstract: A method for sanitizing food products that utilizes ozone containing bubbles. The food product is immersed in a liquid bath that has a plurality of ozone containing bubbles streaming therethrough. Enough ozone containing bubbles are provided such that a continuous stream of bubbles are always present within the liquid bath. The ozone containing bubbles are typically an ozone air mixture and can be introduced into the liquid bath directly as a bubble gas stream or can be mixed with the liquid of the liquid bath prior to their introduction into the bath itself. When the food product is immersed in the bath containing the ozone containing bubbles, the ozone in the bubbles contacts the surfaces of the food product and has a sanitizing effect thereon.

Abstract: An apparatus and a process for using the apparatus for removing fat, bacteria, solids and other impurities from water used in food processing so that substantially all the water may be reused includes a tower. The water is passed through a coarse filter to remove large pieces and is then introduced into the tower near the top thereof and flows out the tower near the bottom thereof. A mixture of ozone and air is introduced at the bottom of the tower and bubbled up through the tower, counter to the flow of the water. The ozone and water mixture carries impurities, especially the fat, over the top of the tower as a foam. The foam then flows over the tower into a waste drain. The process and apparatus may be varied to include a second tower unit with an alternative intermediate filter unit between the first tower and second tower unit.

Abstract: A method for sanitizing poultry carcasses utilizing ozonated water applicable to a mass poultry processing facility. Ozonated water is produced to a concentration of at least 0.5 parts per million ozone in water and introduced into a trough through which partially processed poultry carcasses can be fully immersed. The trough is equipped with rows of nozzles along the bottom that are directed into the trough to stream jets of ozonated water into the inner body cavity of a poultry carcass and at the back side of the carcass as it moves through the trough. The trough is filled with ozonated water, at a temperature of about 33.degree. F., in addition to the jets of ozonated water from the nozzles. The carcasses are immersed into the trough at a downstream location and move through the trough upstream against the flowing ozonated water. The carcass is placed on a rack that holds the carcass upright while moving through the trough.