Abstract: A pressure tolerant high energy density battery (10) is described. The battery has a metal casing (12) having a pressure compensating means in the form of bellows (30) comprising a plurality of successive convolutions individually welded to one end of the battery opposite a terminal conductor (20). The conductor is mounted on the header (18) by a glass seal (22) and the active components for the battery comprise a cathode means (34) preferably made of either carbon or fluorinated carbon (CFx) and a binder sheeted on a metal foil and an anode means (36) preferably made by laminating battery grade lithium onto metal grids. A separator (38) is provided between the active battery components and the electrodes and separator are rolled into a spirally wound type formation and housed inside the battery, supported above the bellows.

Abstract: A primary electrochemical cell having an oxidizable active anode material, a cathode current collector, and an electrolytic solution comprising a liquid cathode material and an electrolyte solute dissolved therein. The solute consists of the reaction product of a Lewis acid, a first Lewis base, and a second Lewis base. In a specific embodiment the anode material is lithium, the liquid cathode material is thionyl chloride, the Lewis acid is aluminum chloride, the first Lewis base is lithium iodide, and the second Lewis base is lithium chloride.

Abstract: A primary electrochemical cell having an oxidizable active anode material, a cathode current collector, and an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution consists essentially of liquid cathode material, an electrolyte solute for imparting conductivity, and iodine monochloride for catalyzing the electroreduction of the liquid cathode material. In specific embodiments the anode material was lithium, the liquid cathode material was thionyl chloride or sulfuryl chloride and the electrolyte solute was lithium tetrachloroaluminate.

Abstract: A primary electrochemical cell having an oxidizable active anode material, a cathode current collector, and an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution consists essentially of liquid cathode material, an electrolyte solute for imparting conductivity, and molecular iodine for catalyzing the electroreduction of the liquid cathode material. In a specific embodiment the anode material is lithium, the liquid cathode material is thionyl chloride, and the electrolyte solute is lithium tetrachloroaluminate.

Abstract: A process for the electrochemical production of hydrogen from an aqueous alkaline electrolyte characterized by the use as a cathode of a material having the general formula AB.sub.5 H.sub.x wherein A is one or more of rare earth metals and calcium, B is nickel or cobalt and x is a number, generally from 4 to 8 characteristic of saturation of the AB.sub.5 -compound with hydrogen. The hydrogen is generated at a relatively low overpotential and thus at high efficiency.

Abstract: A hydrogen sorbent composition is provided which is comprised of a hydridable material such as LaNi.sub.5 encradled throughout a porous, fiber-containing polymeric composition.

Abstract: An improvement in the production of polymer-bonded cell electrodes comprises forming a particulate material which can be developed into a shaped polymeric system comprising an electrode active material encradled in a porous, fiber-containing, polymeric composition. In a preferred embodiment, the polymeric system is developed as a thin, flexible electrode.

Abstract: A process is provided for forming a polymeric material which can be developed into a shaped polymeric structure comprising an active material encradled in a porous, fiber-containing polymeric composition. In the process, the active material is mixed with a tripartite system comprising a fibrillatable polymer, a support-contributing polymer and a pore-former. When such a system is mixed and developed with an active material, such as LaNi.sub.5, an active composition is produced which may be used, for example, as a hydrogen collecting or storing material.

Abstract: A particulate catalyst composition is provided by processing components in standard polymer processing equipment to obtain catalyst particles encradled in a porous, fiber-containing polymeric material.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is provided as a thin flexible sheet in standard polymer processing equipment. The catalyst is comprised of catalyst particles encradled in a porous, fiber-containing polymeric material.

Abstract: An improvement in the production of polymer-bonded cell electrodes comprises forming a particulate material which can be developed into a shaped polymeric system comprising an electrode active material encradled in a porous, fiber-containing, polymeric composition. In a preferred embodiment, the polymeric system is developed as a thin, flexible electrode.

Abstract: A photoelectrochemical system comprising an n-type photoelectrode, means associated with said photoelectrode for storing charges produced at the interface of the photoelectrode and an electrolyte and a hydrogen storage electrode in contact with a hydrogen-containing electrolyte.

Abstract: A process for electrodepositing cadmium and selenium onto a material suitable for use as a photoelectrode in a photovoltaic cell. The plating electrolyte, in one embodiment, consists essentially of an acid citrate bath including hydrated citric acid, hydrated sodium citrate, hydrated cadmium chloride and selenious acid. The deposit may be subsequently heat treated.